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      1 /* Copyright (c) 2015, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved.
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      3  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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     29 
     30 #include <time.h>
     31 #include <errno.h>
     32 #include <unistd.h>
     33 #include <stdio.h>
     34 #include <stdlib.h>
     35 #include <loc_timer.h>
     36 #include <sys/timerfd.h>
     37 #include <sys/epoll.h>
     38 #include <LocTimer.h>
     39 #include <LocHeap.h>
     40 #include <LocThread.h>
     41 #include <LocSharedLock.h>
     42 #include <MsgTask.h>
     43 
     44 #ifdef __HOST_UNIT_TEST__
     45 #define EPOLLWAKEUP 0
     46 #define CLOCK_BOOTTIME CLOCK_MONOTONIC
     47 #define CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM CLOCK_MONOTONIC
     48 #endif
     49 
     50 /*
     51 There are implementations of 5 classes in this file:
     52 LocTimer, LocTimerDelegate, LocTimerContainer, LocTimerPollTask, LocTimerWrapper
     53 
     54 LocTimer - client front end, interface for client to start / stop timers, also
     55            to provide a callback.
     56 LocTimerDelegate - an internal timer entity, which also is a LocRankable obj.
     57                    Its life cycle is different than that of LocTimer. It gets
     58                    created when LocTimer::start() is called, and gets deleted
     59                    when it expires or clients calls the hosting LocTimer obj's
     60                    stop() method. When a LocTimerDelegate obj is ticking, it
     61                    stays in the corresponding LocTimerContainer. When expired
     62                    or stopped, the obj is removed from the container. Since it
     63                    is also a LocRankable obj, and LocTimerContainer also is a
     64                    heap, its ranks() implementation decides where it is placed
     65                    in the heap.
     66 LocTimerContainer - core of the timer service. It is a container (derived from
     67                     LocHeap) for LocTimerDelegate (implements LocRankable) objs.
     68                     There are 2 of such containers, one for sw timers (or Linux
     69                     timers) one for hw timers (or Linux alarms). It adds one of
     70                     each (those that expire the soonest) to kernel via services
     71                     provided by LocTimerPollTask. All the heap management on the
     72                     LocTimerDelegate objs are done in the MsgTask context, such
     73                     that synchronization is ensured.
     74 LocTimerPollTask - is a class that wraps timerfd and epoll POXIS APIs. It also
     75                    both implements LocRunnalbe with epoll_wait() in the run()
     76                    method. It is also a LocThread client, so as to loop the run
     77                    method.
     78 LocTimerWrapper - a LocTimer client itself, to implement the existing C API with
     79                   APIs, loc_timer_start() and loc_timer_stop().
     80 
     81 */
     82 
     83 class LocTimerPollTask;
     84 
     85 // This is a multi-functaional class that:
     86 // * extends the LocHeap class for the detection of head update upon add / remove
     87 //   events. When that happens, soonest time out changes, so timerfd needs update.
     88 // * contains the timers, and add / remove them into the heap
     89 // * provides and maps 2 of such containers, one for timers (or  mSwTimers), one
     90 //   for alarms (or mHwTimers);
     91 // * provides a polling thread;
     92 // * provides a MsgTask thread for synchronized add / remove / timer client callback.
     93 class LocTimerContainer : public LocHeap {
     94     // mutex to synchronize getters of static members
     95     static pthread_mutex_t mMutex;
     96     // Container of timers
     97     static LocTimerContainer* mSwTimers;
     98     // Container of alarms
     99     static LocTimerContainer* mHwTimers;
    100     // Msg task to provider msg Q, sender and reader.
    101     static MsgTask* mMsgTask;
    102     // Poll task to provide epoll call and threading to poll.
