1 /************************************************************************** 2 * 3 * Copyright 2009 VMware, Inc. 4 * All Rights Reserved. 5 * 6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a 7 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 8 * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including 9 * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, 10 * distribute, sub license, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to 11 * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to 12 * the following conditions: 13 * 14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the 15 * next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions 16 * of the Software. 17 * 18 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS 19 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF 20 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. 21 * IN NO EVENT SHALL VMWARE AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR 22 * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, 23 * TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE 24 * SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. 25 * 26 **************************************************************************/ 27 28 29 #include "pipe/p_config.h" 30 #include "pipe/p_compiler.h" 31 #include "util/u_cpu_detect.h" 32 #include "util/u_debug.h" 33 #include "util/u_memory.h" 34 #include "util/simple_list.h" 35 #include "os/os_time.h" 36 #include "lp_bld.h" 37 #include "lp_bld_debug.h" 38 #include "lp_bld_misc.h" 39 #include "lp_bld_init.h" 40 41 #include <llvm-c/Analysis.h> 42 #include <llvm-c/Transforms/Scalar.h> 43 #include <llvm-c/BitWriter.h> 44 45 46 /* Only MCJIT is available as of LLVM SVN r216982 */ 47 #if HAVE_LLVM >= 0x0306 48 # define USE_MCJIT 1 49 #elif defined(PIPE_ARCH_PPC_64) || defined(PIPE_ARCH_S390) || defined(PIPE_ARCH_ARM) || defined(PIPE_ARCH_AARCH64) 50 # define USE_MCJIT 1 51 #endif 52 53 #if defined(USE_MCJIT) 54 static const bool use_mcjit = USE_MCJIT; 55 #else 56 static bool use_mcjit = FALSE; 57 #endif 58 59 60 #ifdef DEBUG 61 unsigned gallivm_debug = 0; 62 63 static const struct debug_named_value lp_bld_debug_flags[] = { 64 { "tgsi", GALLIVM_DEBUG_TGSI, NULL }, 65 { "ir", GALLIVM_DEBUG_IR, NULL }, 66 { "asm", GALLIVM_DEBUG_ASM, NULL }, 67 { "nopt", GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_OPT, NULL }, 68 { "perf", GALLIVM_DEBUG_PERF, NULL }, 69 { "no_brilinear", GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_BRILINEAR, NULL }, 70 { "no_rho_approx", GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_RHO_APPROX, NULL }, 71 { "no_quad_lod", GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_QUAD_LOD, NULL }, 72 { "gc", GALLIVM_DEBUG_GC, NULL }, 73 { "dumpbc", GALLIVM_DEBUG_DUMP_BC, NULL }, 74 DEBUG_NAMED_VALUE_END 75 }; 76 77 DEBUG_GET_ONCE_FLAGS_OPTION(gallivm_debug, "GALLIVM_DEBUG", lp_bld_debug_flags, 0) 78 #endif 79 80 81 static boolean gallivm_initialized = FALSE; 82 83 unsigned lp_native_vector_width; 84 85 86 /* 87 * Optimization values are: 88 * - 0: None (-O0) 89 * - 1: Less (-O1) 90 * - 2: Default (-O2, -Os) 91 * - 3: Aggressive (-O3) 92 * 93 * See also CodeGenOpt::Level in llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h 94 */ 95 enum LLVM_CodeGenOpt_Level { 96 None, // -O0 97 Less, // -O1 98 Default, // -O2, -Os 99 Aggressive // -O3 100 }; 101 102 103 /** 104 * Create the LLVM (optimization) pass manager and install 105 * relevant optimization passes. 