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     58 <div class="magick-header">
     59 <p class="text-center"><a href="formats.html#colorspace">A Word about Colorspaces</a>  <a href="formats.html#supported">Supported Formats</a>  <a href="formats.html#pseudo">Pseudo Formats</a>  <a href="formats.html#builtin-images">Built-in Images</a>   <a href="formats.html#builtin-patterns">Built-in Patterns</a>  <a href="formats.html#embedded">Embedded Profiles</a></p>
     60 
     61 <p class="lead magick-description">ImageMagick uses an ASCII string known as <var>magick</var> (e.g. <code>GIF</code>) to identify file formats, algorithms acting as formats, built-in patterns, and embedded profile types.  Support for some of the formats are delegated to libraries or external programs. The Installation Guide describes where to find these distributions and any special configuration options required.</p>
     62 
     63 <p>To get a complete listing of which image formats are supported on your system, type</p>
     64 
     65 <pre>
     66 identify -list format
     67 </pre>
     68 
     69 <p>On some platforms, ImageMagick automagically processes these extensions: .gz for Zip compression, .Z for Unix compression, .bz2 for block compression, and .pgp for PGP encryption. For example, a PNM image called image.pnm.gz is automagically uncompressed.</p>
     70 
     71 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>A Word about Colorspaces</h2>
     72  <p>A majority of the image formats assume an sRGB
     73 colorspace (e.g. JPEG, PNG, etc.).  A few support only linear RGB (e.g. EXR,
     74 DPX, CIN, HDR) or only linear GRAY (e.g. PGM).  A few formats support CMYK.
     75 Then there is the occasional format that also supports LAB (that is CieLAB)
     76 (e.g. TIFF, PSD, JPG, JP2).  To determine the colorspace of your image, use
     77 this command:</p>
     78 
     79 <pre>
     80 -> identify -verbose image.jpg
     81 Image: image.jpg
     82 Format: JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group JFIF format)
     83 ...
     84 Colorspace: sRGB
     85 </pre>
     86 
     87 OR use the appropriate percent escape
     88 <pre>
     89 -> convert image.jpg -print "%[colorspace]\n" null:
     90 sRGB
     91 </pre>
     92 
     93 
     94 <p>When processing an image, be aware of the colorspace.  Many image
     95 processing algorithms assume a linear RGB colorspace.  Although you may get
     96 satisfactory results processing in the sRGB colorspace, you may get improved
     97 results in linear RGB (essentially sRGB with the gamma function removed).  For
     98 example,</p>
     99 
    100 <pre>
    101 convert image.jpg -colorspace RGB -resize 50% -colorspace sRGB resize.jpg
    102 </pre>
    103 
    104 <p>As of IM 6.7.8-2 one can properly work in LAB colorspace whether or not
    105 Imagemagick is <a href="high-dynamic-range.html">HDRI</a>-enabled.  Essentually the A and
    106 B channels are stored with a 50% gray bias, to allow it to handle the
    107 negatives required by the format.</p>
    108 
    109 <pre>
    110 convert lab.tif -resize 50% resize.jpg
    111 </pre>
    112 
    113 <p>Again, it may not make sense for some image processing operators to work
    114 directly in LAB space, but ImageMagick permits it and generally returns
    115 reasonable results.</p>
    116 
    117 <p>Prior to IM 6.7.8-2, the A and B channels has a discontinuity, making them
    118 non-linear. As such to process such images, you needed to first convert the
    119 colorspace some other linear colorspace, before apply your processing
    120 operator. Afterward you can transform back to the LAB colorspace.  For
    121 example,</p>
    122 
    123 <pre>
    124   convert lab.tif -colorspace RGB -resize 50% -colorspace Lab resize.jpg
    125 </pre>
    126 
    127 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="supported"></a>Supported Image Formats</h2>
    128 
    129 <p>ImageMagick supports reading over 100 major file formats (not
    130 including sub-formats). The following table provides a summary of
    131 the supported image formats.</p>
    132 
    133 <div class="table-responsive">
    134 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
    135   <tbody>
    136   <tr>
    137     <th>Tag</th>
    138     <th>Mode</th>
    139     <th>Description</th>
    140     <th>Notes</th>
    141   </tr>
    142 
    143   <tr>
    144     <td>AAI</td>
    145     <td>RW</td>
    146     <td>AAI Dune image</td>
    147     <td> </td>
    148   </tr>
    149 
    150   <tr>
    151     <td>ART</td>
    152     <td>RW</td>
    153     <td>PFS: 1st Publisher</td>
    154     <td>Format originally used on the Macintosh (MacPaint?) and later used for PFS: 1st Publisher clip art.</td>
    155   </tr>
    156 
    157   <tr>
    158     <td>ARW</td>
    159     <td>R</td>
    160     <td>Sony Digital Camera Alpha Raw Image Format</td>
    161     <td> </td>
    162   </tr>
    163 
    164   <tr>
    165     <td><a href="http://www.jmcgowan.com/avi.html">AVI</a></td>
    166     <td>R</td>
    167     <td>Microsoft Audio/Visual Interleaved</td>
    168     <td> </td>
    169   </tr>
    170 
    171   <tr>
    172     <td>AVS</td>
    173     <td>RW</td>
    174     <td>AVS X image</td>
    175     <td> </td>
    176   </tr>
    177 
    178   <tr>
    179     <td><a href="http://bellard.org/bpg/">BPG</a></td>
    180     <td>RW</td>
    181     <td>Better Portable Graphics</td>
    182     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> to specify the image compression quality.  To meet the requirements of BPG, the quality argument divided by 2 (e.g. -quality 92 assigns 46 as the BPG compression.</td>
    183   </tr>
    184 
    185   <tr>
    186     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/bmp/egff.htm">BMP, BMP2, BMP3</a></td>
    187     <td>RW</td>
    188     <td>Microsoft Windows bitmap</td>
    189     <td>By default the BMP format is version 4.  Use BMP3 and BMP2 to write versions 3 and 2 respectively.</td>
    190   </tr>
    191 
    192   <tr>
    193     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/cals/egff.htm">CALS</a></td>
    194     <td>R</td>
    195     <td>Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support Type 1 image</td>
    196     <td>Specified in MIL-R-28002 and MIL-PRF-28002. Standard blueprint archive format as used by the US military to replace microfiche.</td>
    197   </tr>
    198 
    199   <tr>
    200     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm">CGM</a></td>
    201     <td>R</td>
    202     <td>Computer Graphics Metafile</td>
    203     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.agocg.ac.uk/train/cgm/ralcgm.htm">ralcgm</a> to render CGM files.</td>
    204   </tr>
    205 
    206   <tr>
    207     <td><a href="http://www.cineon.com/ff_draft.html">CIN</a></td>
    208     <td>RW</td>
    209     <td>Kodak Cineon Image Format</td>
    210     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> to specify the image gamma or black and white points (e.g. <code>-set gamma 1.7</code>, <code>-set reference-black 95</code>, <code>-set reference-white 685</code>).  Properties include cin:file.create_date, cin:file.create_time, cin:file.filename, cin:file.version, cin:film.count, cin:film.format, cin:film.frame_id, cin:film.frame_position, cin:film.frame_rate, cin:film.id, cin:film.offset, cin:film.prefix, cin:film.slate_info, cin:film.type, cin:image.label, cin:origination.create_date, cin:origination.create_time, cin:origination.device, cin:origination.filename, cin:origination.model, cin:origination.serial, cin:origination.x_offset, cin:origination.x_pitch, cin:origination.y_offset, cin:origination.y_pitch, cin:user.data.</td>
    211   </tr>
    212 
    213   <tr>
    214     <td>CMYK</td>
    215     <td>RW</td>
    216     <td>Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, and black samples</td>
    217     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    218   </tr>
    219 
    220   <tr>
    221     <td>CMYKA</td>
    222     <td>RW</td>
    223     <td>Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and alpha samples</td>
    224     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    225   </tr>
    226 
    227   <tr>
    228     <td>CR2</td>
    229     <td>R</td>
    230     <td>Canon Digital Camera Raw Image Format</td>
    231     <td>Requires an explicit image format otherwise the image is interpreted as a TIFF image (e.g. cr2:image.cr2).</td>
    232   </tr>
    233 
    234   <tr>
    235     <td>CRW</td>
    236     <td>R</td>
    237     <td>Canon Digital Camera Raw Image Format</td>
    238     <td> </td>
    239   </tr>
    240 
    241   <tr>
    242     <td>CUR</td>
    243     <td>R</td>
    244     <td>Microsoft Cursor Icon</td>
    245     <td> </td>
    246   </tr>
    247 
    248   <tr>
    249     <td>CUT</td>
    250     <td>R</td>
    251     <td>DR Halo</td>
    252     <td> </td>
    253   </tr>
    254 
    255   <tr>
    256     <td>DCM</td>
    257     <td>R</td>
    258     <td>Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) image</td>
    259     <td>Used by the medical community for images like X-rays.  ImageMagick sets the initial display range based on the Window Center (0028,1050) and Window Width (0028,1051) tags. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define dcm:display-range=reset</a> to set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values.</td>
    260   </tr>
    261 
    262   <tr>
    263     <td>DCR</td>
    264     <td>R</td>
    265     <td>Kodak Digital Camera Raw Image File</td>
    266     <td> </td>
    267   </tr>
    268 
    269   <tr>
    270     <td>DCX</td>
    271     <td>RW</td>
    272     <td>ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush image</td>
    273     <td> </td>
    274   </tr>
    275 
    276   <tr>
    277     <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectDraw_Surface">DDS</a></td>
    278     <td>RW</td>
    279     <td>Microsoft Direct Draw Surface</td>
