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      1 /*
      2  * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
      3  *
      4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      7  *
      8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      9  *
     10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     14  * limitations under the License.
     15  */
     16 
     17 #include "RouteController.h"
     18 
     19 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     20 #include <errno.h>
     21 #include <fcntl.h>
     22 #include <linux/fib_rules.h>
     23 #include <net/if.h>
     24 #include <sys/stat.h>
     25 
     26 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
     27 
     28 #include <map>
     29 
     30 #include "DummyNetwork.h"
     31 #include "Fwmark.h"
     32 #include "NetdConstants.h"
     33 #include "NetlinkCommands.h"
     34 #include "UidRanges.h"
     35 
     36 #include "android-base/file.h"
     37 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
     38 #define LOG_TAG "Netd"
     39 #include "log/log.h"
     40 #include "logwrap/logwrap.h"
     41 #include "netutils/ifc.h"
     42 #include "resolv_netid.h"
     43 
     44 using android::base::StringPrintf;
     45 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
     46 using android::net::UidRange;
     47 
     48 namespace android {
     49 namespace net {
     50 
     51 auto RouteController::iptablesRestoreCommandFunction = execIptablesRestoreCommand;
     52 
     53 // BEGIN CONSTANTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     54 
     55 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OVERRIDE_SYSTEM = 10000;
     56 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OVERRIDE_OIF    = 10500;
     57 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OUTPUT_TO_LOCAL = 11000;
     58 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_SECURE_VPN          = 12000;
     59 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_PROHIBIT_NON_VPN    = 12500;
     60 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_EXPLICIT_NETWORK    = 13000;
     61 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_OUTPUT_INTERFACE    = 14000;
     62 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_LEGACY_SYSTEM       = 15000;
     63 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_LEGACY_NETWORK      = 16000;
     64 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_LOCAL_NETWORK       = 17000;
     65 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_TETHERING           = 18000;
     66 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_IMPLICIT_NETWORK    = 19000;
     67 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_BYPASSABLE_VPN      = 20000;
     68 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_FALLTHROUGH     = 21000;
     69 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT_NETWORK     = 22000;
     70 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_DIRECTLY_CONNECTED  = 23000;
     71 const uint32_t RULE_PRIORITY_UNREACHABLE         = 32000;
     72 
     73 const uint32_t ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK  = 97;
     74 const uint32_t ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_NETWORK = 98;
     75 const uint32_t ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_SYSTEM  = 99;
     76 
     77 const char* const ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LOCAL_NETWORK  = "local_network";
     78 const char* const ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LEGACY_NETWORK = "legacy_network";
     79 const char* const ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LEGACY_SYSTEM  = "legacy_system";
     80 
     81 const char* const ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LOCAL = "local";
     82 const char* const ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_MAIN  = "main";
     83 
     84 // None of our routes specify priority, which causes them to have the default
     85 // priority. For throw routes, we use a fixed priority of 100000. This is
     86 // because we use throw routes either for maximum-length routes (/32 for IPv4,
     87 // /128 for IPv6), which we never create with any other priority, or for
     88 // purposely-low-priority default routes that should never match if there is
     89 // any other route in the table.
     90 uint32_t PRIO_THROW = 100000;
     91 
     92 const char* const RouteController::LOCAL_MANGLE_INPUT = "routectrl_mangle_INPUT";
     93 
     94 // These values are upstream, but not yet in our headers.
     95 // TODO: delete these definitions when updating the headers.
     96 const uint16_t FRA_UID_RANGE = 20;
     97 struct fib_rule_uid_range {
     98         __u32           start;
     99         __u32           end;
    100 };
    101 
    102 const uint8_t AF_FAMILIES[] = {AF_INET, AF_INET6};
    103 
    104 const uid_t UID_ROOT = 0;
    105 const char* const IIF_LOOPBACK = "lo";
    106 const char* const IIF_NONE = NULL;
    107 const char* const OIF_NONE = NULL;
    108 const bool ACTION_ADD = true;
    109 const bool ACTION_DEL = false;
    110 const bool MODIFY_NON_UID_BASED_RULES = true;
    111 
    112 const char* const RT_TABLES_PATH = "/data/misc/net/rt_tables";
    113 const mode_t RT_TABLES_MODE = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;  // mode 0644, rw-r--r--
    114 
    115 // Avoids "non-constant-expression cannot be narrowed from type 'unsigned int' to 'unsigned short'"
    116 // warnings when using RTA_LENGTH(x) inside static initializers (even when x is already uint16_t).
    117 constexpr uint16_t U16_RTA_LENGTH(uint16_t x) {
    118     return RTA_LENGTH(x);
    119 }
    120 
    121 // These are practically const, but can't be declared so, because they are used to initialize
    122 // non-const pointers ("void* iov_base") in iovec arrays.
    123 rtattr FRATTR_PRIORITY  = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           FRA_PRIORITY };
    124 rtattr FRATTR_TABLE     = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           FRA_TABLE };
    125 rtattr FRATTR_FWMARK    = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           FRA_FWMARK };
    126 rtattr FRATTR_FWMASK    = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           FRA_FWMASK };
    127 rtattr FRATTR_UID_RANGE = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(fib_rule_uid_range)), FRA_UID_RANGE };
    128 
    129 rtattr RTATTR_TABLE     = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           RTA_TABLE };
    130 rtattr RTATTR_OIF       = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           RTA_OIF };
    131 rtattr RTATTR_PRIO      = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(sizeof(uint32_t)),           RTA_PRIORITY };
    132 
    133 uint8_t PADDING_BUFFER[RTA_ALIGNTO] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
    134 
    135 // END CONSTANTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    136 
    137 const char *actionName(uint16_t action) {
    138     static const char *ops[4] = {"adding", "deleting", "getting", "???"};
    139     return ops[action % 4];
    140 }
    141 
    142 const char *familyName(uint8_t family) {
    143     switch (family) {
    144         case AF_INET: return "IPv4";
    145         case AF_INET6: return "IPv6";
    146         default: return "???";
    147     }
    148 }
    149 
    150 // No locks needed because RouteController is accessed only from one thread (in CommandListener).
