1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 2 <HTML 3 ><HEAD 4 ><TITLE 5 >YUV Formats</TITLE 6 ><META 7 NAME="GENERATOR" 8 CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK 9 REL="HOME" 10 TITLE="Video for Linux Two API Specification" 11 HREF="book1.htm"><LINK 12 REL="UP" 13 TITLE="Image Formats" 14 HREF="c2030.htm"><LINK 15 REL="PREVIOUS" 16 TITLE="V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BA82')" 17 HREF="r3796.htm"><LINK 18 REL="NEXT" 19 TITLE="Packed YUV formats" 20 HREF="r3896.htm"></HEAD 21 ><BODY 22 CLASS="SECTION" 23 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" 24 TEXT="#000000" 25 LINK="#0000FF" 26 VLINK="#840084" 27 ALINK="#0000FF" 28 ><DIV 29 CLASS="NAVHEADER" 30 ><TABLE 31 SUMMARY="Header navigation table" 32 WIDTH="100%" 33 BORDER="0" 34 CELLPADDING="0" 35 CELLSPACING="0" 36 ><TR 37 ><TH 38 COLSPAN="3" 39 ALIGN="center" 40 >Video for Linux Two API Specification: Revision 0.24</TH 41 ></TR 42 ><TR 43 ><TD 44 WIDTH="10%" 45 ALIGN="left" 46 VALIGN="bottom" 47 ><A 48 HREF="r3796.htm" 49 ACCESSKEY="P" 50 >Prev</A 51 ></TD 52 ><TD 53 WIDTH="80%" 54 ALIGN="center" 55 VALIGN="bottom" 56 >Chapter 2. Image Formats</TD 57 ><TD 58 WIDTH="10%" 59 ALIGN="right" 60 VALIGN="bottom" 61 ><A 62 HREF="r3896.htm" 63 ACCESSKEY="N" 64 >Next</A 65 ></TD 66 ></TR 67 ></TABLE 68 ><HR 69 ALIGN="LEFT" 70 WIDTH="100%"></DIV 71 ><DIV 72 CLASS="SECTION" 73 ><H1 74 CLASS="SECTION" 75 ><A 76 NAME="YUV-FORMATS" 77 >2.5. YUV Formats</A 78 ></H1 79 ><DIV 80 CLASS="TOC" 81 ><DL 82 ><DT 83 ><B 84 >Table of Contents</B 85 ></DT 86 ><DT 87 ><A 88 HREF="r3896.htm" 89 >Packed YUV formats</A 90 > -- Packed YUV formats</DT 91 ><DT 92 ><A 93 HREF="r4185.htm" 94 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</A 95 > -- Grey-scale image</DT 96 ><DT 97 ><A 98 HREF="r4246.htm" 99 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</A 100 > -- Grey-scale image</DT 101 ><DT 102 ><A 103 HREF="r4339.htm" 104 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</A 105 > -- Packed format with ½ horizontal chroma 106 resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</DT 107 ><DT 108 ><A 109 HREF="r4484.htm" 110 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</A 111 > -- Variation of 112 <CODE 113 CLASS="CONSTANT" 114 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE 115 > with different order of samples 116 in memory</DT 117 ><DT 118 ><A 119 HREF="r4629.htm" 120 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</A 121 > -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma 122 resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</DT 123 ><DT 124 ><A 125 HREF="r4850.htm" 126 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</A 127 > -- Planar formats with ½ horizontal and 128 vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</DT 129 ><DT 130 ><A 131 HREF="r5016.htm" 132 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</A 133 > -- Planar formats with ¼ horizontal and 134 vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</DT 135 ><DT 136 ><A 137 HREF="r5154.htm" 138 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</A 139 > -- Format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, 140 also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to 141 <CODE 142 CLASS="CONSTANT" 143 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE 144 ></DT 145 ><DT 146 ><A 147 HREF="r5319.htm" 148 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</A 149 > -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, 150 also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to 151 <CODE 152 CLASS="CONSTANT" 153 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</CODE 154 ></DT 155 ><DT 156 ><A 157 HREF="r5470.htm" 158 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</A 159 > -- Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical 160 chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one 161 chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to 162 <CODE 163 CLASS="CONSTANT" 164 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</CODE 165 ></DT 166 ></DL 167 ></DIV 168 ><P 169 >YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video 170 signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color 171 information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of 172 red and blue <SPAN 173 CLASS="emphasis" 174 ><I 175 CLASS="EMPHASIS" 176 >color difference</I 177 ></SPAN 178 > signals, this way 179 the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the 180 brightness component. See <A 181 HREF="x2123.htm" 182 >Section 2.2</A 183 > for conversion 184 examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit 185 brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing 186 receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color 187 difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components 188 usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog 189 video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the 190 human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness 191 information.</P 192 ></DIV 193 ><DIV 194 CLASS="NAVFOOTER" 195 ><HR 196 ALIGN="LEFT" 197 WIDTH="100%"><TABLE 198 SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" 199 WIDTH="100%" 200 BORDER="0" 201 CELLPADDING="0" 202 CELLSPACING="0" 203 ><TR 204 ><TD 205 WIDTH="33%" 206 ALIGN="left" 207 VALIGN="top" 208 ><A 209 HREF="r3796.htm" 210 ACCESSKEY="P" 211 >Prev</A 212 ></TD 213 ><TD 214 WIDTH="34%" 215 ALIGN="center" 216 VALIGN="top" 217 ><A 218 HREF="book1.htm" 219 ACCESSKEY="H" 220 >Home</A 221 ></TD 222 ><TD 223 WIDTH="33%" 224 ALIGN="right" 225 VALIGN="top" 226 ><A 227 HREF="r3896.htm" 228 ACCESSKEY="N" 229 >Next</A 230 ></TD 231 ></TR 232 ><TR 233 ><TD 234 WIDTH="33%" 235 ALIGN="left" 236 VALIGN="top" 237 >V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 ('BA82')</TD 238 ><TD 239 WIDTH="34%" 240 ALIGN="center" 241 VALIGN="top" 242 ><A 243 HREF="c2030.htm" 244 ACCESSKEY="U" 245 >Up</A 246 ></TD 247 ><TD 248 WIDTH="33%" 249 ALIGN="right" 250 VALIGN="top" 251 >Packed YUV formats</TD 252 ></TR 253 ></TABLE 254 ></DIV 255 ></BODY 256 ></HTML 257 > 258
