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      1 //  2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
      2 // License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
      3 /*
      4 ******************************************************************************
      5 *   Copyright (C) 1996-2016, International Business Machines
      6 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
      7 ******************************************************************************
      8 */
      9 
     10 /**
     11  * \file
     12  * \brief C++ API: Collation Service.
     13  */
     14 
     15 /**
     16 * File coll.h
     17 *
     18 * Created by: Helena Shih
     19 *
     20 * Modification History:
     21 *
     22 *  Date        Name        Description
     23 * 02/5/97      aliu        Modified createDefault to load collation data from
     24 *                          binary files when possible.  Added related methods
     25 *                          createCollationFromFile, chopLocale, createPathName.
     26 * 02/11/97     aliu        Added members addToCache, findInCache, and fgCache.
     27 * 02/12/97     aliu        Modified to create objects from RuleBasedCollator cache.
     28 *                          Moved cache out of Collation class.
     29 * 02/13/97     aliu        Moved several methods out of this class and into
     30 *                          RuleBasedCollator, with modifications.  Modified
     31 *                          createDefault() to call new RuleBasedCollator(Locale&)
     32 *                          constructor.  General clean up and documentation.
     33 * 02/20/97     helena      Added clone, operator==, operator!=, operator=, copy
     34 *                          constructor and getDynamicClassID.
     35 * 03/25/97     helena      Updated with platform independent data types.
     36 * 05/06/97     helena      Added memory allocation error detection.
     37 * 06/20/97     helena      Java class name change.
     38 * 09/03/97     helena      Added createCollationKeyValues().
     39 * 02/10/98     damiba      Added compare() with length as parameter.
     40 * 04/23/99     stephen     Removed EDecompositionMode, merged with
     41 *                          Normalizer::EMode.
     42 * 11/02/99     helena      Collator performance enhancements.  Eliminates the
     43 *                          UnicodeString construction and special case for NO_OP.
     44 * 11/23/99     srl         More performance enhancements. Inlining of
     45 *                          critical accessors.
     46 * 05/15/00     helena      Added version information API.
     47 * 01/29/01     synwee      Modified into a C++ wrapper which calls C apis
     48 *                          (ucol.h).
     49 * 2012-2014    markus      Rewritten in C++ again.
     50 */
     51 
     52 #ifndef COLL_H
     53 #define COLL_H
     54 
     55 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
     56 
     57 #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION
     58 
     59 #include "unicode/uobject.h"
     60 #include "unicode/ucol.h"
     61 #include "unicode/unorm.h"
     62 #include "unicode/locid.h"
     63 #include "unicode/uniset.h"
     64 #include "unicode/umisc.h"
     65 #include "unicode/uiter.h"
     66 #include "unicode/stringpiece.h"
     67 
     68 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
     69 
     70 class StringEnumeration;
     71 
     72 #if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE
     73 /**
     74  * @stable ICU 2.6
     75  */
     76 class CollatorFactory;
     77 #endif
     78 
     79 /**
     80 * @stable ICU 2.0
     81 */
     82 class CollationKey;
     83 
     84 /**
     85 * The <code>Collator</code> class performs locale-sensitive string
     86 * comparison.<br>
     87 * You use this class to build searching and sorting routines for natural
     88 * language text.
     89 * <p>
     90 * <code>Collator</code> is an abstract base class. Subclasses implement
     91 * specific collation strategies. One subclass,
     92 * <code>RuleBasedCollator</code>, is currently provided and is applicable
     93 * to a wide set of languages. Other subclasses may be created to handle more
     94 * specialized needs.
     95 * <p>
     96 * Like other locale-sensitive classes, you can use the static factory method,
     97 * <code>createInstance</code>, to obtain the appropriate
     98 * <code>Collator</code> object for a given locale. You will only need to
     99 * look at the subclasses of <code>Collator</code> if you need to
    100 * understand the details of a particular collation strategy or if you need to
    101 * modify that strategy.
    102 * <p>
    103 * The following example shows how to compare two strings using the
    104 * <code>Collator</code> for the default locale.
    105 * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
    106 * <pre>
    107 * \code
    108 * // Compare two strings in the default locale
    109 * UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    110 * Collator* myCollator = Collator::createInstance(success);
    111 * if (myCollator->compare("abc", "ABC") < 0)
    112 *   cout << "abc is less than ABC" << endl;
    113 * else
    114 *   cout << "abc is greater than or equal to ABC" << endl;
    115 * \endcode
    116 * </pre>
    117 * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
    118 * <p>
    119 * You can set a <code>Collator</code>'s <em>strength</em> attribute to
    120 * determine the level of difference considered significant in comparisons.
    121 * Five strengths are provided: <code>PRIMARY</code>, <code>SECONDARY</code>,
    122 * <code>TERTIARY</code>, <code>QUATERNARY</code> and <code>IDENTICAL</code>.
    123 * The exact assignment of strengths to language features is locale dependent.
    124 * For example, in Czech, "e" and "f" are considered primary differences,
    125 * while "e" and "\u00EA" are secondary differences, "e" and "E" are tertiary
    126 * differences and "e" and "e" are identical. The following shows how both case
    127 * and accents could be ignored for US English.
    128 * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
    129 * <pre>
    130 * \code
    131 * //Get the Collator for US English and set its strength to PRIMARY
    132 * UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    133 * Collator* usCollator = Collator::createInstance(Locale::getUS(), success);
    134 * usCollator->setStrength(Collator::PRIMARY);
    135 * if (usCollator->compare("abc", "ABC") == 0)
    136 *     cout << "'abc' and 'ABC' strings are equivalent with strength PRIMARY" << endl;
    137 * \endcode
    138 * </pre>
    139 * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
    140 *
    141 * The <code>getSortKey</code> methods
    142 * convert a string to a series of bytes that can be compared bitwise against
    143 * other sort keys using <code>strcmp()</code>. Sort keys are written as
    144 * zero-terminated byte strings.
    145 *
    146 * Another set of APIs returns a <code>CollationKey</code> object that wraps
    147 * the sort key bytes instead of returning the bytes themselves.
    148 * </p>
    149 * <p>
    150 * <strong>Note:</strong> <code>Collator</code>s with different Locale,
    151 * and CollationStrength settings will return different sort
    152 * orders for the same set of strings. Locales have specific collation rules,
    153 * and the way in which secondary and tertiary differences are taken into
    154 * account, for example, will result in a different sorting order for same
    155 * strings.