    151 std::map<std::string, uint32_t> interfaceToTable;
    152 
    153 uint32_t getRouteTableForInterface(const char* interface) {
    154     uint32_t index = if_nametoindex(interface);
    155     if (index) {
    156         index += RouteController::ROUTE_TABLE_OFFSET_FROM_INDEX;
    157         interfaceToTable[interface] = index;
    158         return index;
    159     }
    160     // If the interface goes away if_nametoindex() will return 0 but we still need to know
    161     // the index so we can remove the rules and routes.
    162     auto iter = interfaceToTable.find(interface);
    163     if (iter == interfaceToTable.end()) {
    164         ALOGE("cannot find interface %s", interface);
    165         return RT_TABLE_UNSPEC;
    166     }
    167     return iter->second;
    168 }
    169 
    170 void addTableName(uint32_t table, const std::string& name, std::string* contents) {
    171     char tableString[UINT32_STRLEN];
    172     snprintf(tableString, sizeof(tableString), "%u", table);
    173     *contents += tableString;
    174     *contents += " ";
    175     *contents += name;
    176     *contents += "\n";
    177 }
    178 
    179 // Doesn't return success/failure as the file is optional; it's okay if we fail to update it.
    180 void updateTableNamesFile() {
    181     std::string contents;
    182 
    183     addTableName(RT_TABLE_LOCAL, ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LOCAL, &contents);
    184     addTableName(RT_TABLE_MAIN,  ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_MAIN,  &contents);
    185 
    186     addTableName(ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK,  ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LOCAL_NETWORK,  &contents);
    187     addTableName(ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_NETWORK, ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LEGACY_NETWORK, &contents);
    188     addTableName(ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_SYSTEM,  ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_LEGACY_SYSTEM,  &contents);
    189 
    190     for (const auto& entry : interfaceToTable) {
    191         addTableName(entry.second, entry.first, &contents);
    192     }
    193 
    194     if (!WriteStringToFile(contents, RT_TABLES_PATH, RT_TABLES_MODE, AID_SYSTEM, AID_WIFI)) {
    195         ALOGE("failed to write to %s (%s)", RT_TABLES_PATH, strerror(errno));
    196         return;
    197     }
    198 }
    199 
    200 // Returns 0 on success or negative errno on failure.
    201 int padInterfaceName(const char* input, char* name, size_t* length, uint16_t* padding) {
    202     if (!input) {
    203         *length = 0;
    204         *padding = 0;
    205         return 0;
    206     }
    207     *length = strlcpy(name, input, IFNAMSIZ) + 1;
    208     if (*length > IFNAMSIZ) {
    209         ALOGE("interface name too long (%zu > %u)", *length, IFNAMSIZ);
    210         return -ENAMETOOLONG;
    211     }
    212     *padding = RTA_SPACE(*length) - RTA_LENGTH(*length);
    213     return 0;
    214 }
    215 
    216 // Adds or removes a routing rule for IPv4 and IPv6.
    217 //
    218 // + If |table| is non-zero, the rule points at the specified routing table. Otherwise, the table is
    219 //   unspecified. An unspecified table is not allowed when creating an FR_ACT_TO_TBL rule.
    220 // + If |mask| is non-zero, the rule matches the specified fwmark and mask. Otherwise, |fwmark| is
    221 //   ignored.
    222 // + If |iif| is non-NULL, the rule matches the specified incoming interface.
    223 // + If |oif| is non-NULL, the rule matches the specified outgoing interface.
    224 // + If |uidStart| and |uidEnd| are not INVALID_UID, the rule matches packets from UIDs in that
    225 //   range (inclusive). Otherwise, the rule matches packets from all UIDs.
    226 //
    227 // Returns 0 on success or negative errno on failure.
    228 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyIpRule(uint16_t action, uint32_t priority, uint8_t ruleType,
    229                                     uint32_t table, uint32_t fwmark, uint32_t mask, const char* iif,
    230                                     const char* oif, uid_t uidStart, uid_t uidEnd) {
    231     // Ensure that if you set a bit in the fwmark, it's not being ignored by the mask.
    232     if (fwmark & ~mask) {
    233         ALOGE("mask 0x%x does not select all the bits set in fwmark 0x%x", mask, fwmark);
    234         return -ERANGE;
    235     }
    236 
    237     // Interface names must include exactly one terminating NULL and be properly padded, or older
    238     // kernels will refuse to delete rules.
    239     char iifName[IFNAMSIZ], oifName[IFNAMSIZ];
    240     size_t iifLength, oifLength;
    241     uint16_t iifPadding, oifPadding;
    242     if (int ret = padInterfaceName(iif, iifName, &iifLength, &iifPadding)) {
    243         return ret;
    244     }
    245     if (int ret = padInterfaceName(oif, oifName, &oifLength, &oifPadding)) {
    246         return ret;
    247     }
    248 
    249     // Either both start and end UID must be specified, or neither.
    250     if ((uidStart == INVALID_UID) != (uidEnd == INVALID_UID)) {
    251         ALOGE("incompatible start and end UIDs (%u vs %u)", uidStart, uidEnd);
    252         return -EUSERS;
    253     }
    254 
    255     bool isUidRule = (uidStart != INVALID_UID);
    256 
    257     // Assemble a rule request and put it in an array of iovec structures.
    258     fib_rule_hdr rule = {
    259         .action = ruleType,
    260         // Note that here we're implicitly setting rule.table to 0. When we want to specify a
    261         // non-zero table, we do this via the FRATTR_TABLE attribute.
    262     };
    263 
    264     // Don't ever create a rule that looks up table 0, because table 0 is the local table.
    265     // It's OK to specify a table ID of 0 when deleting a rule, because that doesn't actually select
    266     // table 0, it's a wildcard that matches anything.
