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      1 /*
      2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
      3  *
      4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
      7  *
      8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      9  *
     10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     14  * limitations under the License.
     15  */
     16 
     17 #define LOG_TAG "Posix"
     18 
     19 #include "AsynchronousSocketCloseMonitor.h"
     20 #include "cutils/log.h"
     21 #include "ExecStrings.h"
     22 #include "JNIHelp.h"
     23 #include "JniConstants.h"
     24 #include "JniException.h"
     25 #include "NetworkUtilities.h"
     26 #include "Portability.h"
     27 #include "ScopedBytes.h"
     28 #include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
     29 #include "ScopedPrimitiveArray.h"
     30 #include "ScopedUtfChars.h"
     31 #include "StaticAssert.h"
     32 #include "UniquePtr.h"
     33 #include "toStringArray.h"
     34 
     35 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     36 #include <errno.h>
     37 #include <fcntl.h>
     38 #include <net/if.h>
     39 #include <netdb.h>
     40 #include <netinet/in.h>
     41 #include <poll.h>
     42 #include <pwd.h>
     43 #include <signal.h>
     44 #include <stdlib.h>
     45 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
     46 #include <sys/mman.h>
     47 #include <sys/socket.h>
     48 #include <sys/stat.h>
     49 #include <sys/syscall.h>
     50 #include <sys/time.h>
     51 #include <sys/types.h>
     52 #include <sys/uio.h>
     53 #include <sys/utsname.h>
     54 #include <sys/wait.h>
     55 #include <termios.h>
     56 #include <unistd.h>
     57 
     58 #define TO_JAVA_STRING(NAME, EXP) \
     59         jstring NAME = env->NewStringUTF(EXP); \
     60         if (NAME == NULL) return NULL;
     61 
     62 struct addrinfo_deleter {
     63     void operator()(addrinfo* p) const {
     64         if (p != NULL) { // bionic's freeaddrinfo(3) crashes when passed NULL.
     65             freeaddrinfo(p);
     66         }
     67     }
     68 };
     69 
     70 /**
     71  * Used to retry networking system calls that can return EINTR. Unlike TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY,
     72  * this also handles the case where the reason for failure is that another thread called
     73  * Socket.close. This macro also throws exceptions on failure.
     74  *
     75  * Returns the result of 'exp', though a Java exception will be pending if the result is -1.
     76  */
     77 #define NET_FAILURE_RETRY(jni_env, return_type, syscall_name, java_fd, ...) ({ \
     78     return_type _rc = -1; \
     79     do { \
     80         { \
     81             int _fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd); \
     82             AsynchronousSocketCloseMonitor _monitor(_fd); \
     83             _rc = syscall_name(_fd, __VA_ARGS__); \
     84         } \
     85         if (_rc == -1) { \
     86             if (jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(jni_env, java_fd) == -1) { \
     87                 jniThrowException(jni_env, "java/net/SocketException", "Socket closed"); \
     88                 break; \
     89             } else if (errno != EINTR) { \
     90                 /* TODO: with a format string we could show the arguments too, like strace(1). */ \
     91                 throwErrnoException(jni_env, # syscall_name); \
     92                 break; \
     93             } \
     94         } \
     95     } while (_rc == -1); \
     96     _rc; })
     97 
     98 static void throwException(JNIEnv* env, jclass exceptionClass, jmethodID ctor3, jmethodID ctor2,
     99         const char* functionName, int error) {
    100     jthrowable cause = NULL;
    101     if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    102         cause = env->ExceptionOccurred();
    103         env->ExceptionClear();
    104     }
    105 
    106     ScopedLocalRef<jstring> detailMessage(env, env->NewStringUTF(functionName));
    107     if (detailMessage.get() == NULL) {
    108         // Not really much we can do here. We're probably dead in the water,
    109         // but let's try to stumble on...
    110         env->ExceptionClear();
    111     }
    112 
    113     jobject exception;
    114     if (cause != NULL) {
    115         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor3, detailMessage.get(), error, cause);
    116     } else {
    117         exception = env->NewObject(exceptionClass, ctor2, detailMessage.get(), error);
    118     }
    119     env->Throw(reinterpret_cast<jthrowable>(exception));
    120 }
    121 
    122 static void throwErrnoException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName) {
    123     int error = errno;
    124     static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    125             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    126     static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass,
    127             "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    128     throwException(env, JniConstants::errnoExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    129 }
    130 
    131 static void throwGaiException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName, int error) {
    132   // Cache the methods ids before we throw, so we don't call GetMethodID with a pending exception.
    133   static jmethodID ctor3 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    134                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/lang/Throwable;)V");
    135   static jmethodID ctor2 = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, "<init>",
    136                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
    137   if (errno != 0) {
    138         // EAI_SYSTEM should mean "look at errno instead", but both glibc and bionic seem to
    139         // mess this up. In particular, if you don't have INTERNET permission, errno will be EACCES
    140         // but you'll get EAI_NONAME or EAI_NODATA. So we want our GaiException to have a
    141         // potentially-relevant ErrnoException as its cause even if error != EAI_SYSTEM.
    142         // http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=15722
    143         throwErrnoException(env, functionName);
    144         // Deliberately fall through to throw another exception...
    145     }
    146     throwException(env, JniConstants::gaiExceptionClass, ctor3, ctor2, functionName, error);
    147 }
    148 
    149 template <typename rc_t>
    150 static rc_t throwIfMinusOne(JNIEnv* env, const char* name, rc_t rc) {
    151     if (rc == rc_t(-1)) {
    152         throwErrnoException(env, name);
    153     }
    154     return rc;
    155 }
    156 
    157 template <typename ScopedT>
    158 class IoVec {
    159 public:
    160     IoVec(JNIEnv* env, size_t bufferCount) : mEnv(env), mBufferCount(bufferCount) {
    161     }
    162 
    163     bool init(jobjectArray javaBuffers, jintArray javaOffsets, jintArray javaByteCounts) {
    164         // We can't delete our local references until after the I/O, so make sure we have room.
    165         if (mEnv->PushLocalFrame(mBufferCount + 16) < 0) {
    166             return false;
    167         }
    168         ScopedIntArrayRO offsets(mEnv, javaOffsets);
    169         if (offsets.get() == NULL) {
    170             return false;
    171         }
    172         ScopedIntArrayRO byteCounts(mEnv, javaByteCounts);
    173         if (byteCounts.get() == NULL) {
    174             return false;
    175         }
    176         // TODO: Linux actually has a 1024 buffer limit. glibc works around this, and we should too.
    177         // TODO: you can query the limit at runtime with sysconf(_SC_IOV_MAX).