    156 * </p>
    157 * @see         RuleBasedCollator
    158 * @see         CollationKey
    159 * @see         CollationElementIterator
    160 * @see         Locale
    161 * @see         Normalizer2
    162 * @version     2.0 11/15/01
    163 */
    164 
    165 class U_I18N_API Collator : public UObject {
    166 public:
    167 
    168     // Collator public enums -----------------------------------------------
    169 
    170     /**
    171      * Base letter represents a primary difference. Set comparison level to
    172      * PRIMARY to ignore secondary and tertiary differences.<br>
    173      * Use this to set the strength of a Collator object.<br>
    174      * Example of primary difference, "abc" &lt; "abd"
    175      *
    176      * Diacritical differences on the same base letter represent a secondary
    177      * difference. Set comparison level to SECONDARY to ignore tertiary
    178      * differences. Use this to set the strength of a Collator object.<br>
    179      * Example of secondary difference, "&auml;" >> "a".
    180      *
    181      * Uppercase and lowercase versions of the same character represents a
    182      * tertiary difference.  Set comparison level to TERTIARY to include all
    183      * comparison differences. Use this to set the strength of a Collator
    184      * object.<br>
    185      * Example of tertiary difference, "abc" &lt;&lt;&lt; "ABC".
    186      *
    187      * Two characters are considered "identical" when they have the same unicode
    188      * spellings.<br>
    189      * For example, "&auml;" == "&auml;".
    190      *
    191      * UCollationStrength is also used to determine the strength of sort keys
    192      * generated from Collator objects.
    193      * @stable ICU 2.0
    194      */
    195     enum ECollationStrength
    196     {
    197         PRIMARY    = UCOL_PRIMARY,  // 0
    198         SECONDARY  = UCOL_SECONDARY,  // 1
    199         TERTIARY   = UCOL_TERTIARY,  // 2
    200         QUATERNARY = UCOL_QUATERNARY,  // 3
    201         IDENTICAL  = UCOL_IDENTICAL  // 15
    202     };
    203 
    204 
    205     // Cannot use #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API for the following, it is
    206     // used by virtual methods that cannot have that conditional.
    207     /**
    208      * LESS is returned if source string is compared to be less than target
    209      * string in the compare() method.
    210      * EQUAL is returned if source string is compared to be equal to target
    211      * string in the compare() method.
    212      * GREATER is returned if source string is compared to be greater than
    213      * target string in the compare() method.
    214      * @see Collator#compare
    215      * @deprecated ICU 2.6. Use C enum UCollationResult defined in ucol.h
    216      */
    217     enum EComparisonResult
    218     {
    219         LESS = UCOL_LESS,  // -1
    220         EQUAL = UCOL_EQUAL,  // 0
    221         GREATER = UCOL_GREATER  // 1
    222     };
    223 
    224     // Collator public destructor -----------------------------------------
    225 
    226     /**
    227      * Destructor
    228      * @stable ICU 2.0
    229      */
    230     virtual ~Collator();
    231 
    232     // Collator public methods --------------------------------------------
    233 
    234     /**
    235      * Returns TRUE if "other" is the same as "this".
    236      *
    237      * The base class implementation returns TRUE if "other" has the same type/class as "this":
    238      * <code>typeid(*this) == typeid(other)</code>.
    239      *
    240      * Subclass implementations should do something like the following:
    241      * <pre>
    242      *   if (this == &other) { return TRUE; }
    243      *   if (!Collator::operator==(other)) { return FALSE; }  // not the same class
    244      *
    245      *   const MyCollator &o = (const MyCollator&)other;
    246      *   (compare this vs. o's subclass fields)
    247      * </pre>
    248      * @param other Collator object to be compared
    249      * @return TRUE if other is the same as this.
    250      * @stable ICU 2.0
    251      */
    252     virtual UBool operator==(const Collator& other) const;
    253 
    254     /**
    255      * Returns true if "other" is not the same as "this".
    256      * Calls ! operator==(const Collator&) const which works for all subclasses.
    257      * @param other Collator object to be compared
    258      * @return TRUE if other is not the same as this.
    259      * @stable ICU 2.0
    260      */
    261     virtual UBool operator!=(const Collator& other) const;
    262 
    263     /**
    264      * Makes a copy of this object.
    265      * @return a copy of this object, owned by the caller
    266      * @stable ICU 2.0
    267      */
    268     virtual Collator* clone(void) const = 0;
    269 
    270     /**
    271      * Creates the Collator object for the current default locale.
    272      * The default locale is determined by Locale::getDefault.
    273      * The UErrorCode& err parameter is used to return status information to the user.
    274      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check the
    275      * value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you can
    276      * check for informational error results which still indicate success.
    277      * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For
    278      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
    279      * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was
    280      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
    281      * could be found.
    282      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
    283      *
    284      * @param err    the error code status.
    285      * @return       the collation object of the default locale.(for example, en_US)
    286      * @see Locale#getDefault
    287      * @stable ICU 2.0
    288      */
    289     static Collator* U_EXPORT2 createInstance(UErrorCode&  err);
    290 
    291     /**
    292      * Gets the collation object for the desired locale. The
    293      * resource of the desired locale will be loaded.
    294      *
    295      * Locale::getRoot() is the base collation table and all other languages are
    296      * built on top of it with additional language-specific modifications.
    297      *
    298      * For some languages, multiple collation types are available;
    299      * for example, "de@collation=phonebook".
    300      * Starting with ICU 54, collation attributes can be specified via locale keywords as well,
    301      * in the old locale extension syntax ("el@colCaseFirst=upper")
    302      * or in language tag syntax ("el-u-kf-upper").
    303      * See <a href="http://userguide.icu-project.org/collation/api">User Guide: Collation API</a>.
    304      *
    305      * The UErrorCode& err parameter is used to return status information to the user.
    306      * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check
    307      * the value of U_SUCCESS(err).  If you wish more detailed information, you
    308      * can check for informational error results which still indicate success.
    309      * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used.  For
    310      * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was
    311      * used.  U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was
    312      * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales
    313      * could be found.
    314      *
    315      * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it.
    316      * @param loc    The locale ID for which to open a collator.
    317      * @param err    the error code status.
    318      * @return       the created table-based collation object based on the desired
    319      *               locale.
    320      * @see Locale
    321      * @see ResourceLoader
    322      * @stable ICU 2.2
    323      */
    324     static Collator* U_EXPORT2 createInstance(const Locale& loc, UErrorCode& err);
    325 
    326     /**
    327      * The comparison function compares the character data stored in two
    328      * different strings. Returns information about whether a string is less
    329      * than, greater than or equal to another string.