    103     static LocTimerPollTask* mPollTask;
    104     // timer / alarm fd
    105     int mDevFd;
    106     // ctor
    107     LocTimerContainer(bool wakeOnExpire);
    108     // dtor
    109     ~LocTimerContainer();
    110     static MsgTask* getMsgTaskLocked();
    111     static LocTimerPollTask* getPollTaskLocked();
    112     // extend LocHeap and pop if the top outRanks input
    113     LocTimerDelegate* popIfOutRanks(LocTimerDelegate& timer);
    114     // update the timer POSIX calls with updated soonest timer spec
    115     void updateSoonestTime(LocTimerDelegate* priorTop);
    116 
    117 public:
    118     // factory method to control the creation of mSwTimers / mHwTimers
    119     static LocTimerContainer* get(bool wakeOnExpire);
    120 
    121     LocTimerDelegate* getSoonestTimer();
    122     int getTimerFd();
    123     // add a timer / alarm obj into the container
    124     void add(LocTimerDelegate& timer);
    125     // remove a timer / alarm obj from the container
    126     void remove(LocTimerDelegate& timer);
    127     // handling of timer / alarm expiration
    128     void expire();
    129 };
    130 
    131 // This class implements the polling thread that epolls imer / alarm fds.
    132 // The LocRunnable::run() contains the actual polling.  The other methods
    133 // will be run in the caller's thread context to add / remove timer / alarm
    134 // fds the kernel, while the polling is blocked on epoll_wait() call.
    135 // Since the design is that we have maximally 2 polls, one for all the
    136 // timers; one for all the alarms, we will poll at most on 2 fds.  But it
    137 // is possile that all we have are only timers or alarms at one time, so we
    138 // allow dynamically add / remove fds we poll on. The design decision of
    139 // having 1 fd per container of timer / alarm is such that, we may not need
    140 // to make a system call each time a timer / alarm is added / removed, unless
    141 // that changes the "soonest" time out of that of all the timers / alarms.
    142 class LocTimerPollTask : public LocRunnable {
    143     // the epoll fd
    144     const int mFd;
    145     // the thread that calls run() method
    146     LocThread* mThread;
    147     friend class LocThreadDelegate;
    148     // dtor
    149     ~LocTimerPollTask();
    150 public:
    151     // ctor
    152     LocTimerPollTask();
    153     // this obj will be deleted once thread is deleted
    154     void destroy();
    155     // add a container of timers. Each contain has a unique device fd, i.e.
    156     // either timer or alarm fd, and a heap of timers / alarms. It is expected
    157     // that container would have written to the device fd with the soonest
    158     // time out value in the heap at the time of calling this method. So all
    159     // this method does is to add the fd of the input container to the poll
    160     // and also add the pointer of the container to the event data ptr, such
    161     // when poll_wait wakes up on events, we know who is the owner of the fd.
    162     void addPoll(LocTimerContainer& timerContainer);
    163     // remove a fd that is assciated with a container. The expectation is that
    164     // the atual timer would have been removed from the container.
    165     void removePoll(LocTimerContainer& timerContainer);
    166     // The polling thread context will call this method. This is where
    167     // epoll_wait() is blocking and waiting for events..
    168     virtual bool run();
    169 };
    170 
    171 // Internal class of timer obj. It gets born when client calls LocTimer::start();
    172 // and gets deleted when client calls LocTimer::stop() or when the it expire()'s.
    173 // This class implements LocRankable::ranks() so that when an obj is added into
    174 // the container (of LocHeap), it gets placed in sorted order.
    175 class LocTimerDelegate : public LocRankable {
    176     friend class LocTimerContainer;
    177     friend class LocTimer;
    178     LocTimer* mClient;
    179     LocSharedLock* mLock;
    180     struct timespec mFutureTime;
    181     LocTimerContainer* mContainer;
    182     // not a complete obj, just ctor for LocRankable comparisons
    183     inline LocTimerDelegate(struct timespec& delay)
    184         : mClient(NULL), mLock(NULL), mFutureTime(delay), mContainer(NULL) {}
    185     inline ~LocTimerDelegate() { if (mLock) { mLock->drop(); mLock = NULL; } }
    186 public:
    187     LocTimerDelegate(LocTimer& client, struct timespec& futureTime, bool wakeOnExpire);
    188     void destroyLocked();
    189     // LocRankable virtual method
    190     virtual int ranks(LocRankable& rankable);
    191     void expire();
    192     inline struct timespec getFutureTime() { return mFutureTime; }
    193 };
    194 
    195 /***************************LocTimerContainer methods***************************/
    196 
    197 // Most of these static recources are created on demand. They however are never
    198 // destoyed. The theory is that there are processes that link to this util lib
    199 // but never use timer, then these resources would never need to be created.
    200 // For those processes that do use timer, it will likely also need to every
    201 // once in a while. It might be cheaper keeping them around.