    280     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to specify the compression (e.g. <code>-define dds:compression={dxt1, dxt5, none}</code>). Other defines include <code>dds:cluster-fit={true,false}</code>, <code>dds:weight-by-alpha={true,false}</code>, and use <code>dds:mipmaps</code> to set the number of mipmaps.</td>
    281 
    282   </tr>
    283 
    284   <tr>
    285     <td>DIB</td>
    286     <td>RW</td>
    287     <td>Microsoft Windows Device Independent Bitmap</td>
    288     <td>DIB is a <a href="formats.html#BMP">BMP</a> file without the <a href="formats.html#BMP">BMP</a> header. Used to support embedded images in compound formats like WMF.</td>
    289   </tr>
    290 
    291   <tr>
    292     <td><a href="http://www.djvu.org/">DJVU</a></td>
    293     <td>R</td>
    294     <td></td>
    295     <td></td>
    296   </tr>
    297 
    298   <tr>
    299     <td><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/main.html">DNG</a></td>
    300     <td>R</td>
    301     <td>Digital Negative</td>
    302     <td>Requires an explicit image format otherwise the image is interpreted as a TIFF image (e.g. dng:image.dng).</td>
    303   </tr>
    304 
    305   <tr>
    306     <td><a href="http://www.graphviz.org">DOT</a></td>
    307     <td>R</td>
    308     <td>Graph Visualization</td>
    309     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to specify the layout engine (e.g. <code>-define dot:layout-engine=twopi</code>).</td>
    310   </tr>
    311 
    312   <tr>
    313     <td><a href="motion-picture.html">DPX</a></td>
    314     <td>RW</td>
    315     <td>SMPTE Digital Moving Picture Exchange 2.0 (SMPTE 268M-2003)</td>
    316     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> to specify the image gamma or black and white points (e.g. <code>-set gamma 1.7</code>, <code>-set reference-black 95</code>, <code>-set reference-white 685</code>).</td>
    317   </tr>
    318 
    319   <tr>
    320     <td>EMF</td>
    321     <td>R</td>
    322     <td>Microsoft Enhanced Metafile (32-bit)</td>
    323     <td>Only available under Microsoft Windows.  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> command line option to specify the maximum width and height.</td>
    324   </tr>
    325 
    326   <tr>
    327     <td>EPDF</td>
    328     <td>RW</td>
    329     <td>Encapsulated Portable Document Format</td>
    330     <td></td>
    331   </tr>
    332 
    333   <tr>
    334     <td>EPI</td>
    335     <td>RW</td>
    336     <td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format</td>
    337     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    338   </tr>
    339 
    340   <tr>
    341     <td>EPS</td>
    342     <td>RW</td>
    343     <td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td>
    344     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    345   </tr>
    346 
    347   <tr>
    348     <td>EPS2</td>
    349     <td>W</td>
    350     <td>Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript</td>
    351     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    352   </tr>
    353 
    354   <tr>
    355     <td>EPS3</td>
    356     <td>W</td>
    357     <td>Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript</td>
    358     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    359   </tr>
    360 
    361   <tr>
    362     <td>EPSF</td>
    363     <td>RW</td>
    364     <td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td>
    365     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    366   </tr>
    367 
    368   <tr>
    369     <td>EPSI</td>
    370     <td>RW</td>
    371     <td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format</td>
    372     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    373   </tr>
    374 
    375   <tr>
    376     <td>EPT</td>
    377     <td>RW</td>
    378     <td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format with <a href="formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a> preview</td>
    379     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    380   </tr>
    381 
    382   <tr>
    383     <td><a href="http://www.openexr.org">EXR</a></td>
    384     <td>RW</td>
    385     <td>High dynamic-range (HDR) file format developed by Industrial Light &amp; Magic</td>
    386     <td>See <a href="high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a> for details on this image format. To specify the output color type, use <code>-define exr:color-type={RGB,RGBA,YC,YCA,Y,YA,R,G,B,A}</code>. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> to specify the sampling rate for YC(A) (e.g. <code>2x2 or 4:2:0</code>). Requires the <a href="http://www.openexr.org/">OpenEXR</a> delegate library.</td>
    387   </tr>
    388 
    389   <tr>
    390     <td>FAX</td>
    391     <td>RW</td>
    392     <td>Group 3 TIFF</td>
    393     <td>This format is a fixed width of 1728 as required by the standard.  See <a href="formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a> format. Note that FAX machines use non-square pixels which are 1.5 times wider than they are tall but computer displays use square pixels so FAX images may appear to be narrow unless they are explicitly resized using a resize specification of <code>100x150%</code>.</td>
    394   </tr>
    395 
    396   <tr>
    397     <td><a href="http://homepage.usask.ca/~ijm451/fig/">FIG</a></td>
    398     <td>R</td>
    399     <td>FIG graphics format</td>
    400     <td>Requires <a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/applications/drawing_tools/transfig">TransFig</a>.</td>
    401   </tr>
    402 
    403   <tr>
    404     <td><a href="http://www.cv.nrao.edu/fits/">FITS</a></td>
    405     <td>RW</td>
    406     <td>Flexible Image Transport System</td>
    407     <td>To specify a single-precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 64 for a double-precision floating-point format.</td>
    408   </tr>
    409 
    410   <tr>
    411     <td>FPX</td>
    412     <td>RW</td>
    413     <td>FlashPix Format</td>
    414     <td>FlashPix has the option to store mega- and giga-pixel images at various resolutions in a single file which permits conservative bandwidth and fast reveal times when displayed within a Web browser.  Requires the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/download/delegates">FlashPix SDK</a>. Specify the FlashPix viewing parameters with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define fpx:view</a>.</td>
    415   </tr>
    416 
    417   <tr>
    418     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/gif/egff.htm">GIF</a></td>
    419     <td>RW</td>
    420     <td>CompuServe Graphics Interchange Format</td>
    421     <td>8-bit RGB PseudoColor with up to 256 palette entries. Specify the format <code>GIF87</code> to write the older version 87a of the format.  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">-transparent-color</a> to specify the GIF transparent color (e.g. <code>-transparent-color wheat</code>).</td>
    422   </tr>
    423 
    424   <tr>
    425     <td>GPLT</td>
    426     <td>R</td>
    427     <td>Gnuplot plot files</td>
    428     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">gnuplot4.0.tar.Z</a> or later.</td>
    429   </tr>
    430 
    431   <tr>
    432     <td>GRAY</td>
    433     <td>RW</td>
    434     <td>Raw gray samples</td>
    435     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    436   </tr>
    437 
    438   <tr>
    439     <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGBE_image_format">HDR</a></td>
    440     <td>RW</td>
    441     <td>Radiance RGBE image format</td>
    442     <td> </td>
    443   </tr>
    444 
    445   <tr>
    446     <td>HPGL</td>
    447     <td>R</td>
    448     <td>HP-GL plotter language</td>
    449     <td>Requires <a href="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hp2xx">hp2xx-3.4.4.tar.gz</a></td>
    450   </tr>
    451 
    452   <tr>
    453     <td>HRZ</td>
    454     <td>RW</td>
    455     <td>Slow Scane TeleVision</td>
    456     <td> </td>
    457   </tr>
    458 
    459   <tr>
    460     <td>HTML</td>
    461     <td>RW</td>
    462     <td>Hypertext Markup Language with a client-side image map</td>
    463     <td>Also known as <code>HTM</code>. Requires <a href="http://user.it.uu.se/%7Ejan/html2ps.html">html2ps</a> to read.</td>
    464   </tr>
    465 
    466   <tr>
    467     <td>ICO</td>
    468     <td>R</td>
    469     <td>Microsoft icon</td>
    470     <td>Also known as <code>ICON</code>.</td>
    471   </tr>
    472 
    473   <tr>
    474     <td>INFO</td>
    475     <td>W</td>
    476     <td>Format and characteristics of the image</td>
    477     <td></td>
    478   </tr>
    479 
    480   <tr>
    481     <td>INLINE</td>
    482     <td>RW</td>
    483     <td>Base64-encoded inline image</td>
    484     <td>The inline image look similar to <code>inline:data:;base64,/9j/4AAQSk...knrn//2Q==</code>.  If the inline image exceeds 5000 characters, reference it from a file (e.g. <code>inline:inline.txt</code>). You can also write a base64-encoded image.  Embed the mime type in the filename, for example, <code>convert myimage inline:jpeg:myimage.txt</code>.</td>
    485   </tr>
    486 
    487   <tr>
    488     <td>JBIG</td>
    489     <td>RW</td>
    490     <td>Joint Bi-level Image experts Group file interchange format</td>
    491     <td>Also known as <code>BIE</code> and <code>JBG</code>. Requires <a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/jbigkit/">jbigkit-1.6.tar.gz</a>.</td>
    492   </tr>
    493 
    494   <tr>
    495     <td><a href="http://www.libmng.com/">JNG</a></td>
    496     <td>RW</td>
    497     <td>Multiple-image Network Graphics</td>
    498     <td>JPEG in a PNG-style wrapper with transparency. Requires libjpeg and libpng-1.0.11 or later, <a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html">libpng-1.2.5</a> or later recommended.</td>
    499   </tr>
    500 
    501   <tr>
    502     <td><a href="http://www.openjpeg.org/">JP2</a></td>
    503     <td>RW</td>
    504     <td>JPEG-2000 JP2 File Format Syntax</td>
    505     <td>Specify the encoding options with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option. See <a href="jp2.html">JP2 Encoding Options</a> for more details.</td>