    330      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    331      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    332      * @return Returns a byte value. GREATER if source is greater
    333      * than target; EQUAL if source is equal to target; LESS if source is less
    334      * than target
    335      * @deprecated ICU 2.6 use the overload with UErrorCode &
    336      */
    337     virtual EComparisonResult compare(const UnicodeString& source,
    338                                       const UnicodeString& target) const;
    339 
    340     /**
    341      * The comparison function compares the character data stored in two
    342      * different strings. Returns information about whether a string is less
    343      * than, greater than or equal to another string.
    344      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    345      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    346      * @param status possible error code
    347      * @return Returns an enum value. UCOL_GREATER if source is greater
    348      * than target; UCOL_EQUAL if source is equal to target; UCOL_LESS if source is less
    349      * than target
    350      * @stable ICU 2.6
    351      */
    352     virtual UCollationResult compare(const UnicodeString& source,
    353                                       const UnicodeString& target,
    354                                       UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
    355 
    356     /**
    357      * Does the same thing as compare but limits the comparison to a specified
    358      * length
    359      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    360      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    361      * @param length the length the comparison is limited to
    362      * @return Returns a byte value. GREATER if source (up to the specified
    363      *         length) is greater than target; EQUAL if source (up to specified
    364      *         length) is equal to target; LESS if source (up to the specified
    365      *         length) is less  than target.
    366      * @deprecated ICU 2.6 use the overload with UErrorCode &
    367      */
    368     virtual EComparisonResult compare(const UnicodeString& source,
    369                                       const UnicodeString& target,
    370                                       int32_t length) const;
    371 
    372     /**
    373      * Does the same thing as compare but limits the comparison to a specified
    374      * length
    375      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    376      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    377      * @param length the length the comparison is limited to
    378      * @param status possible error code
    379      * @return Returns an enum value. UCOL_GREATER if source (up to the specified
    380      *         length) is greater than target; UCOL_EQUAL if source (up to specified
    381      *         length) is equal to target; UCOL_LESS if source (up to the specified
    382      *         length) is less  than target.
    383      * @stable ICU 2.6
    384      */
    385     virtual UCollationResult compare(const UnicodeString& source,
    386                                       const UnicodeString& target,
    387                                       int32_t length,
    388                                       UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
    389 
    390     /**
    391      * The comparison function compares the character data stored in two
    392      * different string arrays. Returns information about whether a string array
    393      * is less than, greater than or equal to another string array.
    394      * <p>Example of use:
    395      * <pre>
    396      * .       char16_t ABC[] = {0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0};  // = "ABC"
    397      * .       char16_t abc[] = {0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0};  // = "abc"
    398      * .       UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    399      * .       Collator *myCollation =
    400      * .                         Collator::createInstance(Locale::getUS(), status);
    401      * .       if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;
    402      * .       myCollation->setStrength(Collator::PRIMARY);
    403      * .       // result would be Collator::EQUAL ("abc" == "ABC")
    404      * .       // (no primary difference between "abc" and "ABC")
    405      * .       Collator::EComparisonResult result =
    406      * .                             myCollation->compare(abc, 3, ABC, 3);
    407      * .       myCollation->setStrength(Collator::TERTIARY);
    408      * .       // result would be Collator::LESS ("abc" &lt;&lt;&lt; "ABC")
    409      * .       // (with tertiary difference between "abc" and "ABC")
    410      * .       result = myCollation->compare(abc, 3, ABC, 3);
    411      * </pre>
    412      * @param source the source string array to be compared with.
    413      * @param sourceLength the length of the source string array.  If this value
    414      *        is equal to -1, the string array is null-terminated.
    415      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    416      * @param targetLength the length of the target string array.  If this value
    417      *        is equal to -1, the string array is null-terminated.
    418      * @return Returns a byte value. GREATER if source is greater than target;
    419      *         EQUAL if source is equal to target; LESS if source is less than
    420      *         target
    421      * @deprecated ICU 2.6 use the overload with UErrorCode &
    422      */
    423     virtual EComparisonResult compare(const char16_t* source, int32_t sourceLength,
    424                                       const char16_t* target, int32_t targetLength)
    425                                       const;
    426 
    427     /**
    428      * The comparison function compares the character data stored in two
    429      * different string arrays. Returns information about whether a string array
    430      * is less than, greater than or equal to another string array.
    431      * @param source the source string array to be compared with.
    432      * @param sourceLength the length of the source string array.  If this value
    433      *        is equal to -1, the string array is null-terminated.
    434      * @param target the string that is to be compared with the source string.
    435      * @param targetLength the length of the target string array.  If this value
    436      *        is equal to -1, the string array is null-terminated.
    437      * @param status possible error code
    438      * @return Returns an enum value. UCOL_GREATER if source is greater
    439      * than target; UCOL_EQUAL if source is equal to target; UCOL_LESS if source is less
    440      * than target
    441      * @stable ICU 2.6
    442      */
    443     virtual UCollationResult compare(const char16_t* source, int32_t sourceLength,
    444                                       const char16_t* target, int32_t targetLength,
    445                                       UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
    446 
    447     /**
    448      * Compares two strings using the Collator.
    449      * Returns whether the first one compares less than/equal to/greater than
    450      * the second one.
    451      * This version takes UCharIterator input.
    452      * @param sIter the first ("source") string iterator
    453      * @param tIter the second ("target") string iterator
    454      * @param status ICU status
    455      * @return UCOL_LESS, UCOL_EQUAL or UCOL_GREATER
    456      * @stable ICU 4.2
    457      */
    458     virtual UCollationResult compare(UCharIterator &sIter,
    459                                      UCharIterator &tIter,
    460                                      UErrorCode &status) const;
    461 
    462     /**
    463      * Compares two UTF-8 strings using the Collator.
    464      * Returns whether the first one compares less than/equal to/greater than
    465      * the second one.
    466      * This version takes UTF-8 input.
    467      * Note that a StringPiece can be implicitly constructed
    468      * from a std::string or a NUL-terminated const char * string.
    469      * @param source the first UTF-8 string
    470      * @param target the second UTF-8 string
    471      * @param status ICU status
    472      * @return UCOL_LESS, UCOL_EQUAL or UCOL_GREATER
    473      * @stable ICU 4.2
    474      */
    475     virtual UCollationResult compareUTF8(const StringPiece &source,
    476                                          const StringPiece &target,
    477                                          UErrorCode &status) const;
    478 
    479     /**
    480      * Transforms the string into a series of characters that can be compared
    481      * with CollationKey::compareTo. It is not possible to restore the original
    482      * string from the chars in the sort key.
    483      * <p>Use CollationKey::equals or CollationKey::compare to compare the
    484      * generated sort keys.
    485      * If the source string is null, a null collation key will be returned.
    486      *
    487      * Note that sort keys are often less efficient than simply doing comparison.