    178         for (size_t i = 0; i < mBufferCount; ++i) {
    179             jobject buffer = mEnv->GetObjectArrayElement(javaBuffers, i); // We keep this local ref.
    180             mScopedBuffers.push_back(new ScopedT(mEnv, buffer));
    181             jbyte* ptr = const_cast<jbyte*>(mScopedBuffers.back()->get());
    182             if (ptr == NULL) {
    183                 return false;
    184             }
    185             struct iovec iov;
    186             iov.iov_base = reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr + offsets[i]);
    187             iov.iov_len = byteCounts[i];
    188             mIoVec.push_back(iov);
    189         }
    190         return true;
    191     }
    192 
    193     ~IoVec() {
    194         for (size_t i = 0; i < mScopedBuffers.size(); ++i) {
    195             delete mScopedBuffers[i];
    196         }
    197         mEnv->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
    198     }
    199 
    200     iovec* get() {
    201         return &mIoVec[0];
    202     }
    203 
    204     size_t size() {
    205         return mBufferCount;
    206     }
    207 
    208 private:
    209     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    210     size_t mBufferCount;
    211     std::vector<iovec> mIoVec;
    212     std::vector<ScopedT*> mScopedBuffers;
    213 };
    214 
    215 static jobject makeSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, const sockaddr_storage& ss) {
    216     jint port;
    217     jobject inetAddress = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    218     if (inetAddress == NULL) {
    219         return NULL;
    220     }
    221     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "<init>",
    222             "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V");
    223     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, ctor, inetAddress, port);
    224 }
    225 
    226 static jobject makeStructPasswd(JNIEnv* env, const struct passwd& pw) {
    227     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_name, pw.pw_name);
    228     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_dir, pw.pw_dir);
    229     TO_JAVA_STRING(pw_shell, pw.pw_shell);
    230     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, "<init>",
    231             "(Ljava/lang/String;IILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    232     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structPasswdClass, ctor,
    233             pw_name, static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_uid), static_cast<jint>(pw.pw_gid), pw_dir, pw_shell);
    234 }
    235 
    236 static jobject makeStructStat(JNIEnv* env, const struct stat& sb) {
    237     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatClass, "<init>",
    238             "(JJIJIIJJJJJJJ)V");
    239     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatClass, ctor,
    240             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_dev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ino),
    241             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_mode), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_nlink),
    242             static_cast<jint>(sb.st_uid), static_cast<jint>(sb.st_gid),
    243             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_rdev), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_size),
    244             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_atime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_mtime),
    245             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_ctime), static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blksize),
    246             static_cast<jlong>(sb.st_blocks));
    247 }
    248 
    249 static jobject makeStructStatVfs(JNIEnv* env, const struct statvfs& sb) {
    250 #if defined(__APPLE__)
    251     // Mac OS has no f_namelen field in struct statfs.
    252     jlong max_name_length = 255; // __DARWIN_MAXNAMLEN
    253 #else
    254     jlong max_name_length = static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_namemax);
    255 #endif
    256 
    257     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, "<init>",
    258             "(JJJJJJJJJJJ)V");
    259     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structStatVfsClass, ctor,
    260                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bsize),
    261                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_frsize),
    262                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_blocks),
    263                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bfree),
    264                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_bavail),
    265                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_files),
    266                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_ffree),
    267                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_favail),
    268                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_fsid),
    269                           static_cast<jlong>(sb.f_flag),
    270                           max_name_length);
    271 }
    272 
    273 static jobject makeStructLinger(JNIEnv* env, const struct linger& l) {
    274     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "<init>", "(II)V");
    275     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structLingerClass, ctor, l.l_onoff, l.l_linger);
    276 }
    277 
    278 static jobject makeStructTimeval(JNIEnv* env, const struct timeval& tv) {
    279     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "<init>", "(JJ)V");
    280     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, ctor,
    281             static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_sec), static_cast<jlong>(tv.tv_usec));
    282 }
    283 
    284 static jobject makeStructUcred(JNIEnv* env, const struct ucred& u) {
    285   static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUcredClass, "<init>", "(III)V");
    286   return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUcredClass, ctor, u.pid, u.uid, u.gid);
    287 }
    288 
    289 static jobject makeStructUtsname(JNIEnv* env, const struct utsname& buf) {
    290     TO_JAVA_STRING(sysname, buf.sysname);
    291     TO_JAVA_STRING(nodename, buf.nodename);
    292     TO_JAVA_STRING(release, buf.release);
    293     TO_JAVA_STRING(version, buf.version);
    294     TO_JAVA_STRING(machine, buf.machine);
    295     static jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, "<init>",
    296             "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
    297     return env->NewObject(JniConstants::structUtsnameClass, ctor,
    298             sysname, nodename, release, version, machine);
    299 };
    300 
    301 static bool fillIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaInterfaceName, struct ifreq& req) {
    302     ScopedUtfChars interfaceName(env, javaInterfaceName);
    303     if (interfaceName.c_str() == NULL) {
    304         return false;
    305     }
    306     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
    307     strncpy(req.ifr_name, interfaceName.c_str(), sizeof(req.ifr_name));
    308     req.ifr_name[sizeof(req.ifr_name) - 1] = '\0';
    309     return true;
    310 }
    311 
    312 static bool fillInetSocketAddress(JNIEnv* env, jint rc, jobject javaInetSocketAddress, const sockaddr_storage& ss) {
    313     if (rc == -1 || javaInetSocketAddress == NULL) {
    314         return true;
    315     }
    316     // Fill out the passed-in InetSocketAddress with the sender's IP address and port number.