    202 pthread_mutex_t LocTimerContainer::mMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
    203 LocTimerContainer* LocTimerContainer::mSwTimers = NULL;
    204 LocTimerContainer* LocTimerContainer::mHwTimers = NULL;
    205 MsgTask* LocTimerContainer::mMsgTask = NULL;
    206 LocTimerPollTask* LocTimerContainer::mPollTask = NULL;
    207 
    208 // ctor - initialize timer heaps
    209 // A container for swTimer (timer) is created, when wakeOnExpire is true; or
    210 // HwTimer (alarm), when wakeOnExpire is false.
    211 LocTimerContainer::LocTimerContainer(bool wakeOnExpire) :
    212     mDevFd(timerfd_create(wakeOnExpire ? CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM : CLOCK_BOOTTIME, 0)) {
    213 
    214     if ((-1 == mDevFd) && (errno == EINVAL)) {
    215         LOC_LOGW("%s: timerfd_create failure, fallback to CLOCK_MONOTONIC - %s",
    216             __FUNCTION__, strerror(errno));
    217         mDevFd = timerfd_create(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, 0);
    218     }
    219 
    220     if (-1 != mDevFd) {
    221         // ensure we have the necessary resources created
    222         LocTimerContainer::getPollTaskLocked();
    223         LocTimerContainer::getMsgTaskLocked();
    224     } else {
    225         LOC_LOGE("%s: timerfd_create failure - %s", __FUNCTION__, strerror(errno));
    226     }
    227 }
    228 
    229 // dtor
    230 // we do not ever destroy the static resources.
    231 inline
    232 LocTimerContainer::~LocTimerContainer() {
    233     close(mDevFd);
    234 }
    235 
    236 LocTimerContainer* LocTimerContainer::get(bool wakeOnExpire) {
    237     // get the reference of either mHwTimer or mSwTimers per wakeOnExpire
    238     LocTimerContainer*& container = wakeOnExpire ? mHwTimers : mSwTimers;
    239     // it is cheap to check pointer first than locking mutext unconditionally
    240     if (!container) {
    241         pthread_mutex_lock(&mMutex);
    242         // let's check one more time to be safe
    243         if (!container) {
    244             container = new LocTimerContainer(wakeOnExpire);
    245             // timerfd_create failure
    246             if (-1 == container->getTimerFd()) {
    247                 delete container;
    248                 container = NULL;
    249             }
    250         }
    251         pthread_mutex_unlock(&mMutex);
    252     }
    253     return container;
    254 }
    255 
    256 MsgTask* LocTimerContainer::getMsgTaskLocked() {
    257     // it is cheap to check pointer first than locking mutext unconditionally
    258     if (!mMsgTask) {
    259         mMsgTask = new MsgTask("LocTimerMsgTask", false);
    260     }
    261     return mMsgTask;
    262 }
    263 
    264 LocTimerPollTask* LocTimerContainer::getPollTaskLocked() {
    265     // it is cheap to check pointer first than locking mutext unconditionally
    266     if (!mPollTask) {
    267         mPollTask = new LocTimerPollTask();
    268     }
    269     return mPollTask;
    270 }
    271 
    272 inline
    273 LocTimerDelegate* LocTimerContainer::getSoonestTimer() {
    274     return (LocTimerDelegate*)(peek());
    275 }
    276 
    277 inline
    278 int LocTimerContainer::getTimerFd() {
    279     return mDevFd;
    280 }
    281 
    282 void LocTimerContainer::updateSoonestTime(LocTimerDelegate* priorTop) {
    283     LocTimerDelegate* curTop = getSoonestTimer();
    284 
    285     // check if top has changed
    286     if (curTop != priorTop) {
    287         struct itimerspec delay = {0};
    288         bool toSetTime = false;
    289         // if tree is empty now, we remove poll and disarm timer
    290         if (!curTop) {
    291             mPollTask->removePoll(*this);
    292             // setting the values to disarm timer
    293             delay.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
    294             delay.it_value.tv_nsec = 0;
    295             toSetTime = true;
    296         } else if (!priorTop || curTop->outRanks(*priorTop)) {
    297             // do this first to avoid race condition, in case settime is called
    298             // with too small an interval
    299             mPollTask->addPoll(*this);
    300             delay.it_value = curTop->getFutureTime();
    301             toSetTime = true;
    302         }
    303         if (toSetTime) {
    304             timerfd_settime(getTimerFd(), TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME, &delay, NULL);
    305         }
    306     }
    307 }
    308 
    309 // all the heap management is done in the MsgTask context.