    488      * For more details, see the ICU User Guide.
    489      *
    490      * @param source the source string to be transformed into a sort key.
    491      * @param key the collation key to be filled in
    492      * @param status the error code status.
    493      * @return the collation key of the string based on the collation rules.
    494      * @see CollationKey#compare
    495      * @stable ICU 2.0
    496      */
    497     virtual CollationKey& getCollationKey(const UnicodeString&  source,
    498                                           CollationKey& key,
    499                                           UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
    500 
    501     /**
    502      * Transforms the string into a series of characters that can be compared
    503      * with CollationKey::compareTo. It is not possible to restore the original
    504      * string from the chars in the sort key.
    505      * <p>Use CollationKey::equals or CollationKey::compare to compare the
    506      * generated sort keys.
    507      * <p>If the source string is null, a null collation key will be returned.
    508      *
    509      * Note that sort keys are often less efficient than simply doing comparison.
    510      * For more details, see the ICU User Guide.
    511      *
    512      * @param source the source string to be transformed into a sort key.
    513      * @param sourceLength length of the collation key
    514      * @param key the collation key to be filled in
    515      * @param status the error code status.
    516      * @return the collation key of the string based on the collation rules.
    517      * @see CollationKey#compare
    518      * @stable ICU 2.0
    519      */
    520     virtual CollationKey& getCollationKey(const char16_t*source,
    521                                           int32_t sourceLength,
    522                                           CollationKey& key,
    523                                           UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
    524     /**
    525      * Generates the hash code for the collation object
    526      * @stable ICU 2.0
    527      */
    528     virtual int32_t hashCode(void) const = 0;
    529 
    530     /**
    531      * Gets the locale of the Collator
    532      *
    533      * @param type can be either requested, valid or actual locale. For more
    534      *             information see the definition of ULocDataLocaleType in
    535      *             uloc.h
    536      * @param status the error code status.
    537      * @return locale where the collation data lives. If the collator
    538      *         was instantiated from rules, locale is empty.
    539      * @deprecated ICU 2.8 This API is under consideration for revision
    540      * in ICU 3.0.
    541      */
    542     virtual Locale getLocale(ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode& status) const = 0;
    543 
    544     /**
    545      * Convenience method for comparing two strings based on the collation rules.
    546      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    547      * @param target the target string to be compared with.
    548      * @return true if the first string is greater than the second one,
    549      *         according to the collation rules. false, otherwise.
    550      * @see Collator#compare
    551      * @stable ICU 2.0
    552      */
    553     UBool greater(const UnicodeString& source, const UnicodeString& target)
    554                   const;
    555 
    556     /**
    557      * Convenience method for comparing two strings based on the collation rules.
    558      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    559      * @param target the target string to be compared with.
    560      * @return true if the first string is greater than or equal to the second
    561      *         one, according to the collation rules. false, otherwise.
    562      * @see Collator#compare
    563      * @stable ICU 2.0
    564      */
    565     UBool greaterOrEqual(const UnicodeString& source,
    566                          const UnicodeString& target) const;
    567 
    568     /**
    569      * Convenience method for comparing two strings based on the collation rules.
    570      * @param source the source string to be compared with.
    571      * @param target the target string to be compared with.
    572      * @return true if the strings are equal according to the collation rules.
    573      *         false, otherwise.
    574      * @see Collator#compare
    575      * @stable ICU 2.0
    576      */
    577     UBool equals(const UnicodeString& source, const UnicodeString& target) const;
    578 
    579     /**
    580      * Determines the minimum strength that will be used in comparison or
    581      * transformation.
    582      * <p>E.g. with strength == SECONDARY, the tertiary difference is ignored
    583      * <p>E.g. with strength == PRIMARY, the secondary and tertiary difference
    584      * are ignored.
    585      * @return the current comparison level.
    586      * @see Collator#setStrength
    587      * @deprecated ICU 2.6 Use getAttribute(UCOL_STRENGTH...) instead
    588      */
    589     virtual ECollationStrength getStrength(void) const;
    590 
    591     /**
    592      * Sets the minimum strength to be used in comparison or transformation.
    593      * <p>Example of use:
    594      * <pre>
    595      *  \code
    596      *  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    597      *  Collator*myCollation = Collator::createInstance(Locale::getUS(), status);
    598      *  if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;
    599      *  myCollation->setStrength(Collator::PRIMARY);
    600      *  // result will be "abc" == "ABC"
    601      *  // tertiary differences will be ignored
    602      *  Collator::ComparisonResult result = myCollation->compare("abc", "ABC");
    603      * \endcode
    604      * </pre>
    605      * @see Collator#getStrength
    606      * @param newStrength the new comparison level.
    607      * @deprecated ICU 2.6 Use setAttribute(UCOL_STRENGTH...) instead
    608      */
    609     virtual void setStrength(ECollationStrength newStrength);
    610 
    611     /**
    612      * Retrieves the reordering codes for this collator.
    613      * @param dest The array to fill with the script ordering.
    614      * @param destCapacity The length of dest. If it is 0, then dest may be NULL and the function
    615      *  will only return the length of the result without writing any codes (pre-flighting).
    616      * @param status A reference to an error code value, which must not indicate
    617      * a failure before the function call.
    618      * @return The length of the script ordering array.
    619      * @see ucol_setReorderCodes
    620      * @see Collator#getEquivalentReorderCodes
    621      * @see Collator#setReorderCodes
    622      * @see UScriptCode
    623      * @see UColReorderCode
    624      * @stable ICU 4.8
    625      */
    626      virtual int32_t getReorderCodes(int32_t *dest,
    627                                      int32_t destCapacity,
    628                                      UErrorCode& status) const;
    629 
    630     /**
    631      * Sets the ordering of scripts for this collator.
    632      *
    633      * <p>The reordering codes are a combination of script codes and reorder codes.
    634      * @param reorderCodes An array of script codes in the new order. This can be NULL if the
    635      * length is also set to 0. An empty array will clear any reordering codes on the collator.
    636      * @param reorderCodesLength The length of reorderCodes.
    637      * @param status error code
    638      * @see ucol_setReorderCodes
    639      * @see Collator#getReorderCodes
    640      * @see Collator#getEquivalentReorderCodes
    641      * @see UScriptCode
    642      * @see UColReorderCode
    643      * @stable ICU 4.8
    644      */
    645      virtual void setReorderCodes(const int32_t* reorderCodes,
    646                                   int32_t reorderCodesLength,
    647                                   UErrorCode& status) ;
    648 
    649     /**
    650      * Retrieves the reorder codes that are grouped with the given reorder code. Some reorder
    651      * codes will be grouped and must reorder together.