    267     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC && rule.action == FR_ACT_TO_TBL && action != RTM_DELRULE) {
    268         ALOGE("RT_TABLE_UNSPEC only allowed when deleting rules");
    269         return -ENOTUNIQ;
    270     }
    271 
    272     rtattr fraIifName = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(iifLength), FRA_IIFNAME };
    273     rtattr fraOifName = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(oifLength), FRA_OIFNAME };
    274     struct fib_rule_uid_range uidRange = { uidStart, uidEnd };
    275 
    276     iovec iov[] = {
    277         { NULL,              0 },
    278         { &rule,             sizeof(rule) },
    279         { &FRATTR_PRIORITY,  sizeof(FRATTR_PRIORITY) },
    280         { &priority,         sizeof(priority) },
    281         { &FRATTR_TABLE,     table != RT_TABLE_UNSPEC ? sizeof(FRATTR_TABLE) : 0 },
    282         { &table,            table != RT_TABLE_UNSPEC ? sizeof(table) : 0 },
    283         { &FRATTR_FWMARK,    mask ? sizeof(FRATTR_FWMARK) : 0 },
    284         { &fwmark,           mask ? sizeof(fwmark) : 0 },
    285         { &FRATTR_FWMASK,    mask ? sizeof(FRATTR_FWMASK) : 0 },
    286         { &mask,             mask ? sizeof(mask) : 0 },
    287         { &FRATTR_UID_RANGE, isUidRule ? sizeof(FRATTR_UID_RANGE) : 0 },
    288         { &uidRange,         isUidRule ? sizeof(uidRange) : 0 },
    289         { &fraIifName,       iif != IIF_NONE ? sizeof(fraIifName) : 0 },
    290         { iifName,           iifLength },
    291         { PADDING_BUFFER,    iifPadding },
    292         { &fraOifName,       oif != OIF_NONE ? sizeof(fraOifName) : 0 },
    293         { oifName,           oifLength },
    294         { PADDING_BUFFER,    oifPadding },
    295     };
    296 
    297     uint16_t flags = (action == RTM_NEWRULE) ? NETLINK_CREATE_REQUEST_FLAGS : NETLINK_REQUEST_FLAGS;
    298     for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(AF_FAMILIES); ++i) {
    299         rule.family = AF_FAMILIES[i];
    300         if (int ret = sendNetlinkRequest(action, flags, iov, ARRAY_SIZE(iov), nullptr)) {
    301             if (!(action == RTM_DELRULE && ret == -ENOENT && priority == RULE_PRIORITY_TETHERING)) {
    302                 // Don't log when deleting a tethering rule that's not there. This matches the
    303                 // behaviour of clearTetheringRules, which ignores ENOENT in this case.
    304                 ALOGE("Error %s %s rule: %s", actionName(action), familyName(rule.family),
    305                       strerror(-ret));
    306             }
    307             return ret;
    308         }
    309     }
    310 
    311     return 0;
    312 }
    313 
    314 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyIpRule(uint16_t action, uint32_t priority, uint32_t table,
    315                                     uint32_t fwmark, uint32_t mask, const char* iif,
    316                                     const char* oif, uid_t uidStart, uid_t uidEnd) {
    317     return modifyIpRule(action, priority, FR_ACT_TO_TBL, table, fwmark, mask, iif, oif, uidStart,
    318                         uidEnd);
    319 }
    320 
    321 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyIpRule(uint16_t action, uint32_t priority, uint32_t table,
    322                                     uint32_t fwmark, uint32_t mask) {
    323     return modifyIpRule(action, priority, table, fwmark, mask, IIF_NONE, OIF_NONE, INVALID_UID,
    324                         INVALID_UID);
    325 }
    326 
    327 // Adds or deletes an IPv4 or IPv6 route.
    328 // Returns 0 on success or negative errno on failure.
    329 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyIpRoute(uint16_t action, uint32_t table, const char* interface,
    330                                      const char* destination, const char* nexthop) {
    331     // At least the destination must be non-null.
    332     if (!destination) {
    333         ALOGE("null destination");
    334         return -EFAULT;
    335     }
    336 
    337     // Parse the prefix.
    338     uint8_t rawAddress[sizeof(in6_addr)];
    339     uint8_t family;
    340     uint8_t prefixLength;
    341     int rawLength = parsePrefix(destination, &family, rawAddress, sizeof(rawAddress),
    342                                 &prefixLength);
    343     if (rawLength < 0) {
    344         ALOGE("parsePrefix failed for destination %s (%s)", destination, strerror(-rawLength));
    345         return rawLength;
    346     }
    347 
    348     if (static_cast<size_t>(rawLength) > sizeof(rawAddress)) {
    349         ALOGE("impossible! address too long (%d vs %zu)", rawLength, sizeof(rawAddress));
    350         return -ENOBUFS;  // Cannot happen; parsePrefix only supports IPv4 and IPv6.
    351     }
    352 
    353     uint8_t type = RTN_UNICAST;
    354     uint32_t ifindex;
    355     uint8_t rawNexthop[sizeof(in6_addr)];
    356 
    357     if (nexthop && !strcmp(nexthop, "unreachable")) {
    358         type = RTN_UNREACHABLE;
    359         // 'interface' is likely non-NULL, as the caller (modifyRoute()) likely used it to lookup
    360         // the table number. But it's an error to specify an interface ("dev ...") or a nexthop for
    361         // unreachable routes, so nuke them. (IPv6 allows them to be specified; IPv4 doesn't.)
    362         interface = OIF_NONE;
    363         nexthop = NULL;
    364     } else if (nexthop && !strcmp(nexthop, "throw")) {
    365         type = RTN_THROW;
    366         interface = OIF_NONE;
    367         nexthop = NULL;
    368     } else {
    369         // If an interface was specified, find the ifindex.
    370         if (interface != OIF_NONE) {
    371             ifindex = if_nametoindex(interface);
    372             if (!ifindex) {
    373                 ALOGE("cannot find interface %s", interface);
    374                 return -ENODEV;
    375             }
    376         }
    377 
    378         // If a nexthop was specified, parse it as the same family as the prefix.