    310 inline
    311 void LocTimerContainer::add(LocTimerDelegate& timer) {
    312     struct MsgTimerPush : public LocMsg {
    313         LocTimerContainer* mTimerContainer;
    314         LocHeapNode* mTree;
    315         LocTimerDelegate* mTimer;
    316         inline MsgTimerPush(LocTimerContainer& container, LocTimerDelegate& timer) :
    317             LocMsg(), mTimerContainer(&container), mTimer(&timer) {}
    318         inline virtual void proc() const {
    319             LocTimerDelegate* priorTop = mTimerContainer->getSoonestTimer();
    320             mTimerContainer->push((LocRankable&)(*mTimer));
    321             mTimerContainer->updateSoonestTime(priorTop);
    322         }
    323     };
    324 
    325     mMsgTask->sendMsg(new MsgTimerPush(*this, timer));
    326 }
    327 
    328 // all the heap management is done in the MsgTask context.
    329 void LocTimerContainer::remove(LocTimerDelegate& timer) {
    330     struct MsgTimerRemove : public LocMsg {
    331         LocTimerContainer* mTimerContainer;
    332         LocTimerDelegate* mTimer;
    333         inline MsgTimerRemove(LocTimerContainer& container, LocTimerDelegate& timer) :
    334             LocMsg(), mTimerContainer(&container), mTimer(&timer) {}
    335         inline virtual void proc() const {
    336             LocTimerDelegate* priorTop = mTimerContainer->getSoonestTimer();
    337 
    338             // update soonest timer only if mTimer is actually removed from
    339             // mTimerContainer AND mTimer is not priorTop.
    340             if (priorTop == ((LocHeap*)mTimerContainer)->remove((LocRankable&)*mTimer)) {
    341                 // if passing in NULL, we tell updateSoonestTime to update
    342                 // kernel with the current top timer interval.
    343                 mTimerContainer->updateSoonestTime(NULL);
    344             }
    345             // all timers are deleted here, and only here.
    346             delete mTimer;
    347         }
    348     };
    349 
    350     mMsgTask->sendMsg(new MsgTimerRemove(*this, timer));
    351 }
    352 
    353 // all the heap management is done in the MsgTask context.
    354 // Upon expire, we check and continuously pop the heap until
    355 // the top node's timeout is in the future.
    356 void LocTimerContainer::expire() {
    357     struct MsgTimerExpire : public LocMsg {
    358         LocTimerContainer* mTimerContainer;
    359         inline MsgTimerExpire(LocTimerContainer& container) :
    360             LocMsg(), mTimerContainer(&container) {}
    361         inline virtual void proc() const {
    362             struct timespec now;
    363             // get time spec of now
    364             clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &now);
    365             LocTimerDelegate timerOfNow(now);
    366             // pop everything in the heap that outRanks now, i.e. has time older than now
    367             // and then call expire() on that timer.
    368             for (LocTimerDelegate* timer = (LocTimerDelegate*)mTimerContainer->pop();
    369                  NULL != timer;
    370                  timer = mTimerContainer->popIfOutRanks(timerOfNow)) {
    371                 // the timer delegate obj will be deleted before the return of this call
    372                 timer->expire();
    373             }
    374             mTimerContainer->updateSoonestTime(NULL);
    375         }
    376     };
    377 
    378     struct itimerspec delay = {0};
    379     timerfd_settime(getTimerFd(), TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME, &delay, NULL);
    380     mPollTask->removePoll(*this);
    381     mMsgTask->sendMsg(new MsgTimerExpire(*this));
    382 }
    383 
    384 LocTimerDelegate* LocTimerContainer::popIfOutRanks(LocTimerDelegate& timer) {
    385     LocTimerDelegate* poppedNode = NULL;
    386     if (mTree && !timer.outRanks(*peek())) {
    387         poppedNode = (LocTimerDelegate*)(pop());
    388     }
    389 
    390     return poppedNode;
    391 }
    392 
    393 
    394 /***************************LocTimerPollTask methods***************************/
    395 
    396 inline
    397 LocTimerPollTask::LocTimerPollTask()
    398     : mFd(epoll_create(2)), mThread(new LocThread()) {
    399     // before a next call returens, a thread will be created. The run() method
    400     // could already be running in parallel. Also, since each of the objs
    401     // creates a thread, the container will make sure that there will be only
    402     // one of such obj for our timer implementation.