    652      * Beginning with ICU 55, scripts only reorder together if they are primary-equal,
    653      * for example Hiragana and Katakana.
    654      *
    655      * @param reorderCode The reorder code to determine equivalence for.
    656      * @param dest The array to fill with the script equivalence reordering codes.
    657      * @param destCapacity The length of dest. If it is 0, then dest may be NULL and the
    658      * function will only return the length of the result without writing any codes (pre-flighting).
    659      * @param status A reference to an error code value, which must not indicate
    660      * a failure before the function call.
    661      * @return The length of the of the reordering code equivalence array.
    662      * @see ucol_setReorderCodes
    663      * @see Collator#getReorderCodes
    664      * @see Collator#setReorderCodes
    665      * @see UScriptCode
    666      * @see UColReorderCode
    667      * @stable ICU 4.8
    668      */
    669     static int32_t U_EXPORT2 getEquivalentReorderCodes(int32_t reorderCode,
    670                                 int32_t* dest,
    671                                 int32_t destCapacity,
    672                                 UErrorCode& status);
    673 
    674     /**
    675      * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the desired language
    676      * @param objectLocale must be from getAvailableLocales
    677      * @param displayLocale specifies the desired locale for output
    678      * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value
    679      * @return display-able name of the object for the object locale in the
    680      *         desired language
    681      * @stable ICU 2.0
    682      */
    683     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale,
    684                                          const Locale& displayLocale,
    685                                          UnicodeString& name);
    686 
    687     /**
    688     * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the language of the
    689     * default locale.
    690     * @param objectLocale must be from getAvailableLocales
    691     * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value
    692     * @return name of the object for the desired locale in the default language
    693     * @stable ICU 2.0
    694     */
    695     static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale,
    696                                          UnicodeString& name);
    697 
    698     /**
    699      * Get the set of Locales for which Collations are installed.
    700      *
    701      * <p>Note this does not include locales supported by registered collators.
    702      * If collators might have been registered, use the overload of getAvailableLocales
    703      * that returns a StringEnumeration.</p>
    704      *
    705      * @param count the output parameter of number of elements in the locale list
    706      * @return the list of available locales for which collations are installed
    707      * @stable ICU 2.0
    708      */
    709     static const Locale* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(int32_t& count);
    710 
    711     /**
    712      * Return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call,
    713      * including registered locales.  If a severe error occurs (such as out of memory
    714      * condition) this will return null. If there is no locale data, an empty enumeration
    715      * will be returned.
    716      * @return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call
    717      * @stable ICU 2.6
    718      */
    719     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(void);
    720 
    721     /**
    722      * Create a string enumerator of all possible keywords that are relevant to
    723      * collation. At this point, the only recognized keyword for this
    724      * service is "collation".
    725      * @param status input-output error code
    726      * @return a string enumeration over locale strings. The caller is
    727      * responsible for closing the result.
    728      * @stable ICU 3.0
    729      */
    730     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getKeywords(UErrorCode& status);
    731 
    732     /**
    733      * Given a keyword, create a string enumeration of all values
    734      * for that keyword that are currently in use.
    735      * @param keyword a particular keyword as enumerated by
    736      * ucol_getKeywords. If any other keyword is passed in, status is set
    737      * to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
    738      * @param status input-output error code
    739      * @return a string enumeration over collation keyword values, or NULL
    740      * upon error. The caller is responsible for deleting the result.
    741      * @stable ICU 3.0
    742      */
    743     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getKeywordValues(const char *keyword, UErrorCode& status);
    744 
    745     /**
    746      * Given a key and a locale, returns an array of string values in a preferred
    747      * order that would make a difference. These are all and only those values where
    748      * the open (creation) of the service with the locale formed from the input locale
    749      * plus input keyword and that value has different behavior than creation with the
    750      * input locale alone.
    751      * @param keyword        one of the keys supported by this service.  For now, only
    752      *                      "collation" is supported.
    753      * @param locale        the locale
    754      * @param commonlyUsed  if set to true it will return only commonly used values
    755      *                      with the given locale in preferred order.  Otherwise,
    756      *                      it will return all the available values for the locale.
    757      * @param status ICU status
    758      * @return a string enumeration over keyword values for the given key and the locale.
    759      * @stable ICU 4.2
    760      */
    761     static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getKeywordValuesForLocale(const char* keyword, const Locale& locale,
    762                                                                     UBool commonlyUsed, UErrorCode& status);
    763 
    764     /**
    765      * Return the functionally equivalent locale for the given
    766      * requested locale, with respect to given keyword, for the
    767      * collation service.  If two locales return the same result, then
    768      * collators instantiated for these locales will behave
    769      * equivalently.  The converse is not always true; two collators
    770      * may in fact be equivalent, but return different results, due to
    771      * internal details.  The return result has no other meaning than
    772      * that stated above, and implies nothing as to the relationship
    773      * between the two locales.  This is intended for use by
    774      * applications who wish to cache collators, or otherwise reuse
    775      * collators when possible.  The functional equivalent may change
    776      * over time.  For more information, please see the <a
    777      * href="http://userguide.icu-project.org/locale#TOC-Locales-and-Services">
    778      * Locales and Services</a> section of the ICU User Guide.
    779      * @param keyword a particular keyword as enumerated by
    780      * ucol_getKeywords.
    781      * @param locale the requested locale
    782      * @param isAvailable reference to a fillin parameter that
    783      * indicates whether the requested locale was 'available' to the
    784      * collation service. A locale is defined as 'available' if it
    785      * physically exists within the collation locale data.
    786      * @param status reference to input-output error code
    787      * @return the functionally equivalent collation locale, or the root
    788      * locale upon error.
    789      * @stable ICU 3.0
    790      */
    791     static Locale U_EXPORT2 getFunctionalEquivalent(const char* keyword, const Locale& locale,
    792                                           UBool& isAvailable, UErrorCode& status);
    793 
    794 #if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE
    795     /**
    796      * Register a new Collator.  The collator will be adopted.
    797      * Because ICU may choose to cache collators internally, this must be
    798      * called at application startup, prior to any calls to
    799      * Collator::createInstance to avoid undefined behavior.
    800      * @param toAdopt the Collator instance to be adopted
    801      * @param locale the locale with which the collator will be associated
    802      * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned
    803      * @return a registry key that can be used to unregister this collator
    804      * @stable ICU 2.6
    805      */
    806     static URegistryKey U_EXPORT2 registerInstance(Collator* toAdopt, const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
    807 
    808     /**
    809      * Register a new CollatorFactory.  The factory will be adopted.