    379         if (nexthop && inet_pton(family, nexthop, rawNexthop) <= 0) {
    380             ALOGE("inet_pton failed for nexthop %s", nexthop);
    381             return -EINVAL;
    382         }
    383     }
    384 
    385     bool isDefaultThrowRoute = (type == RTN_THROW && prefixLength == 0);
    386 
    387     // Assemble a rtmsg and put it in an array of iovec structures.
    388     rtmsg route = {
    389         .rtm_protocol = RTPROT_STATIC,
    390         .rtm_type = type,
    391         .rtm_family = family,
    392         .rtm_dst_len = prefixLength,
    393         .rtm_scope = static_cast<uint8_t>(nexthop ? RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE : RT_SCOPE_LINK),
    394     };
    395 
    396     rtattr rtaDst     = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(rawLength), RTA_DST };
    397     rtattr rtaGateway = { U16_RTA_LENGTH(rawLength), RTA_GATEWAY };
    398 
    399     iovec iov[] = {
    400         { NULL,          0 },
    401         { &route,        sizeof(route) },
    402         { &RTATTR_TABLE, sizeof(RTATTR_TABLE) },
    403         { &table,        sizeof(table) },
    404         { &rtaDst,       sizeof(rtaDst) },
    405         { rawAddress,    static_cast<size_t>(rawLength) },
    406         { &RTATTR_OIF,   interface != OIF_NONE ? sizeof(RTATTR_OIF) : 0 },
    407         { &ifindex,      interface != OIF_NONE ? sizeof(ifindex) : 0 },
    408         { &rtaGateway,   nexthop ? sizeof(rtaGateway) : 0 },
    409         { rawNexthop,    nexthop ? static_cast<size_t>(rawLength) : 0 },
    410         { &RTATTR_PRIO,  isDefaultThrowRoute ? sizeof(RTATTR_PRIO) : 0 },
    411         { &PRIO_THROW,   isDefaultThrowRoute ? sizeof(PRIO_THROW) : 0 },
    412     };
    413 
    414     uint16_t flags = (action == RTM_NEWROUTE) ? NETLINK_CREATE_REQUEST_FLAGS :
    415                                                 NETLINK_REQUEST_FLAGS;
    416     int ret = sendNetlinkRequest(action, flags, iov, ARRAY_SIZE(iov), nullptr);
    417     if (ret) {
    418         ALOGE("Error %s route %s -> %s %s to table %u: %s",
    419               actionName(action), destination, nexthop, interface, table, strerror(-ret));
    420     }
    421     return ret;
    422 }
    423 
    424 // An iptables rule to mark incoming packets on a network with the netId of the network.
    425 //
    426 // This is so that the kernel can:
    427 // + Use the right fwmark for (and thus correctly route) replies (e.g.: TCP RST, ICMP errors, ping
    428 //   replies, SYN-ACKs, etc).
    429 // + Mark sockets that accept connections from this interface so that the connection stays on the
    430 //   same interface.
    431 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyIncomingPacketMark(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
    432                                                 Permission permission, bool add) {
    433     Fwmark fwmark;
    434 
    435     fwmark.netId = netId;
    436     fwmark.explicitlySelected = true;
    437     fwmark.protectedFromVpn = true;
    438     fwmark.permission = permission;
    439 
    440     std::string cmd = StringPrintf("%s %s -i %s -j MARK --set-mark 0x%x",
    441                                    add ? "-A" : "-D", RouteController::LOCAL_MANGLE_INPUT,
    442                                    interface, fwmark.intValue);
    443     if (RouteController::iptablesRestoreCommandFunction(V4V6, "mangle", cmd, nullptr) != 0) {
    444         ALOGE("failed to change iptables rule that sets incoming packet mark");
    445         return -EREMOTEIO;
    446     }
    447 
    448     return 0;
    449 }
    450 
    451 // A rule to route responses to the local network forwarded via the VPN.
    452 //
    453 // When a VPN is in effect, packets from the local network to upstream networks are forwarded into
    454 // the VPN's tunnel interface. When the VPN forwards the responses, they emerge out of the tunnel.
    455 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyVpnOutputToLocalRule(const char* vpnInterface, bool add) {
    456     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OUTPUT_TO_LOCAL,
    457                         ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK, MARK_UNSET, MARK_UNSET, vpnInterface, OIF_NONE,
    458                         INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID);
    459 }
    460 
    461 // A rule to route all traffic from a given set of UIDs to go over the VPN.
    462 //
    463 // Notice that this rule doesn't use the netId. I.e., no matter what netId the user's socket may
    464 // have, if they are subject to this VPN, their traffic has to go through it. Allows the traffic to
    465 // bypass the VPN if the protectedFromVpn bit is set.
    466 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyVpnUidRangeRule(uint32_t table, uid_t uidStart, uid_t uidEnd,
    467                                              bool secure, bool add) {
    468     Fwmark fwmark;
    469     Fwmark mask;
    470 
    471     fwmark.protectedFromVpn = false;
    472     mask.protectedFromVpn = true;
    473 
    474     uint32_t priority;
    475 
    476     if (secure) {
    477         priority = RULE_PRIORITY_SECURE_VPN;
    478     } else {
    479         priority = RULE_PRIORITY_BYPASSABLE_VPN;
    480 
    481         fwmark.explicitlySelected = false;
    482         mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    483     }
    484 
    485     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, priority, table, fwmark.intValue,
    486                         mask.intValue, IIF_LOOPBACK, OIF_NONE, uidStart, uidEnd);
    487 }
    488 
    489 // A rule to allow system apps to send traffic over this VPN even if they are not part of the target
    490 // set of UIDs.
    491 //
    492 // This is needed for DnsProxyListener to correctly resolve a request for a user who is in the
    493 // target set, but where the DnsProxyListener itself is not.