    403     if (!mThread->start("LocTimerPollTask", this)) {
    404         delete mThread;
    405         mThread = NULL;
    406     }
    407 }
    408 
    409 inline
    410 LocTimerPollTask::~LocTimerPollTask() {
    411     // when fs is closed, epoll_wait() should fail run() should return false
    412     // and the spawned thread should exit.
    413     close(mFd);
    414 }
    415 
    416 void LocTimerPollTask::destroy() {
    417     if (mThread) {
    418         LocThread* thread = mThread;
    419         mThread = NULL;
    420         delete thread;
    421     } else {
    422         delete this;
    423     }
    424 }
    425 
    426 void LocTimerPollTask::addPoll(LocTimerContainer& timerContainer) {
    427     struct epoll_event ev;
    428     memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
    429 
    430     ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLWAKEUP;
    431     ev.data.fd = timerContainer.getTimerFd();
    432     // it is important that we set this context pointer with the input
    433     // timer container this is how we know which container should handle
    434     // which expiration.
    435     ev.data.ptr = &timerContainer;
    436 
    437     epoll_ctl(mFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, timerContainer.getTimerFd(), &ev);
    438 }
    439 
    440 inline
    441 void LocTimerPollTask::removePoll(LocTimerContainer& timerContainer) {
    442     epoll_ctl(mFd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, timerContainer.getTimerFd(), NULL);
    443 }
    444 
    445 // The polling thread context will call this method. If run() method needs to
    446 // be repetitvely called, it must return true from the previous call.
    447 bool LocTimerPollTask::run() {
    448     struct epoll_event ev[2];
    449 
    450     // we have max 2 descriptors to poll from
    451     int fds = epoll_wait(mFd, ev, 2, -1);
    452 
    453     // we pretty much want to continually poll until the fd is closed
    454     bool rerun = (fds > 0) || (errno == EINTR);
    455 
    456     if (fds > 0) {
    457         // we may have 2 events
    458         for (int i = 0; i < fds; i++) {
    459             // each fd has a context pointer associated with the right timer container
    460             LocTimerContainer* container = (LocTimerContainer*)(ev[i].data.ptr);
    461             if (container) {
    462                 container->expire();
    463             } else {
    464                 epoll_ctl(mFd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, ev[i].data.fd, NULL);
    465             }
    466         }
    467     }
    468 
    469     // if rerun is true, we are requesting to be scheduled again
    470     return rerun;
    471 }
    472 
    473 /***************************LocTimerDelegate methods***************************/
    474 
    475 inline
    476 LocTimerDelegate::LocTimerDelegate(LocTimer& client, struct timespec& futureTime, bool wakeOnExpire)
    477     : mClient(&client),
    478       mLock(mClient->mLock->share()),
    479       mFutureTime(futureTime),
    480       mContainer(LocTimerContainer::get(wakeOnExpire)) {
    481     // adding the timer into the container
    482     mContainer->add(*this);
    483 }
    484 
    485 inline
    486 void LocTimerDelegate::destroyLocked() {
    487     // client handle will likely be deleted soon after this
    488     // method returns. Nulling this handle so that expire()
    489     // won't call the callback on the dead handle any more.
    490     mClient = NULL;
    491 
    492     if (mContainer) {
    493         LocTimerContainer* container = mContainer;
    494         mContainer = NULL;
    495         if (container) {
    496             container->remove(*this);
    497         }
    498     } // else we do not do anything. No such *this* can be
    499       // created and reached here with mContainer ever been
    500       // a non NULL. So *this* must have reached the if clause
    501       // once, and we want it reach there only once.
    502 }
    503 
    504 int LocTimerDelegate::ranks(LocRankable& rankable) {
    505     int rank = -1;
    506     LocTimerDelegate* timer = (LocTimerDelegate*)(&rankable);
    507     if (timer) {
    508         // larger time ranks lower!!!