    810      * Because ICU may choose to cache collators internally, this must be
    811      * called at application startup, prior to any calls to
    812      * Collator::createInstance to avoid undefined behavior.
    813      * @param toAdopt the CollatorFactory instance to be adopted
    814      * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned
    815      * @return a registry key that can be used to unregister this collator
    816      * @stable ICU 2.6
    817      */
    818     static URegistryKey U_EXPORT2 registerFactory(CollatorFactory* toAdopt, UErrorCode& status);
    819 
    820     /**
    821      * Unregister a previously-registered Collator or CollatorFactory
    822      * using the key returned from the register call.  Key becomes
    823      * invalid after a successful call and should not be used again.
    824      * The object corresponding to the key will be deleted.
    825      * Because ICU may choose to cache collators internally, this should
    826      * be called during application shutdown, after all calls to
    827      * Collator::createInstance to avoid undefined behavior.
    828      * @param key the registry key returned by a previous call to registerInstance
    829      * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned
    830      * @return TRUE if the collator for the key was successfully unregistered
    831      * @stable ICU 2.6
    832      */
    833     static UBool U_EXPORT2 unregister(URegistryKey key, UErrorCode& status);
    834 #endif /* UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE */
    835 
    836     /**
    837      * Gets the version information for a Collator.
    838      * @param info the version # information, the result will be filled in
    839      * @stable ICU 2.0
    840      */
    841     virtual void getVersion(UVersionInfo info) const = 0;
    842 
    843     /**
    844      * Returns a unique class ID POLYMORPHICALLY. Pure virtual method.
    845      * This method is to implement a simple version of RTTI, since not all C++
    846      * compilers support genuine RTTI. Polymorphic operator==() and clone()
    847      * methods call this method.
    848      * @return The class ID for this object. All objects of a given class have
    849      *         the same class ID.  Objects of other classes have different class
    850      *         IDs.
    851      * @stable ICU 2.0
    852      */
    853     virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0;
    854 
    855     /**
    856      * Universal attribute setter
    857      * @param attr attribute type
    858      * @param value attribute value
    859      * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or
    860      *        there were errors
    861      * @stable ICU 2.2
    862      */
    863     virtual void setAttribute(UColAttribute attr, UColAttributeValue value,
    864                               UErrorCode &status) = 0;
    865 
    866     /**
    867      * Universal attribute getter
    868      * @param attr attribute type
    869      * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or
    870      *        there were errors
    871      * @return attribute value
    872      * @stable ICU 2.2
    873      */
    874     virtual UColAttributeValue getAttribute(UColAttribute attr,
    875                                             UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
    876 
    877     /**
    878      * Sets the variable top to the top of the specified reordering group.
    879      * The variable top determines the highest-sorting character
    880      * which is affected by UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING.
    881      * If that attribute is set to UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE, then the variable top has no effect.
    882      *
    883      * The base class implementation sets U_UNSUPPORTED_ERROR.
    884      * @param group one of UCOL_REORDER_CODE_SPACE, UCOL_REORDER_CODE_PUNCTUATION,
    885      *              UCOL_REORDER_CODE_SYMBOL, UCOL_REORDER_CODE_CURRENCY;
    886      *              or UCOL_REORDER_CODE_DEFAULT to restore the default max variable group
    887      * @param errorCode Standard ICU error code. Its input value must
    888      *                  pass the U_SUCCESS() test, or else the function returns
    889      *                  immediately. Check for U_FAILURE() on output or use with
    890      *                  function chaining. (See User Guide for details.)
    891      * @return *this
    892      * @see getMaxVariable
    893      * @stable ICU 53
    894      */
    895     virtual Collator &setMaxVariable(UColReorderCode group, UErrorCode &errorCode);
    896 
    897     /**
    898      * Returns the maximum reordering group whose characters are affected by UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING.
    899      *
    900      * The base class implementation returns UCOL_REORDER_CODE_PUNCTUATION.
    901      * @return the maximum variable reordering group.
    902      * @see setMaxVariable
    903      * @stable ICU 53
    904      */
    905     virtual UColReorderCode getMaxVariable() const;
    906 
    907     /**
    908      * Sets the variable top to the primary weight of the specified string.
    909      *
    910      * Beginning with ICU 53, the variable top is pinned to
    911      * the top of one of the supported reordering groups,
    912      * and it must not be beyond the last of those groups.
    913      * See setMaxVariable().
    914      * @param varTop one or more (if contraction) char16_ts to which the variable top should be set
    915      * @param len length of variable top string. If -1 it is considered to be zero terminated.
    916      * @param status error code. If error code is set, the return value is undefined. Errors set by this function are: <br>
    917      *    U_CE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR if more than one character was passed and there is no such contraction<br>
    918      *    U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR if the variable top is beyond
    919      *    the last reordering group supported by setMaxVariable()
    920      * @return variable top primary weight
    921      * @deprecated ICU 53 Call setMaxVariable() instead.
    922      */
    923     virtual uint32_t setVariableTop(const char16_t *varTop, int32_t len, UErrorCode &status) = 0;
    924 
    925     /**
    926      * Sets the variable top to the primary weight of the specified string.
    927      *
    928      * Beginning with ICU 53, the variable top is pinned to
    929      * the top of one of the supported reordering groups,
    930      * and it must not be beyond the last of those groups.
    931      * See setMaxVariable().
    932      * @param varTop a UnicodeString size 1 or more (if contraction) of char16_ts to which the variable top should be set
    933      * @param status error code. If error code is set, the return value is undefined. Errors set by this function are: <br>
    934      *    U_CE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR if more than one character was passed and there is no such contraction<br>
    935      *    U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR if the variable top is beyond
    936      *    the last reordering group supported by setMaxVariable()
    937      * @return variable top primary weight
    938      * @deprecated ICU 53 Call setMaxVariable() instead.
    939      */
    940     virtual uint32_t setVariableTop(const UnicodeString &varTop, UErrorCode &status) = 0;
    941 
    942     /**
    943      * Sets the variable top to the specified primary weight.
    944      *
    945      * Beginning with ICU 53, the variable top is pinned to
    946      * the top of one of the supported reordering groups,
    947      * and it must not be beyond the last of those groups.
    948      * See setMaxVariable().
    949      * @param varTop primary weight, as returned by setVariableTop or ucol_getVariableTop
    950      * @param status error code
    951      * @deprecated ICU 53 Call setMaxVariable() instead.
    952      */
    953     virtual void setVariableTop(uint32_t varTop, UErrorCode &status) = 0;
    954 
    955     /**
    956      * Gets the variable top value of a Collator.
    957      * @param status error code (not changed by function). If error code is set, the return value is undefined.