106 * \return TRUE for success, FALSE for failure 107 */ 108 static boolean 109 create_pass_manager(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 110 { 111 assert(!gallivm->passmgr); 112 assert(gallivm->target); 113 114 gallivm->passmgr = LLVMCreateFunctionPassManagerForModule(gallivm->module); 115 if (!gallivm->passmgr) 116 return FALSE; 117 /* 118 * TODO: some per module pass manager with IPO passes might be helpful - 119 * the generated texture functions may benefit from inlining if they are 120 * simple, or constant propagation into them, etc. 121 */ 122 123 #if HAVE_LLVM < 0x0309 124 // Old versions of LLVM get the DataLayout from the pass manager. 125 LLVMAddTargetData(gallivm->target, gallivm->passmgr); 126 #endif 127 128 /* Setting the module's DataLayout to an empty string will cause the 129 * ExecutionEngine to copy to the DataLayout string from its target 130 * machine to the module. As of LLVM 3.8 the module and the execution 131 * engine are required to have the same DataLayout. 132 * 133 * TODO: This is just a temporary work-around. The correct solution is 134 * for gallivm_init_state() to create a TargetMachine and pull the 135 * DataLayout from there. Currently, the TargetMachine used by llvmpipe 136 * is being implicitly created by the EngineBuilder in 137 * lp_build_create_jit_compiler_for_module() 138 */ 139 140 #if HAVE_LLVM < 0x0308 141 { 142 char *td_str; 143 // New ones from the Module. 144 td_str = LLVMCopyStringRepOfTargetData(gallivm->target); 145 LLVMSetDataLayout(gallivm->module, td_str); 146 free(td_str); 147 } 148 #else 149 LLVMSetDataLayout(gallivm->module, ""); 150 #endif 151 152 if ((gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_OPT) == 0) { 153 /* These are the passes currently listed in llvm-c/Transforms/Scalar.h, 154 * but there are more on SVN. 155 * TODO: Add more passes. 156 */ 157 LLVMAddScalarReplAggregatesPass(gallivm->passmgr); 158 LLVMAddLICMPass(gallivm->passmgr); 159 LLVMAddCFGSimplificationPass(gallivm->passmgr); 160 LLVMAddReassociatePass(gallivm->passmgr); 161 LLVMAddPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass(gallivm->passmgr); 162 LLVMAddConstantPropagationPass(gallivm->passmgr); 163 LLVMAddInstructionCombiningPass(gallivm->passmgr); 164 LLVMAddGVNPass(gallivm->passmgr); 165 } 166 else { 167 /* We need at least this pass to prevent the backends to fail in 168 * unexpected ways. 169 */ 170 LLVMAddPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass(gallivm->passmgr); 171 } 172 173 return TRUE; 174 } 175 176 177 /** 178 * Free gallivm object's LLVM allocations, but not any generated code 179 * nor the gallivm object itself. 180 */ 181 void 182 gallivm_free_ir(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 183 { 184 if (gallivm->passmgr) { 185 LLVMDisposePassManager(gallivm->passmgr); 186 } 187 188 if (gallivm->engine) { 189 /* This will already destroy any associated module */ 190 LLVMDisposeExecutionEngine(gallivm->engine); 191 } else if (gallivm->module) { 192 LLVMDisposeModule(gallivm->module); 193 } 194 195 FREE(gallivm->module_name); 196 197 if (!use_mcjit) { 198 /* Don't free the TargetData, it's owned by the exec engine */ 199 } else { 200 if (gallivm->target) { 201 LLVMDisposeTargetData(gallivm->target); 202 } 203 } 204 205 if (gallivm->builder) 206 LLVMDisposeBuilder(gallivm->builder); 207 208 /* The LLVMContext should be owned by the parent of gallivm. */ 209 210 gallivm->engine = NULL; 211 gallivm->target = NULL; 212 gallivm->module = NULL; 213 gallivm->module_name = NULL; 214 gallivm->passmgr = NULL; 215 gallivm->context = NULL; 216 gallivm->builder = NULL; 217 } 218 219 220 /** 221 * Free LLVM-generated code. Should be done AFTER gallivm_free_ir(). 