    317     jint port;
    318     jobject sender = sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, &port);
    319     if (sender == NULL) {
    320         return false;
    321     }
    322     static jfieldID addressFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "addr", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
    323     static jfieldID portFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::inetSocketAddressClass, "port", "I");
    324     env->SetObjectField(javaInetSocketAddress, addressFid, sender);
    325     env->SetIntField(javaInetSocketAddress, portFid, port);
    326     return true;
    327 }
    328 
    329 static jobject doStat(JNIEnv* env, jstring javaPath, bool isLstat) {
    330     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    331     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    332         return NULL;
    333     }
    334     struct stat sb;
    335     int rc = isLstat ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lstat(path.c_str(), &sb))
    336                      : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat(path.c_str(), &sb));
    337     if (rc == -1) {
    338         throwErrnoException(env, isLstat ? "lstat" : "stat");
    339         return NULL;
    340     }
    341     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    342 }
    343 
    344 static jobject doGetSockName(JNIEnv* env, jobject javaFd, bool is_sockname) {
    345   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    346   sockaddr_storage ss;
    347   sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss);
    348   socklen_t byteCount = sizeof(ss);
    349   memset(&ss, 0, byteCount);
    350   int rc = is_sockname ? TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockname(fd, sa, &byteCount))
    351       : TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getpeername(fd, sa, &byteCount));
    352   if (rc == -1) {
    353     throwErrnoException(env, is_sockname ? "getsockname" : "getpeername");
    354     return NULL;
    355   }
    356   return makeSocketAddress(env, ss);
    357 }
    358 
    359 class Passwd {
    360 public:
    361     Passwd(JNIEnv* env) : mEnv(env), mResult(NULL) {
    362         mBufferSize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
    363         mBuffer.reset(new char[mBufferSize]);
    364     }
    365 
    366     jobject getpwnam(const char* name) {
    367         return process("getpwnam_r", getpwnam_r(name, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    368     }
    369 
    370     jobject getpwuid(uid_t uid) {
    371         return process("getpwuid_r", getpwuid_r(uid, &mPwd, mBuffer.get(), mBufferSize, &mResult));
    372     }
    373 
    374     struct passwd* get() {
    375         return mResult;
    376     }
    377 
    378 private:
    379     jobject process(const char* syscall, int error) {
    380         if (mResult == NULL) {
    381             errno = error;
    382             throwErrnoException(mEnv, syscall);
    383             return NULL;
    384         }
    385         return makeStructPasswd(mEnv, *mResult);
    386     }
    387 
    388     JNIEnv* mEnv;
    389     UniquePtr<char[]> mBuffer;
    390     size_t mBufferSize;
    391     struct passwd mPwd;
    392     struct passwd* mResult;
    393 };
    394 
    395 static jobject Posix_accept(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaInetSocketAddress) {
    396     sockaddr_storage ss;
    397     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
    398     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    399     sockaddr* peer = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
    400     socklen_t* peerLength = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
    401     jint clientFd = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, accept, javaFd, peer, peerLength);
    402     if (clientFd == -1 || !fillInetSocketAddress(env, clientFd, javaInetSocketAddress, ss)) {
    403         close(clientFd);
    404         return NULL;
    405     }
    406     return (clientFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, clientFd) : NULL;
    407 }
    408 
    409 static jboolean Posix_access(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    410     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    411     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    412         return JNI_FALSE;
    413     }
    414     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(access(path.c_str(), mode));
    415     if (rc == -1) {
    416         throwErrnoException(env, "access");
    417     }
    418     return (rc == 0);
    419 }
    420 
    421 static void Posix_bind(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    422     sockaddr_storage ss;
    423     socklen_t sa_len;
    424     if (!inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
    425         return;
    426     }
    427     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    428     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    429     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, bind, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    430 }
    431 
    432 static void Posix_chmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    433     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    434     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    435         return;
    436     }
    437     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chmod(path.c_str(), mode)));
    438 }
    439 
    440 static void Posix_chown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
    441     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    442     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    443         return;
    444     }
    445     throwIfMinusOne(env, "chown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(chown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
    446 }
    447 
    448 static void Posix_close(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    449     // Get the FileDescriptor's 'fd' field and clear it.
    450     // We need to do this before we can throw an IOException (http://b/3222087).
    451     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    452     jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd, -1);
    453 
    454     // Even if close(2) fails with EINTR, the fd will have been closed.
    455     // Using TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY will either lead to EBADF or closing someone else's fd.
    456     // http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
    457     throwIfMinusOne(env, "close", close(fd));
    458 }
    459 
    460 static void Posix_connect(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaAddress, jint port) {
    461     sockaddr_storage ss;
    462     socklen_t sa_len;
    463     if (!inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
    464         return;
    465     }
    466     const sockaddr* sa = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss);
    467     // We don't need the return value because we'll already have thrown.
    468     (void) NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, int, connect, javaFd, sa, sa_len);
    469 }
    470 
    471 static jobject Posix_dup(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd) {
    472     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    473     int newFd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup(oldFd)));
    474     return (newFd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, newFd) : NULL;
    475 }
    476 
    477 static jobject Posix_dup2(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOldFd, jint newFd) {
    478     int oldFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOldFd);
    479     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "dup2", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(oldFd, newFd)));
    480     return (fd != -1) ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
    481 }
    482 
    483 static jobjectArray Posix_environ(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
    484     extern char** environ; // Standard, but not in any header file.
    485     return toStringArray(env, environ);
    486 }
    487 
    488 static void Posix_execve(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv, jobjectArray javaEnvp) {
    489     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    490     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    491         return;
    492     }
    493 
    494     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    495     ExecStrings envp(env, javaEnvp);
    496     execve(path.c_str(), argv.get(), envp.get());
    497 
    498     throwErrnoException(env, "execve");
    499 }
    500 
    501 static void Posix_execv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaFilename, jobjectArray javaArgv) {
    502     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaFilename);
    503     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    504         return;
    505     }
    506 
    507     ExecStrings argv(env, javaArgv);
    508     execv(path.c_str(), argv.get());
    509 
    510     throwErrnoException(env, "execv");
    511 }
    512 
    513 static void Posix_fchmod(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint mode) {
    514     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    515     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchmod", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchmod(fd, mode)));
    516 }
    517 
    518 static void Posix_fchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint uid, jint gid) {
    519     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    520     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fchown(fd, uid, gid)));
    521 }
    522 
    523 static jint Posix_fcntlVoid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd) {
    524     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    525     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd)));
    526 }
    527 
    528 static jint Posix_fcntlLong(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jlong arg) {
    529     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    530     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd, arg)));
    531 }
    532 