    958      * @return the variable top primary weight
    959      * @see getMaxVariable
    960      * @stable ICU 2.0
    961      */
    962     virtual uint32_t getVariableTop(UErrorCode &status) const = 0;
    963 
    964     /**
    965      * Get a UnicodeSet that contains all the characters and sequences
    966      * tailored in this collator.
    967      * @param status      error code of the operation
    968      * @return a pointer to a UnicodeSet object containing all the
    969      *         code points and sequences that may sort differently than
    970      *         in the root collator. The object must be disposed of by using delete
    971      * @stable ICU 2.4
    972      */
    973     virtual UnicodeSet *getTailoredSet(UErrorCode &status) const;
    974 
    975     /**
    976      * Same as clone().
    977      * The base class implementation simply calls clone().
    978      * @return a copy of this object, owned by the caller
    979      * @see clone()
    980      * @deprecated ICU 50 no need to have two methods for cloning
    981      */
    982     virtual Collator* safeClone(void) const;
    983 
    984     /**
    985      * Get the sort key as an array of bytes from a UnicodeString.
    986      * Sort key byte arrays are zero-terminated and can be compared using
    987      * strcmp().
    988      *
    989      * Note that sort keys are often less efficient than simply doing comparison.
    990      * For more details, see the ICU User Guide.
    991      *
    992      * @param source string to be processed.
    993      * @param result buffer to store result in. If NULL, number of bytes needed
    994      *        will be returned.
    995      * @param resultLength length of the result buffer. If if not enough the
    996      *        buffer will be filled to capacity.
    997      * @return Number of bytes needed for storing the sort key
    998      * @stable ICU 2.2
    999      */
   1000     virtual int32_t getSortKey(const UnicodeString& source,
   1001                               uint8_t* result,
   1002                               int32_t resultLength) const = 0;
   1003 
   1004     /**
   1005      * Get the sort key as an array of bytes from a char16_t buffer.
   1006      * Sort key byte arrays are zero-terminated and can be compared using
   1007      * strcmp().
   1008      *
   1009      * Note that sort keys are often less efficient than simply doing comparison.
   1010      * For more details, see the ICU User Guide.
   1011      *
   1012      * @param source string to be processed.
   1013      * @param sourceLength length of string to be processed.
   1014      *        If -1, the string is 0 terminated and length will be decided by the
   1015      *        function.
   1016      * @param result buffer to store result in. If NULL, number of bytes needed
   1017      *        will be returned.
   1018      * @param resultLength length of the result buffer. If if not enough the
   1019      *        buffer will be filled to capacity.
   1020      * @return Number of bytes needed for storing the sort key
   1021      * @stable ICU 2.2
   1022      */
   1023     virtual int32_t getSortKey(const char16_t*source, int32_t sourceLength,
   1024                                uint8_t*result, int32_t resultLength) const = 0;
   1025 
   1026     /**
   1027      * Produce a bound for a given sortkey and a number of levels.
   1028      * Return value is always the number of bytes needed, regardless of
   1029      * whether the result buffer was big enough or even valid.<br>
   1030      * Resulting bounds can be used to produce a range of strings that are
   1031      * between upper and lower bounds. For example, if bounds are produced
   1032      * for a sortkey of string "smith", strings between upper and lower
   1033      * bounds with one level would include "Smith", "SMITH", "sMiTh".<br>
   1034      * There are two upper bounds that can be produced. If UCOL_BOUND_UPPER
   1035      * is produced, strings matched would be as above. However, if bound
   1036      * produced using UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG is used, the above example will
   1037      * also match "Smithsonian" and similar.<br>
   1038      * For more on usage, see example in cintltst/capitst.c in procedure
   1039      * TestBounds.
   1040      * Sort keys may be compared using <TT>strcmp</TT>.
   1041      * @param source The source sortkey.
   1042      * @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
   1043      *                     (If an unmodified sortkey is passed, it is always null
   1044      *                      terminated).
   1045      * @param boundType Type of bound required. It can be UCOL_BOUND_LOWER, which
   1046      *                  produces a lower inclusive bound, UCOL_BOUND_UPPER, that
   1047      *                  produces upper bound that matches strings of the same length
   1048      *                  or UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG that matches strings that have the
   1049      *                  same starting substring as the source string.
   1050      * @param noOfLevels  Number of levels required in the resulting bound (for most
   1051      *                    uses, the recommended value is 1). See users guide for
   1052      *                    explanation on number of levels a sortkey can have.
   1053      * @param result A pointer to a buffer to receive the resulting sortkey.
   1054      * @param resultLength The maximum size of result.
   1055      * @param status Used for returning error code if something went wrong. If the
   1056      *               number of levels requested is higher than the number of levels
   1057      *               in the source key, a warning (U_SORT_KEY_TOO_SHORT_WARNING) is
   1058      *               issued.
   1059      * @return The size needed to fully store the bound.
   1060      * @see ucol_keyHashCode
   1061      * @stable ICU 2.1
   1062      */
   1063     static int32_t U_EXPORT2 getBound(const uint8_t       *source,
   1064             int32_t             sourceLength,
   1065             UColBoundMode       boundType,
   1066             uint32_t            noOfLevels,
   1067             uint8_t             *result,
   1068             int32_t             resultLength,
   1069             UErrorCode          &status);
   1070 
   1071 
   1072 protected:
   1073 
   1074     // Collator protected constructors -------------------------------------
   1075 
   1076     /**
   1077     * Default constructor.
   1078     * Constructor is different from the old default Collator constructor.
   1079     * The task for determing the default collation strength and normalization
   1080     * mode is left to the child class.
   1081     * @stable ICU 2.0
   1082     */
   1083     Collator();
   1084 
   1085 #ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
   1086     /**
   1087     * Constructor.
   1088     * Empty constructor, does not handle the arguments.
   1089     * This constructor is done for backward compatibility with 1.7 and 1.8.
   1090     * The task for handling the argument collation strength and normalization
   1091     * mode is left to the child class.
   1092     * @param collationStrength collation strength
   1093     * @param decompositionMode
   1094     * @deprecated ICU 2.4. Subclasses should use the default constructor
   1095     * instead and handle the strength and normalization mode themselves.
   1096     */
   1097     Collator(UCollationStrength collationStrength,
   1098              UNormalizationMode decompositionMode);
   1099 #endif  /* U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API */
   1100 
   1101     /**
   1102     * Copy constructor.
   1103     * @param other Collator object to be copied from
   1104     * @stable ICU 2.0
   1105     */
   1106     Collator(const Collator& other);
   1107 
   1108 public:
   1109    /**
   1110     * Used internally by registration to define the requested and valid locales.