222 */ 223 static void 224 gallivm_free_code(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 225 { 226 assert(!gallivm->module); 227 assert(!gallivm->engine); 228 lp_free_generated_code(gallivm->code); 229 gallivm->code = NULL; 230 lp_free_memory_manager(gallivm->memorymgr); 231 gallivm->memorymgr = NULL; 232 } 233 234 235 static boolean 236 init_gallivm_engine(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 237 { 238 if (1) { 239 enum LLVM_CodeGenOpt_Level optlevel; 240 char *error = NULL; 241 int ret; 242 243 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_NO_OPT) { 244 optlevel = None; 245 } 246 else { 247 optlevel = Default; 248 } 249 250 ret = lp_build_create_jit_compiler_for_module(&gallivm->engine, 251 &gallivm->code, 252 gallivm->module, 253 gallivm->memorymgr, 254 (unsigned) optlevel, 255 use_mcjit, 256 &error); 257 if (ret) { 258 _debug_printf("%s\n", error); 259 LLVMDisposeMessage(error); 260 goto fail; 261 } 262 } 263 264 if (!use_mcjit) { 265 gallivm->target = LLVMGetExecutionEngineTargetData(gallivm->engine); 266 if (!gallivm->target) 267 goto fail; 268 } else { 269 if (0) { 270 /* 271 * Dump the data layout strings. 272 */ 273 274 LLVMTargetDataRef target = LLVMGetExecutionEngineTargetData(gallivm->engine); 275 char *data_layout; 276 char *engine_data_layout; 277 278 data_layout = LLVMCopyStringRepOfTargetData(gallivm->target); 279 engine_data_layout = LLVMCopyStringRepOfTargetData(target); 280 281 if (1) { 282 debug_printf("module target data = %s\n", data_layout); 283 debug_printf("engine target data = %s\n", engine_data_layout); 284 } 285 286 free(data_layout); 287 free(engine_data_layout); 288 } 289 } 290 291 return TRUE; 292 293 fail: 294 return FALSE; 295 } 296 297 298 /** 299 * Allocate gallivm LLVM objects. 300 * \return TRUE for success, FALSE for failure 301 */ 302 static boolean 303 init_gallivm_state(struct gallivm_state *gallivm, const char *name, 304 LLVMContextRef context) 305 { 306 assert(!gallivm->context); 307 assert(!gallivm->module); 308 309 if (!lp_build_init()) 310 return FALSE; 311 312 gallivm->context = context; 313 314 if (!gallivm->context) 315 goto fail; 316 317 gallivm->module_name = NULL; 318 if (name) { 319 size_t size = strlen(name) + 1; 320 gallivm->module_name = MALLOC(size); 321 if (gallivm->module_name) { 322 memcpy(gallivm->module_name, name, size); 323 } 324 } 325 326 gallivm->module = LLVMModuleCreateWithNameInContext(name, 327 gallivm->context); 328 if (!gallivm->module) 329 goto fail; 330 331 gallivm->builder = LLVMCreateBuilderInContext(gallivm->context); 332 if (!gallivm->builder) 333 goto fail; 334 335 gallivm->memorymgr = lp_get_default_memory_manager(); 336 if (!gallivm->memorymgr) 337 goto fail; 338 339 /* FIXME: MC-JIT only allows compiling one module at a time, and it must be 340 * complete when MC-JIT is created. So defer the MC-JIT engine creation for 341 * now. 342 */ 343 if (!use_mcjit) { 344 if (!init_gallivm_engine(gallivm)) { 345 goto fail; 346 } 347 } else { 348 /* 349 * MC-JIT engine compiles the module immediately on creation, so we can't 350 * obtain the target data from it. Instead we create a target data layout 351 * from a string. 