    509         // IOW, if input obj has bigger tv_sec, this obj outRanks higher
    510         rank = timer->mFutureTime.tv_sec - mFutureTime.tv_sec;
    511     }
    512     return rank;
    513 }
    514 
    515 inline
    516 void LocTimerDelegate::expire() {
    517     // keeping a copy of client pointer to be safe
    518     // when timeOutCallback() is called at the end of this
    519     // method, *this* obj may be already deleted.
    520     LocTimer* client = mClient;
    521     // force a stop, which will lead to delete of this obj
    522     if (client && client->stop()) {
    523         // calling client callback with a pointer save on the stack
    524         // only if stop() returns true, i.e. it hasn't been stopped
    525         // already.
    526         client->timeOutCallback();
    527     }
    528 }
    529 
    530 
    531 /***************************LocTimer methods***************************/
    532 LocTimer::LocTimer() : mTimer(NULL), mLock(new LocSharedLock()) {
    533 }
    534 
    535 LocTimer::~LocTimer() {
    536     stop();
    537     if (mLock) {
    538         mLock->drop();
    539         mLock = NULL;
    540     }
    541 }
    542 
    543 bool LocTimer::start(unsigned int timeOutInMs, bool wakeOnExpire) {
    544     bool success = false;
    545     mLock->lock();
    546     if (!mTimer) {
    547         struct timespec futureTime;
    548         clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &futureTime);
    549         futureTime.tv_sec += timeOutInMs / 1000;
    550         futureTime.tv_nsec += (timeOutInMs % 1000) * 1000000;
    551         if (futureTime.tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {
    552             futureTime.tv_sec += futureTime.tv_nsec / 1000000000;
    553             futureTime.tv_nsec %= 1000000000;
    554         }
    555         mTimer = new LocTimerDelegate(*this, futureTime, wakeOnExpire);
    556         // if mTimer is non 0, success should be 0; or vice versa
    557         success = (NULL != mTimer);
    558     }
    559     mLock->unlock();
    560     return success;
    561 }
    562 
    563 bool LocTimer::stop() {
    564     bool success = false;
    565     mLock->lock();
    566     if (mTimer) {
    567         LocTimerDelegate* timer = mTimer;
    568         mTimer = NULL;
    569         if (timer) {
    570             timer->destroyLocked();
    571             success = true;
    572         }
    573     }
    574     mLock->unlock();
    575     return success;
    576 }
    577 
    578 /***************************LocTimerWrapper methods***************************/
    579 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    580 // This section below wraps for the C style APIs
    581 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    582 class LocTimerWrapper : public LocTimer {
    583     loc_timer_callback mCb;
    584     void* mCallerData;
    585     LocTimerWrapper* mMe;
    586     static pthread_mutex_t mMutex;
    587     inline ~LocTimerWrapper() { mCb = NULL; mMe = NULL; }
    588 public:
    589     inline LocTimerWrapper(loc_timer_callback cb, void* callerData) :
    590         mCb(cb), mCallerData(callerData), mMe(this) {
    591     }
    592     void destroy() {
    593         pthread_mutex_lock(&mMutex);
    594         if (NULL != mCb && this == mMe) {
    595             delete this;
    596         }
    597         pthread_mutex_unlock(&mMutex);
    598     }
    599     virtual void timeOutCallback() {
    600         loc_timer_callback cb = mCb;
    601         void* callerData = mCallerData;
    602         if (cb) {
    603             cb(callerData, 0);
    604         }
    605         destroy();
    606     }
    607 };
    608 
    609 pthread_mutex_t LocTimerWrapper::mMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
    610 
    611 void* loc_timer_start(uint64_t msec, loc_timer_callback cb_func,
    612                       void *caller_data, bool wake_on_expire)
    613 {
    614     LocTimerWrapper* locTimerWrapper = NULL;
    615 
    616     if (cb_func) {
    617         locTimerWrapper = new LocTimerWrapper(cb_func, caller_data);
    618 
    619         if (locTimerWrapper) {
    620             locTimerWrapper->start(msec, wake_on_expire);
    621         }
    622     }
    623 
    624     return locTimerWrapper;
    625 }
    626 
    627 void loc_timer_stop(void*&  handle)
    628 {
    629     if (handle) {
    630         LocTimerWrapper* locTimerWrapper = (LocTimerWrapper*)(handle);