    533 static jint Posix_fcntlFlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaFlock) {
    534     static jfieldID typeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_type", "S");
    535     static jfieldID whenceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_whence", "S");
    536     static jfieldID startFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_start", "J");
    537     static jfieldID lenFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_len", "J");
    538     static jfieldID pidFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structFlockClass, "l_pid", "I");
    539 
    540     struct flock64 lock;
    541     memset(&lock, 0, sizeof(lock));
    542     lock.l_type = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid);
    543     lock.l_whence = env->GetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid);
    544     lock.l_start = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, startFid);
    545     lock.l_len = env->GetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid);
    546     lock.l_pid = env->GetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid);
    547 
    548     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    549     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "fcntl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd, cmd, &lock)));
    550     if (rc != -1) {
    551         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, typeFid, lock.l_type);
    552         env->SetShortField(javaFlock, whenceFid, lock.l_whence);
    553         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, startFid, lock.l_start);
    554         env->SetLongField(javaFlock, lenFid, lock.l_len);
    555         env->SetIntField(javaFlock, pidFid, lock.l_pid);
    556     }
    557     return rc;
    558 }
    559 
    560 static void Posix_fdatasync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    561     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    562     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fdatasync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fdatasync(fd)));
    563 }
    564 
    565 static jobject Posix_fstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    566     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    567     struct stat sb;
    568     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstat(fd, &sb));
    569     if (rc == -1) {
    570         throwErrnoException(env, "fstat");
    571         return NULL;
    572     }
    573     return makeStructStat(env, sb);
    574 }
    575 
    576 static jobject Posix_fstatvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    577     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    578     struct statvfs sb;
    579     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fstatvfs(fd, &sb));
    580     if (rc == -1) {
    581         throwErrnoException(env, "fstatvfs");
    582         return NULL;
    583     }
    584     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
    585 }
    586 
    587 static void Posix_fsync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    588     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    589     throwIfMinusOne(env, "fsync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fsync(fd)));
    590 }
    591 
    592 static void Posix_ftruncate(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong length) {
    593     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    594     throwIfMinusOne(env, "ftruncate", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ftruncate64(fd, length)));
    595 }
    596 
    597 static jstring Posix_gai_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint error) {
    598     return env->NewStringUTF(gai_strerror(error));
    599 }
    600 
    601 static jobjectArray Posix_getaddrinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaNode, jobject javaHints) {
    602     ScopedUtfChars node(env, javaNode);
    603     if (node.c_str() == NULL) {
    604         return NULL;
    605     }
    606 
    607     static jfieldID flagsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_flags", "I");
    608     static jfieldID familyFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_family", "I");
    609     static jfieldID socktypeFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_socktype", "I");
    610     static jfieldID protocolFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structAddrinfoClass, "ai_protocol", "I");
    611 
    612     addrinfo hints;
    613     memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
    614     hints.ai_flags = env->GetIntField(javaHints, flagsFid);
    615     hints.ai_family = env->GetIntField(javaHints, familyFid);
    616     hints.ai_socktype = env->GetIntField(javaHints, socktypeFid);
    617     hints.ai_protocol = env->GetIntField(javaHints, protocolFid);
    618 
    619     addrinfo* addressList = NULL;
    620     errno = 0;
    621     int rc = getaddrinfo(node.c_str(), NULL, &hints, &addressList);
    622     UniquePtr<addrinfo, addrinfo_deleter> addressListDeleter(addressList);
    623     if (rc != 0) {
    624         throwGaiException(env, "getaddrinfo", rc);
    625         return NULL;
    626     }
    627 
    628     // Count results so we know how to size the output array.
    629     int addressCount = 0;
    630     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    631         if (ai->ai_family == AF_INET || ai->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
    632             ++addressCount;
    633         } else {
    634             ALOGE("getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
    635         }
    636     }
    637     if (addressCount == 0) {
    638         return NULL;
    639     }
    640 
    641     // Prepare output array.
    642     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(addressCount, JniConstants::inetAddressClass, NULL);
    643     if (result == NULL) {
    644         return NULL;
    645     }
    646 
    647     // Examine returned addresses one by one, save them in the output array.
    648     int index = 0;
    649     for (addrinfo* ai = addressList; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    650         if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6) {
    651             // Unknown address family. Skip this address.
    652             ALOGE("getaddrinfo unexpected ai_family %i", ai->ai_family);
    653             continue;
    654         }
    655 
    656         // Convert each IP address into a Java byte array.
    657         sockaddr_storage& address = *reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage*>(ai->ai_addr);
    658         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> inetAddress(env, sockaddrToInetAddress(env, address, NULL));
    659         if (inetAddress.get() == NULL) {
    660             return NULL;
    661         }
    662         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, index, inetAddress.get());
    663         ++index;
    664     }
    665     return result;
    666 }
    667 
    668 static jint Posix_getegid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    669     return getegid();
    670 }
    671 
    672 static jint Posix_geteuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    673     return geteuid();
    674 }
    675 
    676 static jint Posix_getgid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    677     return getgid();
    678 }
    679 
    680 static jstring Posix_getenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
    681     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    682     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    683         return NULL;
    684     }
    685     return env->NewStringUTF(getenv(name.c_str()));
    686 }
    687 
    688 static jstring Posix_getnameinfo(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaAddress, jint flags) {
    689     sockaddr_storage ss;
    690     socklen_t sa_len;
    691     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaAddress, 0, ss, sa_len)) {
    692         return NULL;
    693     }
    694     char buf[NI_MAXHOST]; // NI_MAXHOST is longer than INET6_ADDRSTRLEN.
    695     errno = 0;
    696     int rc = getnameinfo(reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss), sa_len, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0, flags);
    697     if (rc != 0) {
    698         throwGaiException(env, "getnameinfo", rc);
    699         return NULL;
    700     }
    701     return env->NewStringUTF(buf);
    702 }
    703 
    704 static jobject Posix_getpeername(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    705   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, false);
    706 }
    707 
    708 static jint Posix_getpid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    709     return getpid();
    710 }
    711 
    712 static jint Posix_getppid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    713     return getppid();
    714 }
    715 
    716 static jobject Posix_getpwnam(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
    717     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    718     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    719         return NULL;
    720     }
    721     return Passwd(env).getpwnam(name.c_str());
    722 }
    723 
    724 static jobject Posix_getpwuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
    725     return Passwd(env).getpwuid(uid);
    726 }
    727 
    728 static jobject Posix_getsockname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    729   return doGetSockName(env, javaFd, true);
    730 }
    731 
    732 static jint Posix_getsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    733     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    734     u_char result = 0;
    735     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
    736     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
    737     return result;
    738 }
    739 
    740 static jobject Posix_getsockoptInAddr(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    741     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    742     sockaddr_storage ss;
    743     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    744     ss.ss_family = AF_INET; // This is only for the IPv4-only IP_MULTICAST_IF.