352 * 353 * The produced layout strings are not precisely the same, but should make 354 * no difference for the kind of optimization passes we run. 355 * 356 * For reference this is the layout string on x64: 357 * 358 * e-p:64:64:64-S128-i1:8:8-i8:8:8-i16:16:16-i32:32:32-i64:64:64-f16:16:16-f32:32:32-f64:64:64-v64:64:64-v128:128:128-a0:0:64-s0:64:64-f80:128:128-f128:128:128-n8:16:32:64 359 * 360 * See also: 361 * - http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#datalayout 362 */ 363 364 { 365 const unsigned pointer_size = 8 * sizeof(void *); 366 char layout[512]; 367 util_snprintf(layout, sizeof layout, "%c-p:%u:%u:%u-i64:64:64-a0:0:%u-s0:%u:%u", 368 #ifdef PIPE_ARCH_LITTLE_ENDIAN 369 'e', // little endian 370 #else 371 'E', // big endian 372 #endif 373 pointer_size, pointer_size, pointer_size, // pointer size, abi alignment, preferred alignment 374 pointer_size, // aggregate preferred alignment 375 pointer_size, pointer_size); // stack objects abi alignment, preferred alignment 376 377 gallivm->target = LLVMCreateTargetData(layout); 378 if (!gallivm->target) { 379 return FALSE; 380 } 381 } 382 } 383 384 if (!create_pass_manager(gallivm)) 385 goto fail; 386 387 return TRUE; 388 389 fail: 390 gallivm_free_ir(gallivm); 391 gallivm_free_code(gallivm); 392 return FALSE; 393 } 394 395 396 boolean 397 lp_build_init(void) 398 { 399 if (gallivm_initialized) 400 return TRUE; 401 402 403 /* LLVMLinkIn* are no-ops at runtime. They just ensure the respective 404 * component is linked at buildtime, which is sufficient for its static 405 * constructors to be called at load time. 406 */ 407 #if defined(USE_MCJIT) 408 # if USE_MCJIT 409 LLVMLinkInMCJIT(); 410 # else 411 LLVMLinkInJIT(); 412 # endif 413 #else 414 use_mcjit = debug_get_bool_option("GALLIVM_MCJIT", FALSE); 415 LLVMLinkInJIT(); 416 LLVMLinkInMCJIT(); 417 #endif 418 419 #ifdef DEBUG 420 gallivm_debug = debug_get_option_gallivm_debug(); 421 #endif 422 423 lp_set_target_options(); 424 425 util_cpu_detect(); 426 427 /* For simulating less capable machines */ 428 #ifdef DEBUG 429 if (debug_get_bool_option("LP_FORCE_SSE2", FALSE)) { 430 assert(util_cpu_caps.has_sse2); 431 util_cpu_caps.has_sse3 = 0; 432 util_cpu_caps.has_ssse3 = 0; 433 util_cpu_caps.has_sse4_1 = 0; 434 util_cpu_caps.has_sse4_2 = 0; 435 util_cpu_caps.has_avx = 0; 436 util_cpu_caps.has_avx2 = 0; 437 util_cpu_caps.has_f16c = 0; 438 util_cpu_caps.has_fma = 0; 439 } 440 #endif 441 442 /* AMD Bulldozer AVX's throughput is the same as SSE2; and because using 443 * 8-wide vector needs more floating ops than 4-wide (due to padding), it is 444 * actually more efficient to use 4-wide vectors on this processor. 445 * 446 * See also: 447 * - http://www.anandtech.com/show/4955/the-bulldozer-review-amd-fx8150-tested/2 448 */ 449 if (util_cpu_caps.has_avx && 450 util_cpu_caps.has_intel) { 451 lp_native_vector_width = 256; 452 } else { 453 /* Leave it at 128, even when no SIMD extensions are available. 454 * Really needs to be a multiple of 128 so can fit 4 floats. 