    494 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyVpnSystemPermissionRule(unsigned netId, uint32_t table, bool secure,
    495                                                      bool add) {
    496     Fwmark fwmark;
    497     Fwmark mask;
    498 
    499     fwmark.netId = netId;
    500     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    501 
    502     fwmark.permission = PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
    503     mask.permission = PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
    504 
    505     uint32_t priority = secure ? RULE_PRIORITY_SECURE_VPN : RULE_PRIORITY_BYPASSABLE_VPN;
    506 
    507     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, priority, table, fwmark.intValue,
    508                         mask.intValue);
    509 }
    510 
    511 // A rule to route traffic based on an explicitly chosen network.
    512 //
    513 // Supports apps that use the multinetwork APIs to restrict their traffic to a network.
    514 //
    515 // Even though we check permissions at the time we set a netId into the fwmark of a socket, we need
    516 // to check it again in the rules here, because a network's permissions may have been updated via
    517 // modifyNetworkPermission().
    518 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyExplicitNetworkRule(unsigned netId, uint32_t table,
    519                                                  Permission permission, uid_t uidStart,
    520                                                  uid_t uidEnd, bool add) {
    521     Fwmark fwmark;
    522     Fwmark mask;
    523 
    524     fwmark.netId = netId;
    525     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    526 
    527     fwmark.explicitlySelected = true;
    528     mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    529 
    530     fwmark.permission = permission;
    531     mask.permission = permission;
    532 
    533     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_EXPLICIT_NETWORK, table,
    534                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue, IIF_NONE, OIF_NONE, uidStart, uidEnd);
    535 }
    536 
    537 // A rule to route traffic based on a chosen outgoing interface.
    538 //
    539 // Supports apps that use SO_BINDTODEVICE or IP_PKTINFO options and the kernel that already knows
    540 // the outgoing interface (typically for link-local communications).
    541 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyOutputInterfaceRules(const char* interface, uint32_t table,
    542                                                   Permission permission, uid_t uidStart,
    543                                                   uid_t uidEnd, bool add) {
    544     Fwmark fwmark;
    545     Fwmark mask;
    546 
    547     fwmark.permission = permission;
    548     mask.permission = permission;
    549 
    550     // If this rule does not specify a UID range, then also add a corresponding high-priority rule
    551     // for UID. This covers forwarded packets and system daemons such as the tethering DHCP server.
    552     if (uidStart == INVALID_UID && uidEnd == INVALID_UID) {
    553         if (int ret = modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OVERRIDE_OIF,
    554                                    table, fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue, IIF_NONE, interface,
    555                                    UID_ROOT, UID_ROOT)) {
    556             return ret;
    557         }
    558     }
    559 
    560     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_OUTPUT_INTERFACE, table,
    561                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue, IIF_NONE, interface, uidStart, uidEnd);
    562 }
    563 
    564 // A rule to route traffic based on the chosen network.
    565 //
    566 // This is for sockets that have not explicitly requested a particular network, but have been
    567 // bound to one when they called connect(). This ensures that sockets connected on a particular
    568 // network stay on that network even if the default network changes.
    569 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyImplicitNetworkRule(unsigned netId, uint32_t table, bool add) {
    570     Fwmark fwmark;
    571     Fwmark mask;
    572 
    573     fwmark.netId = netId;
    574     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    575 
    576     fwmark.explicitlySelected = false;
    577     mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    578 
    579     fwmark.permission = PERMISSION_NONE;
    580     mask.permission = PERMISSION_NONE;
    581 
    582     return modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_IMPLICIT_NETWORK, table,
    583                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue);
    584 }
    585 
    586 // A rule to enable split tunnel VPNs.
    587 //
    588 // If a packet with a VPN's netId doesn't find a route in the VPN's routing table, it's allowed to
    589 // go over the default network, provided it wasn't explicitly restricted to the VPN and has the
    590 // permissions required by the default network.
    591 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyVpnFallthroughRule(uint16_t action, unsigned vpnNetId,
    592                                                 const char* physicalInterface,
    593                                                 Permission permission) {
    594     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(physicalInterface);
    595     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    596         return -ESRCH;
    597     }
    598 
    599     Fwmark fwmark;
    600     Fwmark mask;
    601 
    602     fwmark.netId = vpnNetId;
    603     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    604 
    605     fwmark.explicitlySelected = false;
    606     mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    607 
    608     fwmark.permission = permission;
    609     mask.permission = permission;
    610 
    611     return modifyIpRule(action, RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_FALLTHROUGH, table, fwmark.intValue,
    612                         mask.intValue);
    613 }
    614 
    615 // Add rules to allow legacy routes added through the requestRouteToHost() API.
    616 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int addLegacyRouteRules() {
    617     Fwmark fwmark;
    618     Fwmark mask;
    619 
    620     fwmark.explicitlySelected = false;
    621     mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    622 
    623     // Rules to allow legacy routes to override the default network.
    624     if (int ret = modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_LEGACY_SYSTEM, ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_SYSTEM,
    625                                fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue)) {
    626         return ret;
    627     }
    628     if (int ret = modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_LEGACY_NETWORK,
    629                                ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_NETWORK, fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue)) {
    630         return ret;
    631     }
    632 
    633     fwmark.permission = PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
    634     mask.permission = PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
    635 
    636     // A rule to allow legacy routes from system apps to override VPNs.
    637     return modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_VPN_OVERRIDE_SYSTEM, ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_SYSTEM,
    638                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue);
    639 }
    640 
    641 // Add rules to lookup the local network when specified explicitly or otherwise.
    642 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int addLocalNetworkRules(unsigned localNetId) {
    643     if (int ret = modifyExplicitNetworkRule(localNetId, ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK, PERMISSION_NONE,
    644                                             INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID, ACTION_ADD)) {
    645         return ret;
    646     }
    647 
    648     Fwmark fwmark;
    649     Fwmark mask;
    650 
    651     fwmark.explicitlySelected = false;
    652     mask.explicitlySelected = true;
    653 
    654     return modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_LOCAL_NETWORK, ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK,
    655                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue);
    656 }
    657 
    658 int configureDummyNetwork() {
    659     const char *interface = DummyNetwork::INTERFACE_NAME;
    660     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    661     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    662         // getRouteTableForInterface has already looged an error.