    745     sockaddr_in* sa = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss);
    746     socklen_t size = sizeof(sa->sin_addr);
    747     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &sa->sin_addr, &size));
    748     if (rc == -1) {
    749         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    750         return NULL;
    751     }
    752     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
    753 }
    754 
    755 static jint Posix_getsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    756     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    757     jint result = 0;
    758     socklen_t size = sizeof(result);
    759     throwIfMinusOne(env, "getsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &result, &size)));
    760     return result;
    761 }
    762 
    763 static jobject Posix_getsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    764     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    765     struct linger l;
    766     socklen_t size = sizeof(l);
    767     memset(&l, 0, size);
    768     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &l, &size));
    769     if (rc == -1) {
    770         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    771         return NULL;
    772     }
    773     return makeStructLinger(env, l);
    774 }
    775 
    776 static jobject Posix_getsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    777     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    778     struct timeval tv;
    779     socklen_t size = sizeof(tv);
    780     memset(&tv, 0, size);
    781     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &tv, &size));
    782     if (rc == -1) {
    783         throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    784         return NULL;
    785     }
    786     return makeStructTimeval(env, tv);
    787 }
    788 
    789 static jobject Posix_getsockoptUcred(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option) {
    790   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    791   struct ucred u;
    792   socklen_t size = sizeof(u);
    793   memset(&u, 0, size);
    794   int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(getsockopt(fd, level, option, &u, &size));
    795   if (rc == -1) {
    796     throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt");
    797     return NULL;
    798   }
    799   return makeStructUcred(env, u);
    800 }
    801 
    802 static jint Posix_gettid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    803   // Neither bionic nor glibc exposes gettid(2).
    804   return syscall(__NR_gettid);
    805 }
    806 
    807 static jint Posix_getuid(JNIEnv*, jobject) {
    808     return getuid();
    809 }
    810 
    811 static jstring Posix_if_indextoname(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint index) {
    812     char buf[IF_NAMESIZE];
    813     char* name = if_indextoname(index, buf);
    814     // if_indextoname(3) returns NULL on failure, which will come out of NewStringUTF unscathed.
    815     // There's no useful information in errno, so we don't bother throwing. Callers can null-check.
    816     return env->NewStringUTF(name);
    817 }
    818 
    819 static jobject Posix_inet_pton(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint family, jstring javaName) {
    820     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
    821     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
    822         return NULL;
    823     }
    824     sockaddr_storage ss;
    825     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
    826     // sockaddr_in and sockaddr_in6 are at the same address, so we can use either here.
    827     void* dst = &reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss)->sin_addr;
    828     if (inet_pton(family, name.c_str(), dst) != 1) {
    829         return NULL;
    830     }
    831     ss.ss_family = family;
    832     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, ss, NULL);
    833 }
    834 
    835 static jobject Posix_ioctlInetAddress(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
    836     struct ifreq req;
    837     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
    838         return NULL;
    839     }
    840     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    841     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &req)));
    842     if (rc == -1) {
    843         return NULL;
    844     }
    845     return sockaddrToInetAddress(env, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_storage&>(req.ifr_addr), NULL);
    846 }
    847 
    848 static jint Posix_ioctlInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint cmd, jobject javaArg) {
    849     // This is complicated because ioctls may return their result by updating their argument
    850     // or via their return value, so we need to support both.
    851     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    852     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
    853     jint arg = env->GetIntField(javaArg, valueFid);
    854     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "ioctl", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(ioctl(fd, cmd, &arg)));
    855     if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    856         env->SetIntField(javaArg, valueFid, arg);
    857     }
    858     return rc;
    859 }
    860 
    861 static jboolean Posix_isatty(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
    862     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    863     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(isatty(fd)) == 1;
    864 }
    865 
    866 static void Posix_kill(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jint sig) {
    867     throwIfMinusOne(env, "kill", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(kill(pid, sig)));
    868 }
    869 
    870 static void Posix_lchown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint uid, jint gid) {
    871     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    872     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    873         return;
    874     }
    875     throwIfMinusOne(env, "lchown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lchown(path.c_str(), uid, gid)));
    876 }
    877 
    878 static void Posix_listen(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint backlog) {
    879     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    880     throwIfMinusOne(env, "listen", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(listen(fd, backlog)));
    881 }
    882 
    883 static jlong Posix_lseek(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jlong offset, jint whence) {
    884     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    885     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "lseek", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek64(fd, offset, whence)));
    886 }
    887 
    888 static jobject Posix_lstat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
    889     return doStat(env, javaPath, true);
    890 }
    891 
    892 static void Posix_mincore(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jbyteArray javaVector) {
    893     ScopedByteArrayRW vector(env, javaVector);
    894     if (vector.get() == NULL) {
    895         return;
    896     }
    897     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    898     unsigned char* vec = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(vector.get());
    899     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mincore", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mincore(ptr, byteCount, vec)));
    900 }
    901 
    902 static void Posix_mkdir(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint mode) {
    903     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    904     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    905         return;
    906     }
    907     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mkdir", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkdir(path.c_str(), mode)));
    908 }
    909 
    910 static void Posix_mlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
    911     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    912     throwIfMinusOne(env, "mlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mlock(ptr, byteCount)));
    913 }
    914 
    915 static jlong Posix_mmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint prot, jint flags, jobject javaFd, jlong offset) {
    916     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
    917     void* suggestedPtr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    918     void* ptr = mmap(suggestedPtr, byteCount, prot, flags, fd, offset);
    919     if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
    920         throwErrnoException(env, "mmap");
    921     }
    922     return static_cast<jlong>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr));
    923 }
    924 
    925 static void Posix_msync(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount, jint flags) {
    926     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    927     throwIfMinusOne(env, "msync", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(msync(ptr, byteCount, flags)));
    928 }
    929 
    930 static void Posix_munlock(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
    931     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    932     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munlock", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munlock(ptr, byteCount)));
    933 }
    934 
    935 static void Posix_munmap(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jlong address, jlong byteCount) {
    936     void* ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(address));
    937     throwIfMinusOne(env, "munmap", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(munmap(ptr, byteCount)));
    938 }
    939 
    940 static jobject Posix_open(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath, jint flags, jint mode) {
    941     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
    942     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
    943         return NULL;
    944     }
    945     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "open", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(), flags, mode)));
    946     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
    947 }
    948 
    949 static jobjectArray Posix_pipe(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
    950     int fds[2];
    951     throwIfMinusOne(env, "pipe", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pipe(&fds[0])));
    952     jobjectArray result = env->NewObjectArray(2, JniConstants::fileDescriptorClass, NULL);
    953     if (result == NULL) {
    954         return NULL;
    955     }
    956     for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
    957         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> fd(env, jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fds[i]));
    958         if (fd.get() == NULL) {
    959             return NULL;
    960         }
    961         env->SetObjectArrayElement(result, i, fd.get());
    962         if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
    963             return NULL;
    964         }
    965     }
    966     return result;
    967 }
    968 
    969 static jint Posix_poll(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobjectArray javaStructs, jint timeoutMs) {
    970     static jfieldID fdFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "fd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;");
    971     static jfieldID eventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "events", "S");
    972     static jfieldID reventsFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structPollfdClass, "revents", "S");
    973 
    974     // Turn the Java libcore.io.StructPollfd[] into a C++ struct pollfd[].