    506   </tr>
    507 
    508   <tr>
    509     <td><a href="http://www.openjpeg.org/">JPT</a></td>
    510     <td>RW</td>
    511     <td>JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax</td>
    512     <td>Specify the encoding options with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option  See <a href="jp2.html">JP2 Encoding Options</a> for more details.</td>
    513   </tr>
    514 
    515   <tr>
    516     <td><a href="http://www.openjpeg.org/">J2C</a></td>
    517     <td>RW</td>
    518     <td>JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax</td>
    519     <td>Specify the encoding options with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option  See <a href="jp2.html">JP2 Encoding Options</a> for more details.</td>
    520   </tr>
    521 
    522   <tr>
    523     <td><a href="http://www.openjpeg.org/">J2K</a></td>
    524     <td>RW</td>
    525     <td>JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax</td>
    526     <td>Specify the encoding options with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option  See <a href="jp2.html">JP2 Encoding Options</a> for more details.</td>
    527   </tr>
    528 
    529   <tr>
    530     <td><a href="http://www.jpeg.org/">JPEG</a></td>
    531     <td>RW</td>
    532     <td>Joint Photographic Experts Group JFIF format</td>
    533     <td>Note, JPEG is a lossy compression.  In addition, you cannot create black and white images with JPEG nor can you save transparency.<br /><br /> Requires <a href="http://www.ijg.org/files/">jpegsrc.v8c.tar.gz</a>.  You can set quality scaling for luminance and chrominance separately (e.g. <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> 90,70). You can optionally define the DCT method, for example to specify the float method, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:dct-method=float</a>. By default we compute optimal Huffman coding tables.  Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:optimize-coding=false</a> to use the default Huffman tables. Two other options include <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:block-smoothing</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:fancy-upsampling</a>. Set the sampling factor with <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:sampling-factor</a>. You can size the image with <code>jpeg:size</code>, for example <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:size=128x128</a>. To restrict the maximum file size, use <code>jpeg:extent</code>, for example <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:extent=400KB</a>.  To define one or more custom quantization tables, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define jpeg:q-table=<i>filename</i></a>. To avoid reading a particular associated image profile, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define profile:skip=<i>name</i></a> (e.g. profile:skip=ICC).</td>
    534   </tr>
    535 
    536   <tr>
    537     <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_XR">JXR</a></td>
    538     <td>RW</td>
    539     <td>JPEG extended range</td>
    540     <td>Requires the <a href="https://jxrlib.codeplex.com/">jxrlib</a> delegate library. Put the JxrDecApp and JxrEncApp applications in your execution path. </td>
    541   </tr>
    542 
    543   <tr>
    544     <td><a href="http://www.json.org">JSON</a></td>
    545     <td>W</td>
    546     <td>JavaScript Object Notation, a lightweight data-interchange format</td>
    547     <td>Include additional attributes about the image with these defines: <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define json:locate</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define json:limit</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define json:moments</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define json:features</a>.</td>
    548   </tr>
    549 
    550   <tr>
    551     <td>MAN</td>
    552     <td>R</td>
    553     <td>Unix reference manual pages</td>
    554     <td>Requires that GNU groff and Ghostcript are installed.</td>
    555   </tr>
    556 
    557   <tr>
    558     <td>MAT</td>
    559     <td>R</td>
    560     <td>MATLAB image format</td>
    561     <td> </td>
    562   </tr>
    563 
    564   <tr>
    565     <td><a href="miff.html">MIFF</a></td>
    566     <td>RW</td>
    567     <td>Magick image file format</td>
    568     <td>This format persists all image attributes known to ImageMagick.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    569   </tr>
    570 
    571   <tr>
    572     <td>MONO</td>
    573     <td>RW</td>
    574     <td>Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-byte first order</td>
    575     <td> </td>
    576   </tr>
    577 
    578   <tr>
    579     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/">MNG</a></td>
    580     <td>RW</td>
    581     <td>Multiple-image Network Graphics</td>
    582     <td>A PNG-like Image Format Supporting Multiple Images, Animation and Transparent JPEG. Requires libpng-1.0.11 or later, <a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html">libpng-1.2.5</a> or later recommended. An interframe delay of 0 generates one frame with each additional layer composited on top.  For motion, be sure to specify a non-zero delay.</td>
    583   </tr>
    584 
    585   <tr>
    586     <td><a href="http://www.ffmpeg.org/">M2V</a></td>
    587     <td>RW</td>
    588     <td>Motion Picture Experts Group file interchange format (version 2)</td>
    589     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.ffmpeg.org/download.html">ffmpeg</a>.</td>
    590   </tr>
    591 
    592   <tr>
    593     <td><a href="http://www.ffmpeg.org/">MPEG</a></td>
    594     <td>RW</td>
    595     <td>Motion Picture Experts Group file interchange format (version 1)</td>
    596     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.ffmpeg.org/download.html">ffmpeg</a>.</td>
    597   </tr>
    598 
    599   <tr>
    600     <td>MPC</td>
    601     <td>RW</td>
    602     <td>Magick Persistent Cache image file format</td>
    603     <td>The most efficient data processing pattern is a write-once, read-many-times pattern. The image is generated or copied from source, then various analyses are performed on the image pixels over time.  MPC supports this pattern. MPC is the native <var>in-memory</var> ImageMagick uncompressed file format. This file format is identical to that used by ImageMagick to represent images in memory and is read by mapping the file directly into memory. The MPC format is not portable and is not suitable as an archive format. It is suitable as an intermediate format for high-performance image processing.  The MPC format requires two files to support one image. Image attributes are written to a file with the extension <code>.mpc</code>, whereas, image pixels are written to a file with the extension <code>.cache</code>.</td>
    604   </tr>
    605 
    606   <tr>
    607     <td>MPR</td>
    608     <td>RW</td>
    609     <td>Magick Persistent Registry</td>
    610     <td>This format permits you to write to and read images from memory.  The image persists until the program exits.  For example, let's use the MPR to create a checkerboard:
    611 <pre>
    612 convert \( -size 15x15 canvas:black canvas:white -append \) \
    613   \( +clone -flip \) +append -write mpr:checkers +delete \
    614   -size 240x240 tile:mpr:checkers board.png
    615 </pre></td>
    616   </tr>
    617 
    618   <tr>
    619     <td>MRW</td>
    620     <td>R</td>
    621     <td>Sony (Minolta) Raw Image File</td>
    622     <td> </td>
    623   </tr>
    624 
    625   <tr>
    626     <td>MSL</td>
    627     <td>RW</td>
    628     <td>Magick Scripting Language</td>
    629     <td>MSL is the XML-based scripting language supported by the <a href="conjure.html">conjure</a> utility. MSL requires the <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/">libxml2</a> delegate library.</td>
    630   </tr>
    631 
    632   <tr>
    633     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/mtv/egff.htm">MTV</a></td>
    634     <td>RW</td>
    635     <td>MTV Raytracing image format</td>
    636     <td> </td>
    637   </tr>
    638 
    639   <tr>
    640     <td><a href="magick-vector-graphics.html">MVG</a></td>
    641     <td>RW</td>
    642     <td>Magick Vector Graphics.</td>
    643     <td>The native ImageMagick vector metafile format. A text file containing vector drawing commands accepted by <a href="convert.html">convert</a>'s <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</td>
    644   </tr>
    645 
    646   <tr>
    647     <td>NEF</td>
    648     <td>R</td>
    649     <td>Nikon Digital SLR Camera Raw Image File</td>
    650     <td> </td>
    651   </tr>
    652 
    653   <tr>
    654     <td>ORF</td>
    655     <td>R</td>
    656     <td>Olympus Digital Camera Raw Image File</td>
    657     <td> </td>
    658   </tr>
    659 
    660   <tr>
    661     <td>OTB</td>
    662     <td>RW</td>
    663     <td>On-the-air Bitmap</td>
    664     <td> </td>
    665   </tr>
    666 
    667   <tr>
    668     <td>P7</td>
    669     <td>RW</td>
    670     <td>Xv's Visual Schnauzer thumbnail format</td>
    671     <td> </td>
    672   </tr>
    673 
    674   <tr>
    675     <td>PALM</td>
    676     <td>RW</td>
    677     <td>Palm pixmap</td>
    678     <td> </td>
    679   </tr>
    680 
    681   <tr>
    682     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pam.html">PAM</a></td>
    683     <td>W</td>
    684     <td>Common 2-dimensional bitmap format</td>
    685     <td> </td>
    686   </tr>
    687 
    688   <tr>
    689     <td>CLIPBOARD</td>
    690     <td>RW</td>
    691     <td>Windows Clipboard</td>
    692     <td>Only available under Microsoft Windows.</td>
    693   </tr>
    694   <tr>
    695     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pbm.html">PBM</a></td>
    696     <td>RW</td>
    697     <td>Portable bitmap format (black and white)</td>
    698     <td> </td>
    699   </tr>
    700 
    701   <tr>
    702     <td>PCD</td>
    703     <td>RW</td>