    663         return -ESRCH;
    664     }
    665 
    666     ifc_init();
    667     int ret = ifc_up(interface);
    668     ifc_close();
    669     if (ret) {
    670         ALOGE("Can't bring up %s: %s", interface, strerror(errno));
    671         return -errno;
    672     }
    673 
    674     if ((ret = modifyOutputInterfaceRules(interface, table, PERMISSION_NONE,
    675                                           INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID, ACTION_ADD))) {
    676         ALOGE("Can't create oif rules for %s: %s", interface, strerror(-ret));
    677         return ret;
    678     }
    679 
    680     if ((ret = modifyIpRoute(RTM_NEWROUTE, table, interface, "0.0.0.0/0", NULL))) {
    681         return ret;
    682     }
    683 
    684     if ((ret = modifyIpRoute(RTM_NEWROUTE, table, interface, "::/0", NULL))) {
    685         return ret;
    686     }
    687 
    688     return 0;
    689 }
    690 
    691 // Add a new rule to look up the 'main' table, with the same selectors as the "default network"
    692 // rule, but with a lower priority. We will never create routes in the main table; it should only be
    693 // used for directly-connected routes implicitly created by the kernel when adding IP addresses.
    694 // This is necessary, for example, when adding a route through a directly-connected gateway: in
    695 // order to add the route, there must already be a directly-connected route that covers the gateway.
    696 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int addDirectlyConnectedRule() {
    697     Fwmark fwmark;
    698     Fwmark mask;
    699 
    700     fwmark.netId = NETID_UNSET;
    701     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    702 
    703     return modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_DIRECTLY_CONNECTED, RT_TABLE_MAIN,
    704                         fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue, IIF_NONE, OIF_NONE, UID_ROOT, UID_ROOT);
    705 }
    706 
    707 // Add an explicit unreachable rule close to the end of the prioriy list to make it clear that
    708 // relying on the kernel-default "from all lookup main" rule at priority 32766 is not intended
    709 // behaviour. We do flush the kernel-default rules at startup, but having an explicit unreachable
    710 // rule will hopefully make things even clearer.
    711 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int addUnreachableRule() {
    712     return modifyIpRule(RTM_NEWRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_UNREACHABLE, FR_ACT_UNREACHABLE, RT_TABLE_UNSPEC,
    713                         MARK_UNSET, MARK_UNSET, IIF_NONE, OIF_NONE, INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID);
    714 }
    715 
    716 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyLocalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface, bool add) {
    717     if (int ret = modifyIncomingPacketMark(netId, interface, PERMISSION_NONE, add)) {
    718         return ret;
    719     }
    720     return modifyOutputInterfaceRules(interface, ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK, PERMISSION_NONE,
    721                                       INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID, add);
    722 }
    723 
    724 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyPhysicalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
    725                                              Permission permission, bool add) {
    726     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    727     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    728         return -ESRCH;
    729     }
    730 
    731     if (int ret = modifyIncomingPacketMark(netId, interface, permission, add)) {
    732         return ret;
    733     }
    734     if (int ret = modifyExplicitNetworkRule(netId, table, permission, INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID,
    735                                             add)) {
    736         return ret;
    737     }
    738     if (int ret = modifyOutputInterfaceRules(interface, table, permission, INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID,
    739                                             add)) {
    740         return ret;
    741     }
    742 
    743     // Only set implicit rules for networks that don't require permissions.
    744     //
    745     // This is so that if the default network ceases to be the default network and then switches
    746     // from requiring no permissions to requiring permissions, we ensure that apps only use the
    747     // network if they explicitly select it. This is consistent with destroySocketsLackingPermission
    748     // - it closes all sockets on the network except sockets that are explicitly selected.
    749     //
    750     // The lack of this rule only affects the special case above, because:
    751     // - The only cases where we implicitly bind a socket to a network are the default network and
    752     //   the bypassable VPN that applies to the app, if any.
    753     // - This rule doesn't affect VPNs because they don't support permissions at all.
    754     // - The default network doesn't require permissions. While we support doing this, the framework
    755     //   never does it (partly because we'd end up in the situation where we tell apps that there is
    756     //   a default network, but they can't use it).
    757     // - If the network is still the default network, the presence or absence of this rule does not
    758     //   matter.
    759     //
    760     // Therefore, for the lack of this rule to affect a socket, the socket has to have been
    761     // implicitly bound to a network because at the time of connect() it was the default, and that
    762     // network must no longer be the default, and must now require permissions.