    975     size_t arrayLength = env->GetArrayLength(javaStructs);
    976     UniquePtr<struct pollfd[]> fds(new struct pollfd[arrayLength]);
    977     memset(fds.get(), 0, sizeof(struct pollfd) * arrayLength);
    978     size_t count = 0; // Some trailing array elements may be irrelevant. (See below.)
    979     for (size_t i = 0; i < arrayLength; ++i) {
    980         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
    981         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
    982             break; // We allow trailing nulls in the array for caller convenience.
    983         }
    984         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaFd(env, env->GetObjectField(javaStruct.get(), fdFid));
    985         if (javaFd.get() == NULL) {
    986             break; // We also allow callers to just clear the fd field (this is what Selector does).
    987         }
    988         fds[count].fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd.get());
    989         fds[count].events = env->GetShortField(javaStruct.get(), eventsFid);
    990         ++count;
    991     }
    992 
    993     // Since we don't know which fds -- if any -- are sockets, be conservative and register
    994     // all fds for asynchronous socket close monitoring.
    995     std::vector<AsynchronousSocketCloseMonitor*> monitors;
    996     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
    997         monitors.push_back(new AsynchronousSocketCloseMonitor(fds[i].fd));
    998     }
    999     int rc = poll(fds.get(), count, timeoutMs);
   1000     for (size_t i = 0; i < monitors.size(); ++i) {
   1001         delete monitors[i];
   1002     }
   1003     if (rc == -1) {
   1004         throwErrnoException(env, "poll");
   1005         return -1;
   1006     }
   1007 
   1008     // Update the revents fields in the Java libcore.io.StructPollfd[].
   1009     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
   1010         ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaStruct(env, env->GetObjectArrayElement(javaStructs, i));
   1011         if (javaStruct.get() == NULL) {
   1012             return -1;
   1013         }
   1014         env->SetShortField(javaStruct.get(), reventsFid, fds[i].revents);
   1015     }
   1016     return rc;
   1017 }
   1018 
   1019 static jint Posix_preadBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1020     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1021     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1022         return -1;
   1023     }
   1024     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1025     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "pread", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pread64(fd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset)));
   1026 }
   1027 
   1028 static jint Posix_pwriteBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jlong offset) {
   1029     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1030     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1031         return -1;
   1032     }
   1033     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1034     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "pwrite", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(pwrite64(fd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, offset)));
   1035 }
   1036 
   1037 static jint Posix_readBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1038     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1039     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1040         return -1;
   1041     }
   1042     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1043     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "read", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount)));
   1044 }
   1045 
   1046 static jint Posix_readv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1047     IoVec<ScopedBytesRW> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1048     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1049         return -1;
   1050     }
   1051     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1052     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "readv", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(readv(fd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size())));
   1053 }
   1054 
   1055 static jint Posix_recvfromBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetSocketAddress) {
   1056     ScopedBytesRW bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1057     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1058         return -1;
   1059     }
   1060     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1061     socklen_t sl = sizeof(ss);
   1062     memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
   1063     sockaddr* from = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
   1064     socklen_t* fromLength = (javaInetSocketAddress != NULL) ? &sl : 0;
   1065     jint recvCount = NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, recvfrom, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, from, fromLength);
   1066     fillInetSocketAddress(env, recvCount, javaInetSocketAddress, ss);
   1067     return recvCount;
   1068 }
   1069 
   1070 static void Posix_remove(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1071     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1072     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1073         return;
   1074     }
   1075     throwIfMinusOne(env, "remove", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(remove(path.c_str())));
   1076 }
   1077 
   1078 static void Posix_rename(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1079     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1080     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1081         return;
   1082     }
   1083     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1084     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1085         return;
   1086     }
   1087     throwIfMinusOne(env, "rename", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(rename(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1088 }
   1089 
   1090 static jlong Posix_sendfile(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaOutFd, jobject javaInFd, jobject javaOffset, jlong byteCount) {
   1091     int outFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaOutFd);
   1092     int inFd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaInFd);
   1093     static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableLongClass, "value", "J");
   1094     off_t offset = 0;
   1095     off_t* offsetPtr = NULL;
   1096     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1097         // TODO: fix bionic so we can have a 64-bit off_t!
   1098         offset = env->GetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid);
   1099         offsetPtr = &offset;
   1100     }
   1101     jlong result = throwIfMinusOne(env, "sendfile", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(sendfile(outFd, inFd, offsetPtr, byteCount)));
   1102     if (javaOffset != NULL) {
   1103         env->SetLongField(javaOffset, valueFid, offset);
   1104     }
   1105     return result;
   1106 }
   1107 
   1108 static jint Posix_sendtoBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobject javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount, jint flags, jobject javaInetAddress, jint port) {
   1109     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1110     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1111         return -1;
   1112     }
   1113     sockaddr_storage ss;
   1114     socklen_t sa_len = 0;
   1115     if (javaInetAddress != NULL && !inetAddressToSockaddr(env, javaInetAddress, port, ss, sa_len)) {
   1116         return -1;
   1117     }
   1118     const sockaddr* to = (javaInetAddress != NULL) ? reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&ss) : NULL;
   1119     return NET_FAILURE_RETRY(env, ssize_t, sendto, javaFd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount, flags, to, sa_len);
   1120 }
   1121 
   1122 static void Posix_setegid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint egid) {
   1123     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setegid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setegid(egid)));
   1124 }
   1125 
   1126 static void Posix_setenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName, jstring javaValue, jboolean overwrite) {
   1127     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1128     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1129         return;
   1130     }
   1131     ScopedUtfChars value(env, javaValue);
   1132     if (value.c_str() == NULL) {
   1133         return;
   1134     }
   1135     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setenv", setenv(name.c_str(), value.c_str(), overwrite));
   1136 }
   1137 
   1138 static void Posix_seteuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint euid) {
   1139     throwIfMinusOne(env, "seteuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(seteuid(euid)));
   1140 }
   1141 
   1142 static void Posix_setgid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint gid) {
   1143     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setgid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setgid(gid)));
   1144 }
   1145 
   1146 static jint Posix_setsid(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1147     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsid()));
   1148 }
   1149 
   1150 static void Posix_setsockoptByte(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1151     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1152     u_char byte = value;
   1153     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &byte, sizeof(byte))));
   1154 }
   1155 
   1156 static void Posix_setsockoptIfreq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jstring javaInterfaceName) {
   1157     struct ifreq req;
   1158     if (!fillIfreq(env, javaInterfaceName, req)) {
   1159         return;
   1160     }
   1161     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1162     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1163 }
   1164 
   1165 static void Posix_setsockoptInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1166     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1167     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1168 }
   1169 
   1170 #if defined(__APPLE__) && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED < 1070
   1171 // Mac OS didn't support modern multicast APIs until 10.7.