    704     <td>Photo CD</td>
    705     <td>The maximum resolution written is 768x512 pixels since larger images require huffman compression (which is not supported).</td>
    706   </tr>
    707 
    708   <tr>
    709     <td>PCDS</td>
    710     <td>RW</td>
    711     <td>Photo CD</td>
    712     <td>Decode with the sRGB color tables.</td>
    713   </tr>
    714 
    715   <tr>
    716     <td>PCL</td>
    717     <td>W</td>
    718     <td>HP Page Control Language</td>
    719     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to specify fit to page option (e.g. <code>-define pcl:fit-to-page=true</code>).</td>
    720   </tr>
    721 
    722   <tr>
    723     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/egff.htm">PCX</a></td>
    724     <td>RW</td>
    725     <td>ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush file</td>
    726     <td> </td>
    727   </tr>
    728 
    729   <tr>
    730     <td>PDB</td>
    731     <td>RW</td>
    732     <td>Palm Database ImageViewer Format</td>
    733     <td> </td>
    734   </tr>
    735 
    736   <tr>
    737     <td>PDF</td>
    738     <td>RW</td>
    739     <td>Portable Document Format</td>
    740     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.  By default, ImageMagick sets the page size to the MediaBox. Some PDF files, however, have a CropBox or TrimBox that is smaller than the MediaBox and may include white space, registration or cutting marks outside the CropBox or TrimBox. To force ImageMagick to use the CropBox or TrimBox rather than the MediaBox, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> (e.g. <code>-define pdf:use-cropbox=true</code> or <code>-define pdf:use-trimbox=true</code>).  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> to improve the appearance of your PDF rendering (e.g. -density 300x300).  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha remove </a> to remove transparency. To specify direct conversion from  Postscript to PDF, use <code>-define delegate:bimodel=true</code>. Use <code>-define pdf:fit-page=true</code> to scale to the page size. To immediately stop processing upon an error, set <code>-define pdf:stop-on-error</code> to <code>true</code>. To set the page direction preferences to right-to-left, try  <code>-define pdf:page-direction=right-to-left</code>.</td>
    741   </tr>
    742 
    743   <tr>
    744     <td>PEF</td>
    745     <td>R</td>
    746     <td>Pentax Electronic File</td>
    747     <td>Requires an explicit image format otherwise the image is interpreted as a TIFF image (e.g. pef:image.pef).</td>
    748   </tr>
    749 
    750   <tr>
    751     <td>PFA</td>
    752     <td>R</td>
    753     <td>Postscript Type 1 font (ASCII)</td>
    754     <td>Opening as file returns a preview image.</td>
    755   </tr>
    756 
    757   <tr>
    758     <td>PFB</td>
    759     <td>R</td>
    760     <td>Postscript Type 1 font (binary)</td>
    761     <td>Opening as file returns a preview image.</td>
    762   </tr>
    763 
    764   <tr>
    765     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pfm.html">PFM</a></td>
    766     <td>RW</td>
    767     <td>Portable float map format</td>
    768     <td> </td>
    769   </tr>
    770 
    771   <tr>
    772     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pgm.html">PGM</a></td>
    773     <td>RW</td>
    774     <td>Portable graymap format (gray scale)</td>
    775     <td> </td>
    776   </tr>
    777 
    778   <tr>
    779     <td>PICON</td>
    780     <td>RW</td>
    781     <td>Personal Icon</td>
    782     <td> </td>
    783   </tr>
    784 
    785   <tr>
    786     <td>PICT</td>
    787     <td>RW</td>
    788     <td>Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT file</td>
    789     <td> </td>
    790   </tr>
    791 
    792   <tr>
    793     <td>PIX</td>
    794     <td>R</td>
    795     <td>Alias/Wavefront RLE image format</td>
    796     <td> </td>
    797   </tr>
    798 
    799   <tr>
    800     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG</a></td>
    801     <td>RW</td>
    802     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    803     <td>Requires libpng-1.0.11 or later, <a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html">libpng-1.2.5</a> or later recommended. The PNG specification does not support pixels-per-inch units, only pixels-per-centimeter. To avoid reading a particular associated image profile, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define profile:skip=<i>name</i></a> (e.g. profile:skip=ICC).</td>
    804   </tr>
    805 
    806   <tr>
    807     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG8</a></td>
    808     <td>RW</td>
    809     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    810     <td>8-bit indexed with optional binary transparency</td>
    811   </tr>
    812 
    813   <tr>
    814     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG00</a></td>
    815     <td>RW</td>
    816     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    817     <td>PNG inheriting subformat from original if possible</td>
    818   </tr>
    819 
    820   <tr>
    821     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG24</a></td>
    822     <td>RW</td>
    823     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    824     <td>opaque or binary transparent 24-bit RGB</td>
    825   </tr>
    826 
    827   <tr>
    828     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG32</a></td>
    829     <td>RW</td>
    830     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    831     <td>opaque or transparent 32-bit RGBA</td>
    832   </tr>
    833 
    834   <tr>
    835     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG48</a></td>
    836     <td>RW</td>
    837     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    838     <td>opaque or binary transparent 48-bit RGB</td>
    839   </tr>
    840 
    841   <tr>
    842     <td><a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/">PNG64</a></td>
    843     <td>RW</td>
    844     <td>Portable Network Graphics</td>
    845     <td>opaque or transparent 64-bit RGB</td>
    846   </tr>
    847 
    848   <tr>
    849     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pnm.html">PNM</a></td>
    850     <td>RW</td>
    851     <td>Portable anymap</td>
    852     <td>PNM is a family of formats supporting portable bitmaps (PBM) , graymaps (PGM), and pixmaps (PPM). There is no file format associated with pnm itself. If PNM is used as the output format specifier, then ImageMagick automagically selects the most appropriate format to represent the image.  The default is to write the binary version of the formats. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress none</a> to write the ASCII version of the formats.</td>
    853   </tr>
    854 
    855   <tr>
    856     <td><a href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/ppm.html">PPM</a></td>
    857     <td>RW</td>
    858     <td>Portable pixmap format (color)</td>
    859     <td> </td>
    860   </tr>
    861 
    862   <tr>
    863     <td>PS</td>
    864     <td>RW</td>
    865     <td>Adobe PostScript file</td>
    866     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read. To force ImageMagick to respect the crop box, use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> (e.g. <code>-define eps:use-cropbox=true</code>). Use <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> to improve the appearance of your Postscript rendering (e.g. -density 300x300). Use <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha">-alpha remove </a> to remove transparency. To specify direct conversion from PDF to Postscript, use <code>-define delegate:bimodel=true</code>.</td>
    867   </tr>
    868 
    869   <tr>
    870     <td>PS2</td>
    871     <td>RW</td>
    872     <td>Adobe Level II PostScript file</td>
    873     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    874   </tr>
    875 
    876   <tr>
    877     <td>PS3</td>
    878     <td>RW</td>
    879     <td>Adobe Level III PostScript file</td>
    880     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost">Ghostscript</a> to read.</td>
    881   </tr>
    882 
    883   <tr>
    884     <td><a href="http://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/">PSB</a></td>
    885     <td>RW</td>
    886     <td>Adobe Large Document Format</td>
    887     <td> </td>
    888   </tr>
    889 
    890   <tr>
    891     <td><a href="http://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/">PSD</a></td>
    892     <td>RW</td>
    893     <td>Adobe Photoshop bitmap file</td>
    894     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define psd:alpha-unblend=off</a> to disable alpha blenning in the merged image.</td>
    895   </tr>
    896 
    897   <tr>
    898     <td>PTIF</td>
    899     <td>RW</td>
    900     <td>Pyramid encoded <a href="formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a></td>
    901     <td>Multi-resolution <a href="formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a> containing successively smaller versions of the image down to the size of an icon.</td>
    902   </tr>
    903 
    904   <tr>
    905     <td><a href="http://www.photoworks.com/">PWP</a></td>
    906     <td>R</td>
    907     <td>Seattle File Works multi-image file</td>
    908     <td> </td>
    909   </tr>
    910 
    911   <tr>
    912     <td>RAD</td>
    913     <td>R</td>
    914     <td>Radiance image file</td>
    915     <td>Requires that <i>ra_ppm</i> from the Radiance software package be installed.</td>
    916   </tr>
    917 
    918   <tr>
    919     <td>RAF</td>
    920     <td>R</td>
    921     <td>Fuji CCD-RAW Graphic File</td>
    922     <td> </td>
    923   </tr>
    924 
    925   <tr>
    926     <td>RGB</td>
    927     <td>RW</td>
    928     <td>Raw red, green, and blue samples</td>
    929     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    930   </tr>
    931 
    932   <tr>
    933     <td>RGBA</td>
    934     <td>RW</td>
    935     <td>Raw red, green, blue, and alpha samples</td>
