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      1                           CUPS License Agreement
      2 
      3 		      Copyright 2007-2016 by Apple Inc.
      4 			     1 Infinite Loop
      5 			  Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
      6 
      7                          WWW: http://www.cups.org/
      8 
      9 
     10 INTRODUCTION
     11 
     12 CUPS(tm) is provided under the GNU General Public License ("GPL")
     13 and GNU Library General Public License ("LGPL"), Version 2, with an
     14 exception for Apple operating systems. A copy of the exception and
     15 licenses follow this introduction.
     16 
     17 The GNU LGPL applies to the CUPS and CUPS Imaging libraries
     18 located in the "cups" and "filter" subdirectories of the CUPS
     19 source distribution and the files in the "test" subdirectory. The
     20 GNU GPL applies to the remainder of the CUPS distribution.
     21 
     22 For those not familiar with the GNU GPL, the license basically
     23 allows you to:
     24 
     25    - Use the CUPS software at no charge.
     26    - Distribute verbatim copies of the software in source or
     27      binary form.
     28    - Sell verbatim copies of the software for a media fee, or
     29      sell support for the software.
     30 
     31 What this license *does not* allow you to do is make changes or
     32 add features to CUPS and then sell a binary distribution without
     33 source code. You must provide source for any changes or additions
     34 to the software, and all code must be provided under the GPL or
     35 LGPL as appropriate. The only exceptions to this are the portions
     36 of the CUPS software covered by the Apple operating system
     37 license exceptions outlined later in this license agreement.
     38 
     39 The GNU LGPL relaxes the "link-to" restriction, allowing you to
     40 develop applications that use the CUPS and CUPS Imaging libraries
     41 under other licenses and/or conditions as appropriate for your
     42 application, driver, or filter.
     43 
     44 
     45 LICENSE EXCEPTIONS
     46 
     47 In addition, as the copyright holder of CUPS, Apple Inc. grants
     48 the following special exception:
     49 
     50      1. Apple Operating System Development License Exception;
     51 
     52 	a. Software that is developed by any person or entity
     53 	   for an Apple Operating System ("Apple OS-Developed
     54 	   Software"), including but not limited to Apple and
     55 	   third party printer drivers, filters, and backends
     56 	   for an Apple Operating System, that is linked to the
     57 	   CUPS imaging library or based on any sample filters
     58 	   or backends provided with CUPS shall not be
     59 	   considered to be a derivative work or collective work
     60 	   based on the CUPS program and is exempt from the
     61 	   mandatory source code release clauses of the GNU GPL.
     62 	   You may therefore distribute linked combinations of
     63 	   the CUPS imaging library with Apple OS-Developed
     64 	   Software without releasing the source code of the
     65 	   Apple OS-Developed Software. You may also use sample
     66 	   filters and backends provided with CUPS to develop
     67 	   Apple OS-Developed Software without releasing the
     68 	   source code of the Apple OS-Developed Software.
     69 
     70 	b. An Apple Operating System means any operating system
     71 	   software developed and/or marketed by Apple Inc.,
     72 	   including but not limited to all existing releases and
     73 	   versions of Apple's Darwin, iOS, macOS, macOS Server, and
     74 	   tvOS products and all follow-on releases and future
     75 	   versions thereof.
     76 
     77 	c. This exception is only available for Apple
     78 	   OS-Developed Software and does not apply to software
     79 	   that is distributed for use on other operating
     80 	   systems.
     81 
     82 	d. All CUPS software that falls under this license
     83 	   exception have the following text at the top of each
     84 	   source file:
     85 
     86 	     This file is subject to the Apple OS-Developed
     87 	     Software exception.
     88 
     89 No developer is required to provide this exception in a derived
     90 work.
     91 
     92 
     93 KERBEROS SUPPORT CODE
     94 
     95 The Kerberos support code ("KSC") is copyright 2006 by Jelmer
     96 Vernooij and is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
     97 warranty.  In no event will the author or Apple Inc. be held
     98 liable for any damages arising from the use of the KSC.
     99 
    100 Sources files containing KSC have the following text at the top
    101 of each source file:
    102 
    103      This file contains Kerberos support code, copyright 2006 by
    104      Jelmer Vernooij.
    105 
    106 The KSC copyright and license apply only to Kerberos-related
    107 feature code in CUPS.  Such code is typically conditionally
    108 compiled based on the present of the HAVE_GSSAPI preprocessor
    109 definition.