   1172 static void Posix_setsockoptIpMreqn(JNIEnv*, jobject, jobject, jint, jint, jint) { abort(); }
   1173 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupReq(JNIEnv*, jobject, jobject, jint, jint, jobject) { abort(); }
   1174 #else
   1175 static void Posix_setsockoptIpMreqn(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jint value) {
   1176     ip_mreqn req;
   1177     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1178     req.imr_ifindex = value;
   1179     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1180     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req))));
   1181 }
   1182 
   1183 static void Posix_setsockoptGroupReq(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaGroupReq) {
   1184     struct group_req req;
   1185     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
   1186 
   1187     static jfieldID grInterfaceFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_interface", "I");
   1188     req.gr_interface = env->GetIntField(javaGroupReq, grInterfaceFid);
   1189     // Get the IPv4 or IPv6 multicast address to join or leave.
   1190     static jfieldID grGroupFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structGroupReqClass, "gr_group", "Ljava/net/InetAddress;");
   1191     ScopedLocalRef<jobject> javaGroup(env, env->GetObjectField(javaGroupReq, grGroupFid));
   1192     socklen_t sa_len;
   1193     if (!inetAddressToSockaddrVerbatim(env, javaGroup.get(), 0, req.gr_group, sa_len)) {
   1194         return;
   1195     }
   1196 
   1197     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1198     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req, sizeof(req)));
   1199     if (rc == -1 && errno == EINVAL) {
   1200         // Maybe we're a 32-bit binary talking to a 64-bit kernel?
   1201         // glibc doesn't automatically handle this.
   1202         struct group_req64 {
   1203             uint32_t gr_interface;
   1204             uint32_t my_padding;
   1205             sockaddr_storage gr_group;
   1206         };
   1207         group_req64 req64;
   1208         req64.gr_interface = req.gr_interface;
   1209         memcpy(&req64.gr_group, &req.gr_group, sizeof(req.gr_group));
   1210         rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &req64, sizeof(req64)));
   1211     }
   1212     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", rc);
   1213 }
   1214 #endif
   1215 
   1216 static void Posix_setsockoptLinger(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaLinger) {
   1217     static jfieldID lOnoffFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_onoff", "I");
   1218     static jfieldID lLingerFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structLingerClass, "l_linger", "I");
   1219     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1220     struct linger value;
   1221     value.l_onoff = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lOnoffFid);
   1222     value.l_linger = env->GetIntField(javaLinger, lLingerFid);
   1223     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1224 }
   1225 
   1226 static void Posix_setsockoptTimeval(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint level, jint option, jobject javaTimeval) {
   1227     static jfieldID tvSecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_sec", "J");
   1228     static jfieldID tvUsecFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::structTimevalClass, "tv_usec", "J");
   1229     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1230     struct timeval value;
   1231     value.tv_sec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvSecFid);
   1232     value.tv_usec = env->GetLongField(javaTimeval, tvUsecFid);
   1233     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setsockopt", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setsockopt(fd, level, option, &value, sizeof(value))));
   1234 }
   1235 
   1236 static void Posix_setuid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint uid) {
   1237     throwIfMinusOne(env, "setuid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(setuid(uid)));
   1238 }
   1239 
   1240 static void Posix_shutdown(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint how) {
   1241     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1242     throwIfMinusOne(env, "shutdown", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(shutdown(fd, how)));
   1243 }
   1244 
   1245 static jobject Posix_socket(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol) {
   1246     int fd = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socket", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(domain, type, protocol)));
   1247     return fd != -1 ? jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd) : NULL;
   1248 }
   1249 
   1250 static void Posix_socketpair(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint domain, jint type, jint protocol, jobject javaFd1, jobject javaFd2) {
   1251     int fds[2];
   1252     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "socketpair", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socketpair(domain, type, protocol, fds)));
   1253     if (rc != -1) {
   1254         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd1, fds[0]);
   1255         jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd2, fds[1]);
   1256     }
   1257 }
   1258 
   1259 static jobject Posix_stat(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1260     return doStat(env, javaPath, false);
   1261 }
   1262 
   1263 static jobject Posix_statvfs(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaPath) {
   1264     ScopedUtfChars path(env, javaPath);
   1265     if (path.c_str() == NULL) {
   1266         return NULL;
   1267     }
   1268     struct statvfs sb;
   1269     int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(statvfs(path.c_str(), &sb));
   1270     if (rc == -1) {
   1271         throwErrnoException(env, "statvfs");
   1272         return NULL;
   1273     }
   1274     return makeStructStatVfs(env, sb);
   1275 }
   1276 
   1277 static jstring Posix_strerror(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint errnum) {
   1278     char buffer[BUFSIZ];
   1279     const char* message = jniStrError(errnum, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
   1280     return env->NewStringUTF(message);
   1281 }
   1282 
   1283 static jstring Posix_strsignal(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint signal) {
   1284     return env->NewStringUTF(strsignal(signal));
   1285 }
   1286 
   1287 static void Posix_symlink(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaOldPath, jstring javaNewPath) {
   1288     ScopedUtfChars oldPath(env, javaOldPath);
   1289     if (oldPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1290         return;
   1291     }
   1292     ScopedUtfChars newPath(env, javaNewPath);
   1293     if (newPath.c_str() == NULL) {
   1294         return;
   1295     }
   1296     throwIfMinusOne(env, "symlink", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(symlink(oldPath.c_str(), newPath.c_str())));
   1297 }
   1298 
   1299 static jlong Posix_sysconf(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint name) {
   1300     // Since -1 is a valid result from sysconf(3), detecting failure is a little more awkward.
   1301     errno = 0;
   1302     long result = sysconf(name);
   1303     if (result == -1L && errno == EINVAL) {
   1304         throwErrnoException(env, "sysconf");
   1305     }
   1306     return result;
   1307 }
   1308 
   1309 static void Posix_tcdrain(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd) {
   1310     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1311     throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcdrain", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcdrain(fd)));
   1312 }
   1313 
   1314 static void Posix_tcsendbreak(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jint duration) {
   1315   int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1316   throwIfMinusOne(env, "tcsendbreak", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(tcsendbreak(fd, duration)));
   1317 }
   1318 
   1319 static jint Posix_umaskImpl(JNIEnv*, jobject, jint mask) {
   1320     return umask(mask);
   1321 }
   1322 
   1323 static jobject Posix_uname(JNIEnv* env, jobject) {
   1324     struct utsname buf;
   1325     if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(uname(&buf)) == -1) {
   1326         return NULL; // Can't happen.