    936     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.  To specify a single precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 32 for single precision floats, 64 for double precision, and 16 for half-precision.</td>
    937   </tr>
    938 
    939   <tr>
    940     <td>RFG</td>
    941     <td>RW</td>
    942     <td>LEGO Mindstorms EV3 Robot Graphics File</td>
    943     <td> </td>
    944   </tr>
    945 
    946   <tr>
    947     <td>RLA</td>
    948     <td>R</td>
    949     <td>Alias/Wavefront image file</td>
    950     <td> </td>
    951   </tr>
    952 
    953   <tr>
    954     <td>RLE</td>
    955     <td>R</td>
    956     <td>Utah Run length encoded image file</td>
    957     <td> </td>
    958   </tr>
    959 
    960   <tr>
    961     <td><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/www/centers/gff/formats/scitex/">SCT</a></td>
    962     <td>R</td>
    963     <td>Scitex Continuous Tone Picture</td>
    964     <td> </td>
    965   </tr>
    966 
    967   <tr>
    968     <td><a href="http://www.photoworks.com/">SFW</a></td>
    969     <td>R</td>
    970     <td>Seattle File Works image</td>
    971     <td> </td>
    972   </tr>
    973 
    974   <tr>
    975     <td>SGI</td>
    976     <td>RW</td>
    977     <td>Irix RGB image</td>
    978     <td> </td>
    979   </tr>
    980 
    981   <tr>
    982     <td>SHTML</td>
    983     <td>W</td>
    984     <td>Hypertext Markup Language client-side image map</td>
    985     <td>Used to write HTML clickable image maps based on a the output of <a href="montage.html">montage</a> or a format which supports tiled images such as <a href="formats.html#MIFF">MIFF</a>.</td>
    986   </tr>
    987 
    988   <tr>
    989     <td>SID, MrSID</td>
    990     <td>R</td>
    991     <td>Multiresolution seamless image</td>
    992     <td>Requires the <a href="http://www.lizardtech.com/downloads/downloads.html?dl=/download/files/lin/geoexpress_commandlineutils_linux.tgz">mrsidgeodecode</a> command line utility that decompresses MG2 or MG3 SID image files.</td>
    993   </tr>
    994 
    995   <tr>
    996     <td>SPARSE-COLOR</td>
    997     <td>W</td>
    998     <td>Raw text file</td>
    999     <td>Format compatible with the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color">-sparse-color</a> option. Lists only non-fully-transparent pixels.</td>
   1000   </tr>
   1001 
   1002   <tr>
   1003     <td>SUN</td>
   1004     <td>RW</td>
   1005     <td>SUN Rasterfile</td>
   1006     <td> </td>
   1007   </tr>
   1008 
   1009   <tr>
   1010     <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG">SVG</a></td>
   1011     <td>RW</td>
   1012     <td>Scalable Vector Graphics</td>
   1013     <td>ImageMagick utilizes <a href="http://www.inkscape.org/">inkscape</a> if its in your execution path otherwise <a href="http://developer.gnome.org/rsvg/">RSVG</a>. If neither are available, ImageMagick reverts to its internal SVG renderer. The default resolution is 90 DPI. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> command line option to specify the maximum width and height.</td>
   1014   </tr>
   1015 
   1016   <tr>
   1017     <td>TGA</td>
   1018     <td>RW</td>
   1019     <td>Truevision Targa image</td>
   1020     <td>Also known as formats <code>ICB</code>, <code>VDA</code>, and <code>VST</code>.</td>
   1021   </tr>
   1022 
   1023   <tr>
   1024     <td><a href="http://www.libtiff.org/">TIFF</a></td>
   1025     <td>RW</td>
   1026     <td>Tagged Image File Format</td>
   1027     <td>Also known as <code>TIF</code>. Requires <a href="http://www.libtiff.org/">tiff-v3.6.1.tar.gz</a> or later.  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to specify the rows per strip (e.g. <code>-define tiff:rows-per-strip=8</code>).  To define the tile geometry, use for example, <code>-define tiff:tile-geometry=128x128</code>. To specify a <var>signed</var> format, use  <code>-define quantum:format=signed</code>. To specify a single-precision floating-point format, use <code>-define quantum:format=floating-point</code>.  Set the depth to 64 for a double-precision floating-point format.  Use <code>-define quantum:polarity=min-is-black</code> or <code>-define quantum:polarity=min-is-white</code> toggle the photometric interpretation for a bilevel image.  Specify the extra samples as associated or unassociated alpha with, for example, <code>-define tiff:alpha=unassociated</code>.  Set the fill order with <code>-define tiff:fill-order=msb|lsb</code>. Set the TIFF endianess with <code>-define tiff:endian=msb|lsb</code>. Use <code>-define tiff:exif-properties=false</code> to skip reading the EXIF properties.  You can set a number of TIFF software attributes including document name, host computer, artist, timestamp, make, model, software, and copyright.  For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set tiff:software "My Company"</a>. If you want to ignore certain TIFF tags, use this option: <code>-define tiff:ignore-tags=comma-separated-list-of-tag-IDs</code>. Since version 6.9.1-4 there is support for reading photoshop layers in TIFF files, this can be disabled with <code>-define tiff:ignore-layers=true</code></td>
   1028   </tr>
   1029 
   1030   <tr>
   1031     <td>TIM</td>
   1032     <td>R</td>
   1033     <td>PSX TIM file</td>
   1034     <td> </td>
   1035   </tr>
   1036 
   1037   <tr>
   1038     <td><a href="http://www.freetype.org/">TTF</a></td>
   1039     <td>R</td>
   1040     <td>TrueType font file</td>
   1041     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.freetype.org/">freetype 2</a>. Opening as file returns a preview image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> if you do not want to hint glyph outlines after their scaling to device pixels (e.g. <code>-set type:hinting off</code>).</td>
   1042   </tr>
   1043 
   1044   <tr>
   1045     <td>TXT</td>
   1046     <td>RW</td>
   1047     <td>Raw text file</td>
   1048     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to specify the color compliance (e.g. <code>-define txt:compliance=css</code>).</td>
   1049   </tr>
   1050 
   1051   <tr>
   1052     <td>UIL</td>
   1053     <td>W</td>
   1054     <td>X-Motif UIL table</td>
   1055     <td> </td>
   1056   </tr>
   1057 
   1058   <tr>
   1059     <td>UYVY</td>
   1060     <td>RW</td>
   1061     <td>Interleaved YUV raw image</td>
   1062     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> command line options to specify width and height.  Use <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> to set the desired subsampling (e.g. -sampling-factor 4:2:2).</td>
   1063   </tr>
   1064 
   1065   <tr>
   1066     <td>VICAR</td>
   1067     <td>RW</td>
   1068     <td>VICAR rasterfile format</td>
   1069     <td> </td>
   1070   </tr>
   1071 
   1072   <tr>
   1073     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/viff/egff.htm">VIFF</a></td>
   1074     <td>RW</td>
   1075     <td>Khoros Visualization Image File Format</td>
   1076     <td> </td>
   1077   </tr>
   1078 
   1079   <tr>
   1080     <td><a href="http://www.openmobilealliance.org/Technical/wapindex.aspx">WBMP</a></td>
   1081     <td>RW</td>
   1082     <td>Wireless bitmap</td>
   1083     <td>Support for uncompressed monochrome only.</td>
   1084   </tr>
   1085 
   1086   <tr>
   1087     <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_XR">WDP</a></td>
   1088     <td>RW</td>
   1089     <td>JPEG extended range</td>
   1090     <td>Requires the <a href="https://jxrlib.codeplex.com/">jxrlib</a> delegate library. Put the JxrDecApp and JxrEncApp applications in your execution path. </td>
   1091   </tr>
   1092 
   1093   <tr>
   1094     <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebP">WEBP</a></td>
   1095     <td>RW</td>
   1096     <td>Weppy image format</td>
   1097     <td>Requires the <a href="https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/download">WEBP</a> delegate library.  Specify the encoding options with the <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> option  See <a href="webp.html">WebP Encoding Options</a> for more details.</td>
   1098   </tr>
   1099 
   1100   <tr>
   1101     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/wmf/egff.htm">WMF</a></td>
   1102     <td>R</td>
   1103     <td>Windows Metafile</td>
   1104     <td>Requires <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/wvware/">libwmf</a>. By default, renders WMF files using the dimensions specified by the metafile header. Use the -density option to adjust the output resolution, and thereby adjust the output size. The default output resolution is 72DPI so <code>-density 144</code> results in an image twice as large as the default. Use <code>-background color</code> to specify the WMF background color (default white) or <code>-texture filename</code> to specify a background texture image.</td>
   1105   </tr>
   1106 
   1107   <tr>
   1108     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/wpg/egff.htm">WPG</a></td>
   1109     <td>R</td>
   1110     <td>Word Perfect Graphics File</td>
   1111     <td> </td>
   1112   </tr>
   1113 
   1114   <tr>
   1115     <td>X</td>
   1116     <td>RW</td>
   1117     <td>display or import an image to or from an X11 server</td>
   1118     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> to obtain the image from the root window (e.g. <code>-define x:screen=true</code>).  Set <code>x:silent=true</code> to turn off the beep when importing an image.</td>
   1119   </tr>
   1120 
   1121   <tr>
   1122     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/xbm/egff.htm">XBM</a></td>
   1123     <td>RW</td>
   1124     <td>X Windows system bitmap, black and white only</td>
   1125     <td>Used by the X Windows System to store monochrome icons.</td>
   1126   </tr>
   1127 
   1128   <tr>
   1129     <td>XCF</td>
   1130     <td>R</td>
   1131     <td>GIMP image</td>
   1132     <td> </td>
   1133   </tr>
   1134 
   1135   <tr>
   1136     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/xpm/egff.htm">XPM</a></td>
   1137     <td>RW</td>
   1138     <td>X Windows system pixmap</td>
   1139     <td>Also known as <code>PM</code>. Used by the X Windows System to store color icons.</td>
   1140   </tr>