455 */ 456 lp_native_vector_width = 128; 457 } 458 459 lp_native_vector_width = debug_get_num_option("LP_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH", 460 lp_native_vector_width); 461 462 if (lp_native_vector_width <= 128) { 463 /* Hide AVX support, as often LLVM AVX intrinsics are only guarded by 464 * "util_cpu_caps.has_avx" predicate, and lack the 465 * "lp_native_vector_width > 128" predicate. And also to ensure a more 466 * consistent behavior, allowing one to test SSE2 on AVX machines. 467 * XXX: should not play games with util_cpu_caps directly as it might 468 * get used for other things outside llvm too. 469 */ 470 util_cpu_caps.has_avx = 0; 471 util_cpu_caps.has_avx2 = 0; 472 util_cpu_caps.has_f16c = 0; 473 util_cpu_caps.has_fma = 0; 474 } 475 if (HAVE_LLVM < 0x0304 || !use_mcjit) { 476 /* AVX2 support has only been tested with LLVM 3.4, and it requires 477 * MCJIT. */ 478 util_cpu_caps.has_avx2 = 0; 479 } 480 481 #ifdef PIPE_ARCH_PPC_64 482 /* Set the NJ bit in VSCR to 0 so denormalized values are handled as 483 * specified by IEEE standard (PowerISA 2.06 - Section 6.3). This guarantees 484 * that some rounding and half-float to float handling does not round 485 * incorrectly to 0. 486 * XXX: should eventually follow same logic on all platforms. 487 * Right now denorms get explicitly disabled (but elsewhere) for x86, 488 * whereas ppc64 explicitly enables them... 489 */ 490 if (util_cpu_caps.has_altivec) { 491 unsigned short mask[] = { 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 492 0xFFFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF }; 493 __asm ( 494 "mfvscr %%v1\n" 495 "vand %0,%%v1,%0\n" 496 "mtvscr %0" 497 : 498 : "r" (*mask) 499 ); 500 } 501 #endif 502 503 gallivm_initialized = TRUE; 504 505 return TRUE; 506 } 507 508 509 510 /** 511 * Create a new gallivm_state object. 512 */ 513 struct gallivm_state * 514 gallivm_create(const char *name, LLVMContextRef context) 515 { 516 struct gallivm_state *gallivm; 517 518 gallivm = CALLOC_STRUCT(gallivm_state); 519 if (gallivm) { 520 if (!init_gallivm_state(gallivm, name, context)) { 521 FREE(gallivm); 522 gallivm = NULL; 523 } 524 } 525 526 return gallivm; 527 } 528 529 530 /** 531 * Destroy a gallivm_state object. 532 */ 533 void 534 gallivm_destroy(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 535 { 536 gallivm_free_ir(gallivm); 537 gallivm_free_code(gallivm); 538 FREE(gallivm); 539 } 540 541 542 /** 543 * Validate a function. 544 * Verification is only done with debug builds. 545 */ 546 void 547 gallivm_verify_function(struct gallivm_state *gallivm, 548 LLVMValueRef func) 549 { 550 /* Verify the LLVM IR. If invalid, dump and abort */ 551 #ifdef DEBUG 552 if (LLVMVerifyFunction(func, LLVMPrintMessageAction)) { 553 lp_debug_dump_value(func); 554 assert(0); 555 return; 556 } 557 #endif 558 559 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_IR) { 560 /* Print the LLVM IR to stderr */ 561 lp_debug_dump_value(func); 562 debug_printf("\n"); 563 } 564 } 565 566 567 /** 568 * Compile a module. 569 * This does IR optimization on all functions in the module. 570 */ 571 void 572 gallivm_compile_module(struct gallivm_state *gallivm) 573 { 574 LLVMValueRef func; 575 int64_t time_begin = 0; 576 577 assert(!gallivm->compiled); 578 579 if (gallivm->builder) { 580 LLVMDisposeBuilder(gallivm->builder); 581 gallivm->builder = NULL; 582 } 583 584 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_PERF) 585 time_begin = os_time_get(); 586 587 /* Run optimization passes */ 588 LLVMInitializeFunctionPassManager(gallivm->passmgr); 589 func = LLVMGetFirstFunction(gallivm->module); 590 while (func) { 591 if (0) { 592 debug_printf("optimizing func %s...