    110 
    111 Permission is granted to anyone to use the KSC for any purpose,
    112 including commercial applications, and to alter it and
    113 redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:
    114 
    115      1. The origin of the KSC must not be misrepresented; you
    116 	must not claim that you wrote the original software. If
    117 	you use the KSC in a product, an acknowledgment in the
    118 	product documentation would be appreciated but is not
    119 	required.
    120 
    121      2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such,
    122 	and must not be misrepresented as being the original
    123 	software.
    124 
    125      3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
    126 	distribution.
    127 
    128 
    129 TRADEMARKS
    130 
    131 CUPS and the CUPS logo (the "CUPS Marks") are trademarks of Apple
    132 Inc. Apple grants you a non-exclusive and non-transferable right
    133 to use the CUPS Marks in any direct port or binary distribution
    134 incorporating CUPS software and in any promotional material
    135 therefor.  You agree that your products will meet the highest
    136 levels of quality and integrity for similar goods, not be unlawful,
    137 and be developed, manufactured, and distributed in compliance with
    138 this license.  You will not interfere with Apple's rights in the
    139 CUPS Marks, and all use of the CUPS Marks shall inure to the
    140 benefit of Apple.  This license does not apply to use of the CUPS
    141 Marks in a derivative products, which requires prior written
    142 permission from Apple Inc.
    143 
    145 		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
    146 		       Version 2, June 1991
    147 
    148  Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    149                        59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
    150  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
    151  of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
    152 
    153 			    Preamble
    154 
    155   The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
    156 freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
    157 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
    158 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
    159 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
    160 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
    161 using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
    162 the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
    163 your programs, too.
    164 
    165   When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
    166 price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
    167 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
    168 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
    169 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
    170 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
    171 
    172   To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
    173 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
    174 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
    175 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
    176 
    177   For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
    178 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
    179 you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
    180 source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
    181 rights.
    182 
    183   We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
    184 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
    185 distribute and/or modify the software.
    186 
    187   Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
    188 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
    189 software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
    190 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
    191 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
    192 authors' reputations.
    193 
    194   Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
    195 patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
    196 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
    197 program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
    198 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
    199 
    200   The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
    201 modification follow.
    202 
    204 		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
    205    TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
    206 
    207   0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
    208 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
    209 under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
    210 refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
    211 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
    212 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
    213 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
    214 language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
    215 the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
    216 
    217 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
    218 covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
    219 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
    220 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
    221 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
    222 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
    223 
    224   1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
    225 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
    226 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
    227 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
    228 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
    229 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
    230 along with the Program.
    231 
    232 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
    233 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
    234 
    235   2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
    236 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
    237 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
    238 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
    239 
    240     a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
    241     stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
    242 
    243     b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
    244     whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
    245     part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
    246     parties under the terms of this License.
    247 
    248     c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
    249     when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
    250     interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
    251     announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
    252     notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
    253     a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
    254     these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
    255     License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
    256     does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
    257     the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
    258 
    260 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
    261 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
    262 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
    263 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
    264 sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
    265 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
    266 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
    267 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
    268 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
    269 
    270 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
    271 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
    272 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
    273 collective works based on the Program.
    274 
    275 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
    276 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
    277 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
    278 the scope of this License.
    279 
    280   3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
    281 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
    282 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
    283 
    284     a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
    285     source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
    286     1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
    287 
    288     b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
    289     years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
    290     cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
    291     machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
    292     distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
    293     customarily used for software interchange; or,
    294 
    295     c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
    296     to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
    297     allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
    298     received the program in object code or executable form with such
    299     an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
    300 
    301 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
    302 making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
    303 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
    304 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
    305 control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
    306 special exception, the source code distributed need not include
    307 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
    308 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
    309 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
    310 itself accompanies the executable.
    311 
    312 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
    313 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
    314 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
    315 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
    316 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
    317 
    319   4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
    320 except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
    321 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
    322 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
    323 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
    324 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
    325 parties remain in full compliance.
    326 
    327   5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
    328 signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
    329 distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
    330 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
    331 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
    332 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
    333 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
    334 the Program or works based on it.
    335 
    336   6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
    337 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
    338 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
    339 these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
    340 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
    341 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
    342 this License.
    343 
    344   7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
    345 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
    346 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
    347 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
    348 excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
    349 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
    350 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
    351 may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
    352 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
    353 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
    354 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
    355 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
    356 
    357 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
    358 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
    359 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
    360 circumstances.
    361 
    362 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
    363 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
    364 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
    365 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
    366 implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
    367 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
    368 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
    369 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
    370 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
    371 impose that choice.