   1111     * @param requestedLocale the requested locale
   1112     * @param validLocale the valid locale
   1113     * @param actualLocale the actual locale
   1114     * @internal
   1115     */
   1116     virtual void setLocales(const Locale& requestedLocale, const Locale& validLocale, const Locale& actualLocale);
   1117 
   1118     /** Get the short definition string for a collator. This internal API harvests the collator's
   1119      *  locale and the attribute set and produces a string that can be used for opening
   1120      *  a collator with the same attributes using the ucol_openFromShortString API.
   1121      *  This string will be normalized.
   1122      *  The structure and the syntax of the string is defined in the "Naming collators"
   1123      *  section of the users guide:
   1124      *  http://userguide.icu-project.org/collation/concepts#TOC-Collator-naming-scheme
   1125      *  This function supports preflighting.
   1126      *
   1127      *  This is internal, and intended to be used with delegate converters.
   1128      *
   1129      *  @param locale a locale that will appear as a collators locale in the resulting
   1130      *                short string definition. If NULL, the locale will be harvested
   1131      *                from the collator.
   1132      *  @param buffer space to hold the resulting string
   1133      *  @param capacity capacity of the buffer
   1134      *  @param status for returning errors. All the preflighting errors are featured
   1135      *  @return length of the resulting string
   1136      *  @see ucol_openFromShortString
   1137      *  @see ucol_normalizeShortDefinitionString
   1138      *  @see ucol_getShortDefinitionString
   1139      *  @internal
   1140      */
   1141     virtual int32_t internalGetShortDefinitionString(const char *locale,
   1142                                                      char *buffer,
   1143                                                      int32_t capacity,
   1144                                                      UErrorCode &status) const;
   1145 
   1146     /**
   1147      * Implements ucol_strcollUTF8().
   1148      * @internal
   1149      */
   1150     virtual UCollationResult internalCompareUTF8(
   1151             const char *left, int32_t leftLength,
   1152             const char *right, int32_t rightLength,
   1153             UErrorCode &errorCode) const;
   1154 
   1155     /**
   1156      * Implements ucol_nextSortKeyPart().
   1157      * @internal
   1158      */
   1159     virtual int32_t
   1160     internalNextSortKeyPart(
   1161             UCharIterator *iter, uint32_t state[2],
   1162             uint8_t *dest, int32_t count, UErrorCode &errorCode) const;
   1163 
   1164 #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
   1165     /** @internal */
   1166     static inline Collator *fromUCollator(UCollator *uc) {
   1167         return reinterpret_cast<Collator *>(uc);
   1168     }
   1169     /** @internal */
   1170     static inline const Collator *fromUCollator(const UCollator *uc) {
   1171         return reinterpret_cast<const Collator *>(uc);
   1172     }
   1173     /** @internal */
   1174     inline UCollator *toUCollator() {
   1175         return reinterpret_cast<UCollator *>(this);
   1176     }
   1177     /** @internal */
   1178     inline const UCollator *toUCollator() const {
   1179         return reinterpret_cast<const UCollator *>(this);
   1180     }
   1181 #endif  // U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
   1182 
   1183 private:
   1184     /**
   1185      * Assignment operator. Private for now.
   1186      */
   1187     Collator& operator=(const Collator& other);
   1188 
   1189     friend class CFactory;
   1190     friend class SimpleCFactory;
   1191     friend class ICUCollatorFactory;
   1192     friend class ICUCollatorService;
   1193     static Collator* makeInstance(const Locale& desiredLocale,
   1194                                   UErrorCode& status);
   1195 };
   1196 
   1197 #if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE
   1198 /**
   1199  * A factory, used with registerFactory, the creates multiple collators and provides
   1200  * display names for them.  A factory supports some number of locales-- these are the
   1201  * locales for which it can create collators.  The factory can be visible, in which
   1202  * case the supported locales will be enumerated by getAvailableLocales, or invisible,
   1203  * in which they are not.  Invisible locales are still supported, they are just not
   1204  * listed by getAvailableLocales.
   1205  * <p>
   1206  * If standard locale display names are sufficient, Collator instances can
   1207  * be registered using registerInstance instead.</p>
   1208  * <p>
   1209  * Note: if the collators are to be used from C APIs, they must be instances
   1210  * of RuleBasedCollator.</p>
   1211  *
   1212  * @stable ICU 2.6
   1213  */
   1214 class U_I18N_API CollatorFactory : public UObject {
   1215 public:
   1216 
   1217     /**
   1218      * Destructor
   1219      * @stable ICU 3.0
   1220      */
   1221     virtual ~CollatorFactory();
   1222 
   1223     /**
   1224      * Return true if this factory is visible.  Default is true.
   1225      * If not visible, the locales supported by this factory will not
   1226      * be listed by getAvailableLocales.
   1227      * @return true if the factory is visible.
   1228      * @stable ICU 2.6
   1229      */
   1230     virtual UBool visible(void) const;
   1231 
   1232     /**
   1233      * Return a collator for the provided locale.  If the locale
   1234      * is not supported, return NULL.
   1235      * @param loc the locale identifying the collator to be created.
   1236      * @return a new collator if the locale is supported, otherwise NULL.
   1237      * @stable ICU 2.6
   1238      */
   1239     virtual Collator* createCollator(const Locale& loc) = 0;
   1240 
   1241     /**
   1242      * Return the name of the collator for the objectLocale, localized for the displayLocale.
   1243      * If objectLocale is not supported, or the factory is not visible, set the result string
   1244      * to bogus.
   1245      * @param objectLocale the locale identifying the collator
   1246      * @param displayLocale the locale for which the display name of the collator should be localized
   1247      * @param result an output parameter for the display name, set to bogus if not supported.
   1248      * @return the display name
   1249      * @stable ICU 2.6
   1250      */
   1251     virtual  UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale,
   1252                                            const Locale& displayLocale,
   1253                                            UnicodeString& result);
   1254 
   1255     /**
   1256      * Return an array of all the locale names directly supported by this factory.
   1257      * The number of names is returned in count.  This array is owned by the factory.
   1258      * Its contents must never change.
   1259      * @param count output parameter for the number of locales supported by the factory
   1260      * @param status the in/out error code
   1261      * @return a pointer to an array of count UnicodeStrings.
   1262      * @stable ICU 2.6
   1263      */
   1264     virtual const UnicodeString * getSupportedIDs(int32_t &count, UErrorCode& status) = 0;
   1265 };
   1266 #endif /* UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE */
   1267 
   1268 // Collator inline methods -----------------------------------------------
   1269 
   1270 U_NAMESPACE_END
   1271 
   1272 #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION */
   1273 
   1274 #endif
   1275