    763     if (permission == PERMISSION_NONE) {
    764         return modifyImplicitNetworkRule(netId, table, add);
    765     }
    766     return 0;
    767 }
    768 
    769 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyRejectNonSecureNetworkRule(const UidRanges& uidRanges, bool add) {
    770     Fwmark fwmark;
    771     Fwmark mask;
    772     fwmark.protectedFromVpn = false;
    773     mask.protectedFromVpn = true;
    774 
    775     for (const UidRange& range : uidRanges.getRanges()) {
    776         if (int ret = modifyIpRule(add ? RTM_NEWRULE : RTM_DELRULE,
    777                                    RULE_PRIORITY_PROHIBIT_NON_VPN, FR_ACT_PROHIBIT, RT_TABLE_UNSPEC,
    778                                    fwmark.intValue, mask.intValue, IIF_LOOPBACK, OIF_NONE,
    779                                    range.getStart(), range.getStop())) {
    780             return ret;
    781         }
    782     }
    783 
    784     return 0;
    785 }
    786 
    787 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyVirtualNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
    788                                             const UidRanges& uidRanges, bool secure, bool add,
    789                                             bool modifyNonUidBasedRules) {
    790     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    791     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    792         return -ESRCH;
    793     }
    794 
    795     for (const UidRange& range : uidRanges.getRanges()) {
    796         if (int ret = modifyVpnUidRangeRule(table, range.getStart(), range.getStop(), secure, add))
    797                 {
    798             return ret;
    799         }
    800         if (int ret = modifyExplicitNetworkRule(netId, table, PERMISSION_NONE, range.getStart(),
    801                                                 range.getStop(), add)) {
    802             return ret;
    803         }
    804         if (int ret = modifyOutputInterfaceRules(interface, table, PERMISSION_NONE,
    805                                                  range.getStart(), range.getStop(), add)) {
    806             return ret;
    807         }
    808     }
    809 
    810     if (modifyNonUidBasedRules) {
    811         if (int ret = modifyIncomingPacketMark(netId, interface, PERMISSION_NONE, add)) {
    812             return ret;
    813         }
    814         if (int ret = modifyVpnOutputToLocalRule(interface, add)) {
    815             return ret;
    816         }
    817         if (int ret = modifyVpnSystemPermissionRule(netId, table, secure, add)) {
    818             return ret;
    819         }
    820         return modifyExplicitNetworkRule(netId, table, PERMISSION_NONE, UID_ROOT, UID_ROOT, add);
    821     }
    822 
    823     return 0;
    824 }
    825 
    826 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyDefaultNetwork(uint16_t action, const char* interface,
    827                                             Permission permission) {
    828     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    829     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    830         return -ESRCH;
    831     }
    832 
    833     Fwmark fwmark;
    834     Fwmark mask;
    835 
    836     fwmark.netId = NETID_UNSET;
    837     mask.netId = FWMARK_NET_ID_MASK;
    838 
    839     fwmark.permission = permission;
    840     mask.permission = permission;
    841 
    842     return modifyIpRule(action, RULE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT_NETWORK, table, fwmark.intValue,
    843                         mask.intValue);
    844 }
    845 
    846 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyTetheredNetwork(uint16_t action, const char* inputInterface,
    847                                              const char* outputInterface) {
    848     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(outputInterface);
    849     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    850         return -ESRCH;
    851     }
    852 
    853     return modifyIpRule(action, RULE_PRIORITY_TETHERING, table, MARK_UNSET, MARK_UNSET,
    854                         inputInterface, OIF_NONE, INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID);
    855 }
    856 
    857 // Adds or removes an IPv4 or IPv6 route to the specified table and, if it's a directly-connected
    858 // route, to the main table as well.
    859 // Returns 0 on success or negative errno on failure.
    860 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int modifyRoute(uint16_t action, const char* interface, const char* destination,
    861                                    const char* nexthop, RouteController::TableType tableType) {
    862     uint32_t table;
    863     switch (tableType) {
    864         case RouteController::INTERFACE: {
    865             table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    866             if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    867                 return -ESRCH;
    868             }
    869             break;
    870         }
    871         case RouteController::LOCAL_NETWORK: {
    872             table = ROUTE_TABLE_LOCAL_NETWORK;
    873             break;
    874         }
    875         case RouteController::LEGACY_NETWORK: {
    876             table = ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_NETWORK;
    877             break;
    878         }
    879         case RouteController::LEGACY_SYSTEM: {
    880             table = ROUTE_TABLE_LEGACY_SYSTEM;
    881             break;
    882         }
    883     }
    884 
    885     int ret = modifyIpRoute(action, table, interface, destination, nexthop);
    886     // Trying to add a route that already exists shouldn't cause an error.
    887     if (ret && !(action == RTM_NEWROUTE && ret == -EEXIST)) {
    888         return ret;
    889     }
    890 
    891     return 0;
    892 }
    893 
    894 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int clearTetheringRules(const char* inputInterface) {
    895     int ret = 0;
    896     while (ret == 0) {
    897         ret = modifyIpRule(RTM_DELRULE, RULE_PRIORITY_TETHERING, 0, MARK_UNSET, MARK_UNSET,
    898                            inputInterface, OIF_NONE, INVALID_UID, INVALID_UID);
    899     }
    900 
    901     if (ret == -ENOENT) {
    902         return 0;
    903     } else {
    904         return ret;
    905     }
    906 }
    907 
    908 uint32_t getRulePriority(const nlmsghdr *nlh) {
    909     return getRtmU32Attribute(nlh, FRA_PRIORITY);
    910 }
    911 
    912 uint32_t getRouteTable(const nlmsghdr *nlh) {
    913     return getRtmU32Attribute(nlh, RTA_TABLE);
    914 }
    915 
    916 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int flushRules() {
    917     NetlinkDumpFilter shouldDelete = [] (nlmsghdr *nlh) {
    918         // Don't touch rules at priority 0 because by default they are used for local input.
    919         return getRulePriority(nlh) != 0;
    920     };
    921     return rtNetlinkFlush(RTM_GETRULE, RTM_DELRULE, "rules", shouldDelete);
    922 }
    923 
    924 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int flushRoutes(uint32_t table) {
    925     NetlinkDumpFilter shouldDelete = [table] (nlmsghdr *nlh) {
    926         return getRouteTable(nlh) == table;
    927     };
    928 
    929     return rtNetlinkFlush(RTM_GETROUTE, RTM_DELROUTE, "routes", shouldDelete);
    930 }
    931 
    932 // Returns 0 on success or negative errno on failure.
    933 WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int flushRoutes(const char* interface) {
    934     uint32_t table = getRouteTableForInterface(interface);
    935     if (table == RT_TABLE_UNSPEC) {
    936         return -ESRCH;
    937     }
    938 
    939     int ret = flushRoutes(table);
    940 
    941     // If we failed to flush routes, the caller may elect to keep this interface around, so keep
    942     // track of its name.
    943     if (ret == 0) {
    944         interfaceToTable.erase(interface);
    945     }
    946 
    947     return ret;
    948 }
    949 
    950 int RouteController::Init(unsigned localNetId) {
    951     if (int ret = flushRules()) {
    952         return ret;
    953     }
    954     if (int ret = addLegacyRouteRules()) {
    955         return ret;
    956     }
    957     if (int ret = addLocalNetworkRules(localNetId)) {
    958         return ret;
    959     }
    960     if (int ret = addDirectlyConnectedRule()) {
    961         return ret;
    962     }
    963     if (int ret = addUnreachableRule()) {
    964         return ret;
    965     }
    966     // Don't complain if we can't add the dummy network, since not all devices support it.