    372 
    373 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
    374 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
    375 
    377   8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
    378 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
    379 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
    380 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
    381 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
    382 countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
    383 the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
    384 
    385   9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
    386 of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
    387 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
    388 address new problems or concerns.
    389 
    390 Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
    391 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
    392 later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
    393 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
    394 Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
    395 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
    396 Foundation.
    397 
    398   10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
    399 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
    400 to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
    401 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
    402 make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
    403 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
    404 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
    405 
    406 			    NO WARRANTY
    407 
    408   11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
    409 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
    410 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
    411 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
    412 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
    413 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
    414 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
    415 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
    416 REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
    417 
    418   12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
    419 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
    420 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
    421 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
    422 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
    423 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
    424 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
    425 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
    426 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
    427 
    428 		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
    429 
    431 	Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
    432 
    433   If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
    434 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
    435 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
    436 
    437   To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
    438 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
    439 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
    440 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
    441 
    442     <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    443     Copyright (C) 19yy  <name of author>
    444 
    445     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    446     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    447     the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    448     (at your option) any later version.
    449 
    450     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    451     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    452     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    453     GNU General Public License for more details.
    454 
    455     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    456     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    457     Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
    458 
    459 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
    460 
    461 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
    462 when it starts in an interactive mode:
    463 
    464     Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
    465     Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    466     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    467     under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
    468 
    469 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
    470 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
    471 be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
    472 mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
    473 
    474 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
    475 school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
    476 necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
    477 
    478   Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
    479   `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
    480 
    481   <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
    482   Ty Coon, President of Vice
    483 
    484 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
    485 proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
    486 consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
    487 library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
    488 Public License instead of this License.
    489 
    491 		  GNU LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
    492 			 Version 2, June 1991
    493 
    494 	  Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    495        59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
    496 
    497      Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
    498       of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
    499 
    500     [This is the first released version of the library GPL.  It is
    501    numbered 2 because it goes with version 2 of the ordinary GPL.]
    502 
    503 			       Preamble
    504 
    505   The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
    506 freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
    507 Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
    508 free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.
    509 
    510   This license, the Library General Public License, applies to some
    511 specially designated Free Software Foundation software, and to any
    512 other libraries whose authors decide to use it.  You can use it for
    513 your libraries, too.
    514 
    515   When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
    516 price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
    517 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
    518 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
    519 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
    520 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
    521 
    522   To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
    523 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
    524 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if
    525 you distribute copies of the library, or if you modify it.
    526 
    527   For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
    528 or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
    529 you.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
    530 code.  If you link a program with the library, you must provide
    531 complete object files to the recipients so that they can relink them
    532 with the library, after making changes to the library and recompiling
    533 it.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
    534 
    535   Our method of protecting your rights has two steps: (1) copyright
    536 the library, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal
    537 permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
    538 
    539   Also, for each distributor's protection, we want to make certain
    540 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
    541 library.  If the library is modified by someone else and passed on, we
    542 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original
    543 version, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on
    544 the original authors' reputations.
    545 
    547   Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
    548 patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that companies distributing free
    549 software will individually obtain patent licenses, thus in effect
    550 transforming the program into proprietary software.  To prevent this,
    551 we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's
    552 free use or not licensed at all.
    553 
    554   Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary
    555 GNU General Public License, which was designed for utility programs.  This
    556 license, the GNU Library General Public License, applies to certain
    557 designated libraries.  This license is quite different from the ordinary
    558 one; be sure to read it in full, and don't assume that anything in it is
    559 the same as in the ordinary license.
    560 
    561   The reason we have a separate public license for some libraries is that
    562 they blur the distinction we usually make between modifying or adding to a
    563 program and simply using it.  Linking a program with a library, without
    564 changing the library, is in some sense simply using the library, and is
    565 analogous to running a utility program or application program.  However, in
    566 a textual and legal sense, the linked executable is a combined work, a
    567 derivative of the original library, and the ordinary General Public License
    568 treats it as such.
    569 
    570   Because of this blurred distinction, using the ordinary General
    571 Public License for libraries did not effectively promote software
    572 sharing, because most developers did not use the libraries.  We
    573 concluded that weaker conditions might promote sharing better.
    574 
    575   However, unrestricted linking of non-free programs would deprive the
    576 users of those programs of all benefit from the free status of the
    577 libraries themselves.  This Library General Public License is intended to
    578 permit developers of non-free programs to use free libraries, while
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    937 
    939      Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
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    941   If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest
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    952     <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
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    954 
    955     This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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    960     This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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    974 
    975   Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
    976   library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.
    977 
    978   <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990
    979   Ty Coon, President of Vice
    980 
    981 That's all there is to it!
    982