   1141 
   1142   <tr>
   1143     <td><a href="http://www.fileformat.info/format/xwd/egff.htm">XWD</a></td>
   1144     <td>RW</td>
   1145     <td>X Windows system window dump</td>
   1146     <td>Used by the X Windows System to save/display screen dumps.</td>
   1147   </tr>
   1148 
   1149   <tr>
   1150     <td>X3F</td>
   1151     <td>R</td>
   1152     <td>Sigma Camera RAW Picture File</td>
   1153     <td> </td>
   1154   </tr>
   1155 
   1156   <tr>
   1157     <td>YCbCr</td>
   1158     <td>RW</td>
   1159     <td>Raw Y, Cb, and Cr samples</td>
   1160     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.</td>
   1161   </tr>
   1162 
   1163   <tr>
   1164     <td>YCbCrA</td>
   1165     <td>RW</td>
   1166     <td>Raw Y, Cb, Cr, and alpha samples</td>
   1167     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> to specify the image width, height, and depth.</td>
   1168   </tr>
   1169 
   1170   <tr>
   1171     <td>YUV</td>
   1172     <td>RW</td>
   1173     <td>CCIR 601 4:1:1</td>
   1174     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> command line options to specify width, height, and depth.   Use <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> to set the desired subsampling (e.g. -sampling-factor 4:2:2).</td>
   1175   </tr>
   1176   </tbody>
   1177 </table>
   1178 </div>
   1179 
   1180 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="pseudo"></a>Pseudo-image Formats</h2>
   1181 
   1182 <p>ImageMagick supports a number of image format specifications which refer to images prepared via an algorithm, or input/output targets. The following table lists these pseudo-image formats:</p>
   1183 
   1184 <div class="table-responsive">
   1185 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
   1186   <tr>
   1187     <th>Tag</th>
   1188     <th>Mode</th>
   1189     <th>Description</th>
   1190     <th>Notes</th>
   1191   </tr>
   1192 
   1193   <tr>
   1194     <td>CANVAS</td>
   1195     <td>R</td>
   1196     <td>Canvas image of specified color</td>
   1197     <td>Useful to create solid color <var>canvas</var> images. Use
   1198        <a href="command-line-options.html#size" >-size</a> and <a
   1199        href="command-line-options.html#depth" >-depth</a> to specify the
   1200        image width, height, and depth.  Example canvas color specifications
   1201        include <code>canvas:red</code> and <code>canvas:#FF0000</code>.<br/>
   1202 
   1203        If no color is specified a '<code>white</code>' canvas image is
   1204        generated.  If no <a href="command-line-options.html#size" >-size</a> is specified
   1205        a single pixel image of the specified color is generated.</td>
   1206 
   1207   </tr>
   1208 
   1209   <tr>
   1210     <td>CAPTION</td>
   1211     <td>R</td>
   1212     <td>Image caption</td>
   1213     <td> </td>
   1214   </tr>
   1215 
   1216   <tr>
   1217     <td>CLIP</td>
   1218     <td>RW</td>
   1219     <td>Clip path of image</td>
   1220     <td> </td>
   1221   </tr>
   1222 
   1223   <tr>
   1224     <td>CLIPBOARD</td>
   1225     <td>RW</td>
   1226     <td>Windows Clipboard</td>
   1227     <td>Only available under Microsoft Windows.</td>
   1228   </tr>
   1229 
   1230   <tr>
   1231     <td>FRACTAL</td>
   1232     <td>R</td>
   1233     <td>Plasma fractal image</td>
   1234     <td> </td>
   1235   </tr>
   1236 
   1237   <tr>
   1238     <td>GRADIENT</td>
   1239     <td>R</td>
   1240     <td>Gradual passing from one shade to another</td>
   1241     <td>Returns a rendered linear top-to-bottom <a href="gradient.html">gradient image</a> using the specified image size.</td>
   1242 
   1243   </tr>
   1244 
   1245   <tr>
   1246     <td>HALD</td>
   1247     <td>R</td>
   1248     <td>Identity Hald CLUT Image</td>
   1249     <td>Select order with filename, e.g. hald:5 for order 5.</td>
   1250   </tr>
   1251 
   1252   <tr>
   1253     <td>HISTOGRAM</td>
   1254     <td>W</td>
   1255     <td>Histogram of the image</td>
   1256     <td>The histogram includes the unique colors of the image as an image comment.  If you have no need for the unique color list, use <code>-define histogram:unique-colors=false</code> to forego this expensive operation.</td>
   1257   </tr>
   1258 
   1259   <tr>
   1260     <td>LABEL</td>
   1261     <td>R</td>
   1262     <td>Text image format</td>
   1263     <td>Specify the desired text as the filename (e.g. <code>label:"This a label"</code>).</td>
   1264   </tr>
   1265 
   1266   <tr>
   1267     <td>MAP</td>
   1268     <td>RW</td>
   1269     <td>Colormap intensities and indices</td>
   1270     <td>Set -depth to set the sample size of the intensities; indices are 16-bit if colors &gt; 256.</td>
   1271   </tr>
   1272 
   1273   <tr>
   1274     <td>MASK</td>
   1275     <td>RW</td>
   1276     <td>Image mask</td>
   1277     <td> </td>
   1278   </tr>
   1279 
   1280   <tr>
   1281     <td>MATTE</td>
   1282     <td>W</td>
   1283     <td>MATTE format</td>
   1284     <td>Write only.</td>
   1285   </tr>
   1286 
   1287   <tr>
   1288     <td>NULL</td>
   1289     <td>RW</td>
   1290     <td>NULL image</td>
   1291     <td>Useful for creating blank tiles with <a href="montage.html">montage</a> (use <code>NULL:</code>). Also useful as an output format when evaluating image read performance.</td>
   1292   </tr>
   1293 
   1294   <tr>
   1295     <td>PANGO</td>
   1296     <td>R</td>
   1297     <td>Image caption</td>
   1298     <td>You can configure the caption layout with these defines: <code>-define pango:auto-dir=</code><var>true/false</var>, <code>-define pango:ellipsize=</code><var>start/middle/end</var>, <code>-define pango:gravity-hint=</code><var>natural/strong/line</var>, <code>-define pango:hinting=</code><var>none/auto/full</var>, <code>-define pango:indent=</code><var>points</var>, <code>-define pango:justify=</code><var>true/false</var>, <code>-define pango:language=</code><var>en_US/etc</var>, <code>-define pango:markup=</code><var>true/false</var>, <code>-define pango:single-paragraph=</code><var>true/false</var> and <code>-define pango:wrap=</code><var>word/char/word-char</var>.</td>
   1299   </tr>
   1300 
   1301   <tr>
   1302     <td>PLASMA</td>
   1303     <td>R</td>
   1304     <td>Plasma fractal image</td>
   1305     <td> </td>
   1306   </tr>
   1307 
   1308   <tr>
   1309     <td>PREVIEW</td>
   1310     <td>W</td>
   1311     <td>Show a preview an image enhancement, effect, or f/x</td>
   1312     <td>Creates a preview montage of images prepared over a parametric range in order to assist with parameter selection. Specify the desired
   1313     preview type via the -preview option).</td>
   1314   </tr>
   1315 
   1316   <tr>
   1317     <td>PRINT</td>
   1318     <td>W</td>
   1319     <td>Send image to your computer printer</td>
   1320     <td>Unix users may set the PRINTER (for 'lpr') or LPDEST (for 'lp') environment variables to select the desired printer.</td>
   1321   </tr>
   1322 
   1323   <tr>
   1324     <td>SCAN</td>
   1325     <td>R</td>
   1326     <td>Import image from a scanner device</td>
   1327     <td>Requires <a href="http://www.sane-project.org/">SANE</a> Specify the device name and path as the filename (e.g.  <code>scan:'hpaio:/usb/Officejet_6200_series?serial=CN4ATCE3G20453'</code>).</td>
   1328   </tr>
   1329 
   1330   <tr>
   1331     <td>RADIAL_GRADIENT</td>
   1332     <td>R</td>
   1333     <td>Gradual radial passing from one shade to another</td>
   1334     <td>Returns a rendered radial top-to-bottom <a href="gradient.html">gradient image</a> using the specified image size.</td>
   1335   </tr>
   1336 
   1337   <tr>
   1338     <td>SCANX</td>
   1339     <td>R</td>
   1340     <td>Import image from the default scanner device</td>
   1341     <td> </td>
   1342   </tr>
   1343 
   1344   <tr>
   1345     <td>SCREENSHOT</td>
   1346     <td>R</td>
   1347     <td>an image that shows the contents of a computer display</td>
   1348     <td> </td>
   1349   </tr>
   1350 
   1351   <tr>
   1352     <td>STEGANO</td>
   1353     <td>R</td>
   1354     <td>Steganographic image</td>
   1355     <td>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> command line option to specify width, height, and offset of the steganographic image</td>
   1356   </tr>
   1357 
   1358   <tr>
   1359     <td>TILE</td>
   1360     <td>R</td>
   1361     <td>Tiled image</td>
   1362     <td>Create a tiled version of an image at by tiling a image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> to specify the tiled image size. Tiles are composited on an image background and therefore is responsive to the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> option.  The image is specified similar to
   1363     <code>TILE:image.miff</code>.</td>
   1364   </tr>
   1365 
   1366   <tr>
   1367     <td>UNIQUE</td>
   1368     <td>W</td>
   1369     <td>Write only unique pixels to the image file.</td>
   1370     <td> </td>
   1371   </tr>
   1372 
   1373   <tr>
   1374     <td>VID</td>
   1375     <td>RW</td>
   1376     <td>Visual Image Directory</td>
   1377     <td>Used to create a thumbnailed directory (tiled thumbnails) of a set of images which may be used to select images to view via the <a href="display.html">display</a> program, or saved to a <a href="formats.html#MIFF">MIFF</a> or <a href="formats.html#SHTML">SHTML</a> file.</td>
   1378   </tr>
   1379 
   1380   <tr>
   1381     <td>WIN</td>
   1382     <td>RW</td>
   1383     <td>Select image from or display image to your computer screen</td>
   1384     <td>Only supported under Microsoft Windows.</td>
   1385   </tr>
   1386 
   1387   <tr>
   1388     <td>X</td>
   1389     <td>RW</td>
   1390     <td>Select image from or display image to your X server screen</td>
   1391     <td>Also see the <a href="import.html">import</a> and <a href="display.html">display</a>
   1392     programs.</td>
   1393   </tr>
   1394 
   1395   <tr>
   1396     <td>XC</td>
   1397     <td>R</td>
   1398     <td>Canvas image of specified color</td>
   1399     <td>An backward compatible alias for the '<code>canvas:</code>'
   1400     psuedo-file format, used to create a solid color <var>canvas</var> image.