    967     configureDummyNetwork();
    968 
    969     updateTableNamesFile();
    970     return 0;
    971 }
    972 
    973 int RouteController::addInterfaceToLocalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface) {
    974     return modifyLocalNetwork(netId, interface, ACTION_ADD);
    975 }
    976 
    977 int RouteController::removeInterfaceFromLocalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface) {
    978     return modifyLocalNetwork(netId, interface, ACTION_DEL);
    979 }
    980 
    981 int RouteController::addInterfaceToPhysicalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
    982                                                    Permission permission) {
    983     if (int ret = modifyPhysicalNetwork(netId, interface, permission, ACTION_ADD)) {
    984         return ret;
    985     }
    986     updateTableNamesFile();
    987     return 0;
    988 }
    989 
    990 int RouteController::removeInterfaceFromPhysicalNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
    991                                                         Permission permission) {
    992     if (int ret = modifyPhysicalNetwork(netId, interface, permission, ACTION_DEL)) {
    993         return ret;
    994     }
    995     if (int ret = flushRoutes(interface)) {
    996         return ret;
    997     }
    998     if (int ret = clearTetheringRules(interface)) {
    999         return ret;
   1000     }
   1001     updateTableNamesFile();
   1002     return 0;
   1003 }
   1004 
   1005 int RouteController::addInterfaceToVirtualNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
   1006                                                   bool secure, const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1007     if (int ret = modifyVirtualNetwork(netId, interface, uidRanges, secure, ACTION_ADD,
   1008                                        MODIFY_NON_UID_BASED_RULES)) {
   1009         return ret;
   1010     }
   1011     updateTableNamesFile();
   1012     return 0;
   1013 }
   1014 
   1015 int RouteController::removeInterfaceFromVirtualNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
   1016                                                        bool secure, const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1017     if (int ret = modifyVirtualNetwork(netId, interface, uidRanges, secure, ACTION_DEL,
   1018                                        MODIFY_NON_UID_BASED_RULES)) {
   1019         return ret;
   1020     }
   1021     if (int ret = flushRoutes(interface)) {
   1022         return ret;
   1023     }
   1024     updateTableNamesFile();
   1025     return 0;
   1026 }
   1027 
   1028 int RouteController::modifyPhysicalNetworkPermission(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
   1029                                                      Permission oldPermission,
   1030                                                      Permission newPermission) {
   1031     // Add the new rules before deleting the old ones, to avoid race conditions.
   1032     if (int ret = modifyPhysicalNetwork(netId, interface, newPermission, ACTION_ADD)) {
   1033         return ret;
   1034     }
   1035     return modifyPhysicalNetwork(netId, interface, oldPermission, ACTION_DEL);
   1036 }
   1037 
   1038 int RouteController::addUsersToRejectNonSecureNetworkRule(const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1039     return modifyRejectNonSecureNetworkRule(uidRanges, true);
   1040 }
   1041 
   1042 int RouteController::removeUsersFromRejectNonSecureNetworkRule(const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1043     return modifyRejectNonSecureNetworkRule(uidRanges, false);
   1044 }
   1045 
   1046 int RouteController::addUsersToVirtualNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface, bool secure,
   1047                                               const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1048     return modifyVirtualNetwork(netId, interface, uidRanges, secure, ACTION_ADD,
   1049                                 !MODIFY_NON_UID_BASED_RULES);
   1050 }
   1051 
   1052 int RouteController::removeUsersFromVirtualNetwork(unsigned netId, const char* interface,
   1053                                                    bool secure, const UidRanges& uidRanges) {
   1054     return modifyVirtualNetwork(netId, interface, uidRanges, secure, ACTION_DEL,
   1055                                 !MODIFY_NON_UID_BASED_RULES);
   1056 }
   1057 
   1058 int RouteController::addInterfaceToDefaultNetwork(const char* interface, Permission permission) {
   1059     return modifyDefaultNetwork(RTM_NEWRULE, interface, permission);
   1060 }
   1061 
   1062 int RouteController::removeInterfaceFromDefaultNetwork(const char* interface,
   1063                                                        Permission permission) {
   1064     return modifyDefaultNetwork(RTM_DELRULE, interface, permission);
   1065 }
   1066 
   1067 int RouteController::addRoute(const char* interface, const char* destination, const char* nexthop,
   1068                               TableType tableType) {
   1069     return modifyRoute(RTM_NEWROUTE, interface, destination, nexthop, tableType);
   1070 }
   1071 
   1072 int RouteController::removeRoute(const char* interface, const char* destination,
   1073                                  const char* nexthop, TableType tableType) {
   1074     return modifyRoute(RTM_DELROUTE, interface, destination, nexthop, tableType);
   1075 }
   1076 
   1077 int RouteController::enableTethering(const char* inputInterface, const char* outputInterface) {
   1078     return modifyTetheredNetwork(RTM_NEWRULE, inputInterface, outputInterface);
   1079 }
   1080 
   1081 int RouteController::disableTethering(const char* inputInterface, const char* outputInterface) {
   1082     return modifyTetheredNetwork(RTM_DELRULE, inputInterface, outputInterface);
   1083 }
   1084 
   1085 int RouteController::addVirtualNetworkFallthrough(unsigned vpnNetId, const char* physicalInterface,
   1086                                                   Permission permission) {
   1087     return modifyVpnFallthroughRule(RTM_NEWRULE, vpnNetId, physicalInterface, permission);
   1088 }
   1089 
   1090 int RouteController::removeVirtualNetworkFallthrough(unsigned vpnNetId,
   1091                                                      const char* physicalInterface,
   1092                                                      Permission permission) {
   1093     return modifyVpnFallthroughRule(RTM_DELRULE, vpnNetId, physicalInterface, permission);
   1094 }
   1095 
   1096 }  // namespace net
   1097 }  // namespace android
   1098