\n", LLVMGetValueName(func)); 593 } 594 595 /* Disable frame pointer omission on debug/profile builds */ 596 /* XXX: And workaround http://llvm.org/PR21435 */ 597 #if HAVE_LLVM >= 0x0307 && \ 598 (defined(DEBUG) || defined(PROFILE) || \ 599 defined(PIPE_ARCH_X86) || defined(PIPE_ARCH_X86_64)) 600 LLVMAddTargetDependentFunctionAttr(func, "no-frame-pointer-elim", "true"); 601 LLVMAddTargetDependentFunctionAttr(func, "no-frame-pointer-elim-non-leaf", "true"); 602 #endif 603 604 LLVMRunFunctionPassManager(gallivm->passmgr, func); 605 func = LLVMGetNextFunction(func); 606 } 607 LLVMFinalizeFunctionPassManager(gallivm->passmgr); 608 609 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_PERF) { 610 int64_t time_end = os_time_get(); 611 int time_msec = (int)(time_end - time_begin) / 1000; 612 assert(gallivm->module_name); 613 debug_printf("optimizing module %s took %d msec\n", 614 gallivm->module_name, time_msec); 615 } 616 617 /* Dump byte code to a file */ 618 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_DUMP_BC) { 619 char filename[256]; 620 assert(gallivm->module_name); 621 util_snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "ir_%s.bc", gallivm->module_name); 622 LLVMWriteBitcodeToFile(gallivm->module, filename); 623 debug_printf("%s written\n", filename); 624 debug_printf("Invoke as \"llc %s%s -o - %s\"\n", 625 (HAVE_LLVM >= 0x0305) ? "[-mcpu=<-mcpu option] " : "", 626 "[-mattr=<-mattr option(s)>]", 627 filename); 628 } 629 630 if (use_mcjit) { 631 assert(!gallivm->engine); 632 if (!init_gallivm_engine(gallivm)) { 633 assert(0); 634 } 635 } 636 assert(gallivm->engine); 637 638 ++gallivm->compiled; 639 640 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_ASM) { 641 LLVMValueRef llvm_func = LLVMGetFirstFunction(gallivm->module); 642 643 while (llvm_func) { 644 /* 645 * Need to filter out functions which don't have an implementation, 646 * such as the intrinsics. May not be sufficient in case of IPO? 647 * LLVMGetPointerToGlobal() will abort otherwise. 648 */ 649 if (!LLVMIsDeclaration(llvm_func)) { 650 void *func_code = LLVMGetPointerToGlobal(gallivm->engine, llvm_func); 651 lp_disassemble(llvm_func, func_code); 652 } 653 llvm_func = LLVMGetNextFunction(llvm_func); 654 } 655 } 656 657 #if defined(PROFILE) 658 { 659 LLVMValueRef llvm_func = LLVMGetFirstFunction(gallivm->module); 660 661 while (llvm_func) { 662 if (!LLVMIsDeclaration(llvm_func)) { 663 void *func_code = LLVMGetPointerToGlobal(gallivm->engine, llvm_func); 664 lp_profile(llvm_func, func_code); 665 } 666 llvm_func = LLVMGetNextFunction(llvm_func); 667 } 668 } 669 #endif 670 } 671 672 673 674 func_pointer 675 gallivm_jit_function(struct gallivm_state *gallivm, 676 LLVMValueRef func) 677 { 678 void *code; 679 func_pointer jit_func; 680 int64_t time_begin = 0; 681 682 assert(gallivm->compiled); 683 assert(gallivm->engine); 684 685 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_PERF) 686 time_begin = os_time_get(); 687 688 code = LLVMGetPointerToGlobal(gallivm->engine, func); 689 assert(code); 690 jit_func = pointer_to_func(code); 691 692 if (gallivm_debug & GALLIVM_DEBUG_PERF) { 693 int64_t time_end = os_time_get(); 694 int time_msec = (int)(time_end - time_begin) / 1000; 695 debug_printf(" jitting func %s took %d msec\n", 696 LLVMGetValueName(func), time_msec); 697 } 698 699 return jit_func; 700 } 701