   1327     }
   1328     return makeStructUtsname(env, buf);
   1329 }
   1330 
   1331 static void Posix_unsetenv(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jstring javaName) {
   1332     ScopedUtfChars name(env, javaName);
   1333     if (name.c_str() == NULL) {
   1334         return;
   1335     }
   1336     throwIfMinusOne(env, "unsetenv", unsetenv(name.c_str()));
   1337 }
   1338 
   1339 static jint Posix_waitpid(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint pid, jobject javaStatus, jint options) {
   1340     int status;
   1341     int rc = throwIfMinusOne(env, "waitpid", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(pid, &status, options)));
   1342     if (rc != -1) {
   1343         static jfieldID valueFid = env->GetFieldID(JniConstants::mutableIntClass, "value", "I");
   1344         env->SetIntField(javaStatus, valueFid, status);
   1345     }
   1346     return rc;
   1347 }
   1348 
   1349 static jint Posix_writeBytes(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jbyteArray javaBytes, jint byteOffset, jint byteCount) {
   1350     ScopedBytesRO bytes(env, javaBytes);
   1351     if (bytes.get() == NULL) {
   1352         return -1;
   1353     }
   1354     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1355     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "write", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fd, bytes.get() + byteOffset, byteCount)));
   1356 }
   1357 
   1358 static jint Posix_writev(JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject javaFd, jobjectArray buffers, jintArray offsets, jintArray byteCounts) {
   1359     IoVec<ScopedBytesRO> ioVec(env, env->GetArrayLength(buffers));
   1360     if (!ioVec.init(buffers, offsets, byteCounts)) {
   1361         return -1;
   1362     }
   1363     int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
   1364     return throwIfMinusOne(env, "writev", TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(fd, ioVec.get(), ioVec.size())));
   1365 }
   1366 
   1367 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
   1368     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, accept, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetSocketAddress;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1369     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, access, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z"),
   1370     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, bind, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1371     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chmod, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1372     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, chown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   1373     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, close, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1374     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, connect, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)V"),
   1375     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1376     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, dup2, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1377     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, environ, "()[Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1378     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execv, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1379     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, execve, "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1380     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchmod, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1381     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fchown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)V"),
   1382     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlVoid, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)I"),
   1383     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlLong, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IJ)I"),
   1384     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fcntlFlock, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILlibcore/io/StructFlock;)I"),
   1385     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fdatasync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1386     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstat, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Llibcore/io/StructStat;"),
   1387     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fstatvfs, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Llibcore/io/StructStatVfs;"),
   1388     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, fsync, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1389     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ftruncate, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;J)V"),
   1390     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gai_strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1391     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getaddrinfo, "(Ljava/lang/String;Llibcore/io/StructAddrinfo;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1392     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getegid, "()I"),
   1393     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, geteuid, "()I"),
   1394     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getgid, "()I"),
   1395     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1396     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getnameinfo, "(Ljava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1397     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpeername, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   1398     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpid, "()I"),
   1399     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getppid, "()I"),
   1400     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwnam, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Llibcore/io/StructPasswd;"),
   1401     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getpwuid, "(I)Llibcore/io/StructPasswd;"),
   1402     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockname, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Ljava/net/SocketAddress;"),
   1403     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   1404     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInAddr, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1405     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)I"),
   1406     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Llibcore/io/StructLinger;"),
   1407     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Llibcore/io/StructTimeval;"),
   1408     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getsockoptUcred, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;II)Llibcore/io/StructUcred;"),
   1409     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, gettid, "()I"),
   1410     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, getuid, "()I"),
   1411     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, if_indextoname, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1412     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, inet_pton, "(ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1413     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInetAddress, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILjava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/InetAddress;"),
   1414     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, ioctlInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;ILlibcore/util/MutableInt;)I"),
   1415     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, isatty, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Z"),
   1416     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, kill, "(II)V"),
   1417     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lchown, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)V"),
   1418     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, listen, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1419     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lseek, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JI)J"),
   1420     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, lstat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Llibcore/io/StructStat;"),
   1421     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mincore, "(JJ[B)V"),
   1422     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mkdir, "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V"),
   1423     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mlock, "(JJ)V"),
   1424     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, mmap, "(JJIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;J)J"),
   1425     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, msync, "(JJI)V"),
   1426     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munlock, "(JJ)V"),
   1427     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, munmap, "(JJ)V"),
   1428     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, open, "(Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1429     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pipe, "()[Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1430     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, poll, "([Llibcore/io/StructPollfd;I)I"),
   1431     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, preadBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   1432     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, pwriteBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIJ)I"),
   1433     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   1434     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, readv, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   1435     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, recvfromBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetSocketAddress;)I"),
   1436     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, remove, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1437     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, rename, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1438     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendfile, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Llibcore/util/MutableLong;J)J"),
   1439     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sendtoBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;IIILjava/net/InetAddress;I)I"),
   1440     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setegid, "(I)V"),
   1441     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Z)V"),
   1442     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, seteuid, "(I)V"),
   1443     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setgid, "(I)V"),
   1444     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsid, "()I"),
   1445     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptByte, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1446     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIfreq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILjava/lang/String;)V"),
   1447     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptInt, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1448     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptIpMreqn, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;III)V"),
   1449     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptGroupReq, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILlibcore/io/StructGroupReq;)V"),
   1450     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptLinger, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILlibcore/io/StructLinger;)V"),
   1451     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setsockoptTimeval, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;IILlibcore/io/StructTimeval;)V"),
   1452     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, setuid, "(I)V"),
   1453     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, shutdown, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1454     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socket, "(III)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;"),
   1455     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, socketpair, "(IIILjava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1456     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, stat, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Llibcore/io/StructStat;"),
   1457     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, statvfs, "(Ljava/lang/String;)Llibcore/io/StructStatVfs;"),
   1458     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strerror, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1459     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, strsignal, "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"),
   1460     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, symlink, "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1461     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, sysconf, "(I)J"),
   1462     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcdrain, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V"),
   1463     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, tcsendbreak, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V"),
   1464     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, umaskImpl, "(I)I"),
   1465     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, uname, "()Llibcore/io/StructUtsname;"),
   1466     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, unsetenv, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"),
   1467     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, waitpid, "(ILlibcore/util/MutableInt;I)I"),
   1468     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writeBytes, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Ljava/lang/Object;II)I"),
   1469     NATIVE_METHOD(Posix, writev, "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;[Ljava/lang/Object;[I[I)I"),
   1470 };
   1471 void register_libcore_io_Posix(JNIEnv* env) {
   1472     jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "libcore/io/Posix", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
   1473 }
   1474