    631         locTimerWrapper->destroy();
    632         handle = NULL;
    633     }
    634 }
    635 
    636 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    637 // This section above wraps for the C style APIs
    638 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    639 
    640 #ifdef __LOC_DEBUG__
    641 
    642 double getDeltaSeconds(struct timespec from, struct timespec to) {
    643     return (double)to.tv_sec + (double)to.tv_nsec / 1000000000
    644         - from.tv_sec - (double)from.tv_nsec / 1000000000;
    645 }
    646 
    647 struct timespec getNow() {
    648     struct timespec now;
    649     clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &now);
    650     return now;
    651 }
    652 
    653 class LocTimerTest : public LocTimer, public LocRankable {
    654     int mTimeOut;
    655     const struct timespec mTimeOfBirth;
    656     inline struct timespec getTimerWrapper(int timeout) {
    657         struct timespec now;
    658         clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &now);
    659         now.tv_sec += timeout;
    660         return now;
    661     }
    662 public:
    663     inline LocTimerTest(int timeout) : LocTimer(), LocRankable(),
    664             mTimeOut(timeout), mTimeOfBirth(getTimerWrapper(0)) {}
    665     inline virtual int ranks(LocRankable& rankable) {
    666         LocTimerTest* timer = dynamic_cast<LocTimerTest*>(&rankable);
    667         return timer->mTimeOut - mTimeOut;
    668     }
    669     inline virtual void timeOutCallback() {
    670         printf("timeOutCallback() - ");
    671         deviation();
    672     }
    673     double deviation() {
    674         struct timespec now = getTimerWrapper(0);
    675         double delta = getDeltaSeconds(mTimeOfBirth, now);
    676         printf("%lf: %lf\n", delta, delta * 100 / mTimeOut);
    677         return delta / mTimeOut;
    678     }
    679 };
    680 
    681 // For Linux command line testing:
    682 // compilation:
    683 //     g++ -D__LOC_HOST_DEBUG__ -D__LOC_DEBUG__ -g -I. -I../../../../system/core/include -o LocHeap.o LocHeap.cpp
    684 //     g++ -D__LOC_HOST_DEBUG__ -D__LOC_DEBUG__ -g -std=c++0x -I. -I../../../../system/core/include -lpthread -o LocThread.o LocThread.cpp
    685 //     g++ -D__LOC_HOST_DEBUG__ -D__LOC_DEBUG__ -g -I. -I../../../../system/core/include -o LocTimer.o LocTimer.cpp
    686 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    687     struct timespec timeOfStart=getNow();
    688     srand(time(NULL));
    689     int tries = atoi(argv[1]);
    690     int checks = tries >> 3;
    691     LocTimerTest** timerArray = new LocTimerTest*[tries];
    692     memset(timerArray, NULL, tries);
    693 
    694     for (int i = 0; i < tries; i++) {
    695         int r = rand() % tries;
    696         LocTimerTest* timer = new LocTimerTest(r);
    697         if (timerArray[r]) {
    698             if (!timer->stop()) {
    699                 printf("%lf:\n", getDeltaSeconds(timeOfStart, getNow()));
    700                 printf("ERRER: %dth timer, id %d, not running when it should be\n", i, r);
    701                 exit(0);
    702             } else {
    703                 printf("stop() - %d\n", r);
    704                 delete timer;
    705                 timerArray[r] = NULL;
    706             }
    707         } else {
    708             if (!timer->start(r, false)) {
    709                 printf("%lf:\n", getDeltaSeconds(timeOfStart, getNow()));
    710                 printf("ERRER: %dth timer, id %d, running when it should not be\n", i, r);
    711                 exit(0);
    712             } else {
    713                 printf("stop() - %d\n", r);
    714                 timerArray[r] = timer;
    715             }
    716         }
    717     }
    718 
    719     for (int i = 0; i < tries; i++) {
    720         if (timerArray[i]) {
    721             if (!timerArray[i]->stop()) {
    722                 printf("%lf:\n", getDeltaSeconds(timeOfStart, getNow()));
    723                 printf("ERRER: %dth timer, not running when it should be\n", i);
    724                 exit(0);
    725             } else {
    726                 printf("stop() - %d\n", i);
    727                 delete timerArray[i];
    728                 timerArray[i] = NULL;
    729             }
    730         }
    731     }
    732 
    733     delete[] timerArray;
    734 
    735     return 0;
    736 }
    737 
    738 #endif
    739