   1401     </td>
   1402   </tr>
   1403 </table>
   1404 </div>
   1405 
   1406 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="builtin-images"></a>Built-in Images</h2>
   1407 
   1408 <p>ImageMagick includes a number of built-in (embedded) images which may be referenced as if they were an image file. The <code>magick:</code> format tag may be used via the syntax <code>magick:</code><var>name</var> to request an embedded image (e.g. <code>magick:logo</code>). For backwards compatibility, the image specifications <code>GRANITE:</code>, <code>LOGO:</code>, <code>NETSCAPE:</code>, and <code>ROSE:</code> may also be used to request images with those names.</p>
   1409 
   1410 <div class="table-responsive">
   1411 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
   1412   <tr>
   1413     <th>Tag</th>
   1414     <th>Mode</th>
   1415     <th>Description</th>
   1416     <th>Notes</th>
   1417   </tr>
   1418 
   1419   <tr>
   1420     <td>GRANITE</td>
   1421     <td>R</td>
   1422     <td>128x128 granite texture pattern</td>
   1423     <td><img src="../images/granite.png" width="64" height="64" alt="GRANITE"/></td>
   1424   </tr>
   1425 
   1426   <tr>
   1427     <td><a href="../images/logo.png">LOGO</a></td>
   1428     <td>R</td>
   1429     <td>ImageMagick Logo, 640x480</td>
   1430     <td><img src="../images/logo.jpg" width="123" height="118" alt="Logo"/></td>
   1431   </tr>
   1432 
   1433   <tr>
   1434     <td> NETSCAPE</td>
   1435     <td>R</td>
   1436     <td>image using colors in Netscape 216 (6x6x6 ) color cube, 216x144</td>
   1437     <td>Most commonly used with the <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> programs with the <a href="command-line-options.html#map">-map</a> option to create <var>web safe</var> images.</td>
   1438   </tr>
   1439 
   1440   <tr>
   1441     <td>ROSE</td>
   1442     <td>R</td>
   1443     <td>Picture of a rose, 70x46</td>
   1444     <td><img src="../images/rose.png" width="70" height="46" alt="ROSE"/></td>
   1445   </tr>
   1446 
   1447   <tr>
   1448     <td><a href="../images/wizard.png">WIZARD</a></td>
   1449     <td>R</td>
   1450     <td>ImageMagick Wizard, 480x640</td>
   1451     <td><img src="../images/wizard.jpg" width="125" height="167" alt="Logo"/></td>
   1452   </tr>
   1453 
   1454 </table></div>
   1455 
   1456 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="builtin-patterns"></a>Built-in Patterns</h2>
   1457 
   1458 <p>ImageMagick includes a number of built-in (embedded) patterns which may be referenced as if they were an image file. The <code>pattern:</code> format tag may be used via the syntax <code>pattern:</code><var>name</var> to request an embedded pattern (e.g. <code>pattern:checkerboard</code>). The pattern size is controlled with the <a href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> command line option.</p>
   1459 
   1460 <div class="table-responsive">
   1461 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
   1462   <tr>
   1463     <th>Tag</th>
   1464     <th>Mode</th>
   1465     <th>Description</th>
   1466     <th>Notes</th>
   1467   </tr>
   1468 
   1469   <tr>
   1470     <td>BRICKS</td>
   1471     <td>R</td>
   1472     <td>brick pattern, 16x16</td>
   1473     <td><img src="../images/patterns/bricks.png" width="100" height="26" alt="BRICKS" /></td>
   1474   </tr>
   1475 
   1476   <tr>
   1477     <td>CHECKERBOARD</td>
   1478     <td>R</td>
   1479     <td>checkerboard pattern, 30x30</td>
   1480     <td><img src="../images/patterns/checkerboard.png" width="100" height="26" alt="CHECKERBOARD" /></td>
   1481   </tr>
   1482 
   1483   <tr>
   1484     <td>CIRCLES</td>
   1485     <td>R</td>
   1486     <td>circles pattern, 16x16</td>
   1487     <td><img src="../images/patterns/circles.png" width="100" height="26" alt="CIRCLES"/></td>
   1488   </tr>
   1489 
   1490   <tr>
   1491     <td>CROSSHATCH</td>
   1492     <td>R</td>
   1493     <td>crosshatch pattern, 8x4</td>
   1494     <td><img src="../images/patterns/crosshatch.png" width="100" height="26" alt="CROSSHATCH" /></td>
   1495   </tr>
   1496 
   1497   <tr>
   1498     <td>CROSSHATCH30</td>
   1499     <td>R</td>
   1500     <td>crosshatch pattern with lines at 30 degrees, 8x4</td>
   1501     <td><img src="../images/patterns/crosshatch30.png" width="100" height="26" alt="CROSSHATCH30" /></td>
   1502   </tr>
   1503 
   1504   <tr>
   1505     <td>CROSSHATCH45</td>
   1506     <td>R</td>
   1507     <td>crosshatch pattern with lines at 45 degrees, 8x4</td>
   1508     <td><img src="../images/patterns/crosshatch45.png" width="100" height="26" alt="CROSSHATCH45" /></td>
   1509   </tr>
   1510 
   1511   <tr>
   1512     <td>FISHSCALES</td>
   1513     <td>R</td>
   1514     <td>fish scales pattern, 16x8</td>
   1515     <td><img src="../images/patterns/fishscales.png" width="100" height="26" alt="FISHSCALES" /></td>
   1516   </tr>
   1517 
   1518   <tr>
   1519     <td>GRAY0</td>
   1520     <td>R</td>
   1521     <td>0% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1522     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray0.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY0" /></td>
   1523   </tr>
   1524 
   1525   <tr>
   1526     <td>GRAY5</td>
   1527     <td>R</td>
   1528     <td>5% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1529     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray5.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY5" /></td>
   1530   </tr>
   1531 
   1532   <tr>
   1533     <td>GRAY10</td>
   1534     <td>R</td>
   1535     <td>10% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1536     <td> <img src="../images/patterns/gray10.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY10" /></td>
   1537   </tr>
   1538 
   1539   <tr>
   1540     <td>GRAY15</td>
   1541     <td>R</td>
   1542     <td>15% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1543     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray15.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY15" /></td>
   1544   </tr>
   1545 
   1546   <tr>
   1547     <td>GRAY20</td>
   1548     <td>R</td>
   1549     <td>20% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1550     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray20.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY20" /></td>
   1551   </tr>
   1552 
   1553   <tr>
   1554     <td>GRAY25</td>
   1555     <td>R</td>
   1556     <td>25% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1557     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray25.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY25" /></td>
   1558   </tr>
   1559 
   1560   <tr>
   1561     <td>GRAY30</td>
   1562     <td>R</td>
   1563     <td>30% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1564     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray30.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY30" /></td>
   1565   </tr>
   1566 
   1567   <tr>
   1568     <td>GRAY35</td>
   1569     <td>R</td>
   1570     <td>35% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1571     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray35.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY35" /></td>
   1572   </tr>
   1573 
   1574   <tr>
   1575     <td>GRAY40</td>
   1576     <td>R</td>
   1577     <td>40% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1578     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray40.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY40" /></td>
   1579   </tr>
   1580 
   1581   <tr>
   1582     <td>GRAY45</td>
   1583     <td>R</td>
   1584     <td>45% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1585     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray45.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY45" /></td>
   1586   </tr>
   1587 
   1588   <tr>
   1589     <td>GRAY50</td>
   1590     <td>R</td>
   1591     <td>50% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1592     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray50.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY50" /></td>
   1593   </tr>
   1594 
   1595   <tr>
   1596     <td>GRAY55</td>
   1597     <td>R</td>
   1598     <td>55% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1599     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray55.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY55" /></td>
   1600   </tr>
   1601 
   1602   <tr>
   1603     <td>GRAY60</td>
   1604     <td>R</td>
   1605     <td>60% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1606     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray60.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY60" /></td>
   1607   </tr>
   1608 
   1609   <tr>
   1610     <td>GRAY65</td>
   1611     <td>R</td>
   1612     <td>65% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1613     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray65.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY65" /></td>
   1614   </tr>
   1615 
   1616   <tr>
   1617     <td>GRAY70</td>
   1618     <td>R</td>
   1619     <td>70% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1620     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray70.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY70" /></td>
   1621   </tr>
   1622 
   1623   <tr>
   1624     <td>GRAY75</td>
   1625     <td>R</td>
   1626     <td>75% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1627     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray75.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY75" /></td>
   1628   </tr>
   1629 
   1630   <tr>
   1631     <td>GRAY80</td>
   1632     <td>R</td>
   1633     <td>80% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1634     <td> <img src="../images/patterns/gray80.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY80" /></td>
   1635   </tr>
   1636 
   1637   <tr>
   1638     <td>GRAY85</td>
   1639     <td>R</td>
   1640     <td>85% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1641     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray85.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY85" /></td>
   1642   </tr>
   1643 
   1644   <tr>
   1645     <td>GRAY90</td>
   1646     <td>R</td>
   1647     <td>100% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1648     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray90.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY90" /></td>
   1649   </tr>
   1650 
   1651   <tr>
   1652     <td>GRAY95</td>
   1653     <td>R</td>
   1654     <td>100% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1655     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray95.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY95" /></td>
   1656   </tr>
   1657 
   1658   <tr>
   1659     <td>GRAY100</td>
   1660     <td>R</td>
   1661     <td>100% intensity gray, 32x32</td>
   1662     <td><img src="../images/patterns/gray100.png" width="100" height="32" alt="GRAY100" /></td>
   1663   </tr>
   1664 
   1665   <tr>
   1666     <td>HEXAGONS</td>
   1667     <td>R</td>
   1668     <td>hexagon pattern, 30x18</td>
   1669     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hexagons.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HEXAGONS" /></td>
   1670   </tr>
   1671 
   1672   <tr>
   1673     <td>HORIZONTAL</td>
   1674     <td>R</td>
   1675     <td>horizontal line pattern, 8x4</td>
   1676     <td><img src="../images/patterns/horizontal.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HORIZONTAL" /></td>
   1677   </tr>
   1678 
   1679   <tr>
   1680     <td>HORIZONTAL2</td>
   1681     <td>R</td>
   1682     <td>horizontal line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1683     <td><img src="../images/patterns/horizontal2.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HORIZONTAL2" /></td>
   1684   </tr>
   1685 
   1686   <tr>
   1687     <td>HORIZONTAL3</td>
   1688     <td>R</td>
   1689     <td>horizontal line pattern, 9x9</td>
   1690     <td><img src="../images/patterns/horizontal3.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HORIZONTAL3" /></td>
   1691   </tr>
   1692 
   1693   <tr>
   1694     <td>HORIZONTALSAW</td>
   1695     <td>R</td>
   1696     <td>horizontal saw-tooth pattern, 16x8</td>
   1697     <td><img src="../images/patterns/horizontalsaw.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HORIZONTALSAW" /></td>
   1698   </tr>
   1699 
   1700   <tr>
   1701     <td>HS_BDIAGONAL</td>
   1702     <td>R</td>
   1703     <td>backward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8</td>
   1704     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_bdiagonal.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_BDIAGONAL" /></td>
   1705   </tr>
   1706 
   1707   <tr>
   1708     <td>HS_CROSS</td>
   1709     <td>R</td>
   1710     <td>cross line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1711     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_cross.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_CROSS" /></td>
   1712   </tr>
   1713 
   1714   <tr>
   1715     <td>HS_DIAGCROSS</td>
   1716     <td>R</td>
   1717     <td>diagonal line cross pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8</td>
   1718     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_diagcross.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_DIAGCROSS" /></td>
   1719   </tr>
   1720 
   1721   <tr>
   1722     <td>HS_FDIAGONAL</td>
   1723     <td>R</td>
   1724     <td>forward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8</td>
   1725     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_fdiagonal.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_FDIAGONAL" /></td>
   1726   </tr>
   1727 
   1728   <tr>
   1729     <td>HS_HORIZONTAL</td>
   1730     <td>R</td>
   1731     <td>horizontal line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1732     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_horizontal.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_HORIZONTAL" /></td>
   1733   </tr>
   1734 
   1735   <tr>
   1736     <td>HS_VERTICAL</td>
   1737     <td>R</td>
   1738     <td>vertical line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1739     <td><img src="../images/patterns/hs_vertical.png" width="100" height="26" alt="HS_VERTICAL" /></td>
   1740   </tr>
   1741 
   1742   <tr>
   1743     <td>LEFT30</td>
   1744     <td>R</td>
   1745     <td>forward diagonal pattern (30 degrees slope), 8x4</td>
   1746     <td><img src="../images/patterns/left30.png" width="100" height="26" alt="LEFT0" /></td>
   1747   </tr>
   1748 
   1749   <tr>
   1750     <td>LEFT45</td>
   1751     <td>R</td>
   1752     <td>forward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8</td>
   1753     <td><img src="../images/patterns/left45.png" width="100" height="26" alt="LEFT45" /></td>
   1754   </tr>
   1755 
   1756   <tr>
   1757     <td>LEFTSHINGLE</td>
   1758     <td>R</td>
   1759     <td>left shingle pattern, 24x24</td>
   1760     <td><img src="../images/patterns/leftshingle.png" width="100" height="26" alt="LEFTSHINGLE" /></td>
   1761   </tr>
   1762 
   1763   <tr>
   1764     <td>OCTAGONS</td>
   1765     <td>R</td>
   1766     <td>octagons pattern, 16x16</td>
   1767     <td><img src="../images/patterns/octagons.png" width="100" height="26" alt="OCTAGONS" /></td>
   1768   </tr>
   1769 
   1770   <tr>
   1771     <td>RIGHT30</td>
   1772     <td>R</td>
   1773     <td>backward diagonal line pattern (30 degrees) 8x4</td>
   1774     <td><img src="../images/patterns/right30.png" width="100" height="26" alt="RIGHT30" /></td>
   1775   </tr>
   1776 
   1777   <tr>
   1778     <td>RIGHT45</td>
   1779     <td>R</td>
   1780     <td>backward diagonal line pattern (30 degrees), 8x8</td>
   1781     <td><img src="../images/patterns/right45.png" width="100" height="26" alt="RIGHT45" /></td>
   1782   </tr>
   1783 
   1784   <tr>
   1785     <td>RIGHTSHINGLE</td>
   1786     <td>R</td>
   1787     <td>right shingle pattern, 24x24</td>
   1788     <td><img src="../images/patterns/rightshingle.png" width="100" height="26" alt="RIGHTSHINGLE" /></td>
   1789   </tr>
   1790 
   1791   <tr>
   1792     <td>SMALLFISHSCALES</td>
   1793     <td>R</td>
   1794     <td>small fish scales pattern, 8x8</td>
   1795     <td><img src="../images/patterns/smallfishscales.png" width="100" height="26" alt="SMALLFISHSCALES" /></td>
   1796   </tr>
   1797 
   1798   <tr>
   1799     <td>VERTICAL</td>
   1800     <td>R</td>
   1801     <td>vertical line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1802     <td><img src="../images/patterns/vertical.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICAL" /></td>
   1803   </tr>
   1804 
   1805   <tr>
   1806     <td>VERTICAL2</td>
   1807     <td>R</td>
   1808     <td>vertical line pattern, 8x8</td>
   1809     <td><img src="../images/patterns/vertical2.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICAL2" /></td>
   1810   </tr>
   1811 
   1812   <tr>
   1813     <td>VERTICAL3</td>
   1814     <td>R</td>
   1815     <td>vertical line pattern, 9x9</td>
   1816     <td><img src="../images/patterns/vertical3.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICAL3" /></td>
   1817   </tr>
   1818 
   1819   <tr>
   1820     <td>VERTICALBRICKS</td>
   1821     <td>R</td>
   1822     <td>vertical brick pattern, 16x16</td>
   1823     <td><img src="../images/patterns/verticalbricks.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICALBRICKS" /></td>
   1824   </tr>
   1825 
   1826   <tr>
   1827     <td>VERTICALLEFTSHINGLE</td>
   1828     <td>R</td>
   1829     <td>vertical left shingle pattern, 24x24</td>
   1830     <td><img src="../images/patterns/verticalleftshingle.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICALLEFTSHINGLE" /></td>
   1831   </tr>
   1832 
   1833   <tr>
   1834     <td>VERTICALRIGHTSHINGLE</td>
   1835     <td>R</td>
   1836     <td>vertical right shingle pattern, 24x24</td>
   1837     <td><img src="../images/patterns/verticalrightshingle.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICALRIGHTSHINGLE" /></td>
   1838   </tr>
   1839 
   1840   <tr>
   1841     <td>VERTICALSAW</td>
   1842     <td>R</td>
   1843     <td>vertical saw-tooth pattern, 8x16</td>
   1844     <td><img src="../images/patterns/verticalsaw.png" width="100" height="26" alt="VERTICALSAW" /></td>
   1845   </tr>
   1846 </table></div>
   1847 
   1848 <h2 class="magick-header"><a id="embedded"></a>Embedded Image Profiles</h2>
   1849 
   1850 <p>ImageMagick provides a number of format identifiers which are used to add, remove, and save embedded profiles for images which can support embedded profiles. Image types which may contain embedded profiles are TIFF, JPEG, and PDF.</p>
   1851 
   1852 <div class="table-responsive">
   1853 <table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
   1854   <tbody>
   1855   <tr>
   1856     <th>Tag</th>
   1857     <th>Mode</th>
   1858     <th>Description</th>
   1859     <th>Notes</th>
   1860   </tr>
   1861 
   1862   <tr>
   1863     <td>8BIM</td>
   1864     <td>RW</td>
   1865     <td>Photoshop resource format (binary)</td>
   1866     <td> </td>
   1867   </tr>
   1868 
   1869   <tr>
   1870     <td>8BIMTEXT</td>
   1871     <td>RW</td>
   1872     <td>Photoshop resource format (ASCII)</td>
   1873     <td>An ASCII representation of the 8BIM format.</td>
   1874   </tr>
   1875 
   1876   <tr>
   1877     <td>APP1</td>
   1878     <td>RW</td>
   1879     <td>Raw application information</td>
   1880     <td> </td>
   1881   </tr>
   1882 
   1883   <tr>
   1884     <td>APP1JPEG</td>
   1885     <td>RW</td>
   1886     <td>Raw JPEG binary data</td>
   1887     <td>Profile in JPEG wrapper.</td>
   1888   </tr>
   1889 
   1890   <tr>
   1891     <td>ICC</td>
   1892     <td>RW</td>
   1893     <td>International Color Consortium color profile</td>
   1894     <td>Also known as <code>ICM</code>. To read, use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> with
   1895       <a href="convert.html">convert</a>.</td>
   1896   </tr>
   1897 
   1898   <tr>
   1899     <td>IPTC</td>
   1900     <td>RW</td>
   1901     <td>IPTC Newsphoto (binary)</td>
   1902     <td>To read, use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> with <a href="convert.html">convert</a></td>
   1903   </tr>
   1904 
   1905   <tr>
   1906     <td>IPTCTEXT</td>
   1907     <td>RW</td>
   1908     <td>IPTC Newsphoto (ASCII)</td>
   1909     <td>An ASCII representation of the IPTC format.</td>
   1910   </tr>
   1911   </tbody>
   1912 </table></div>
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