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      1 //===-- RegisterPressure.h - Dynamic Register Pressure -*- C++ -*-------===//
      2 //
      3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
      4 //
      5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
      6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
      7 //
      8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
      9 //
     10 // This file defines the RegisterPressure class which can be used to track
     11 // MachineInstr level register pressure.
     12 //
     13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
     14 
     15 #ifndef LLVM_CODEGEN_REGISTERPRESSURE_H
     16 #define LLVM_CODEGEN_REGISTERPRESSURE_H
     17 
     18 #include "llvm/ADT/SparseSet.h"
     19 #include "llvm/CodeGen/SlotIndexes.h"
     20 #include "llvm/Target/TargetRegisterInfo.h"
     21 
     22 namespace llvm {
     23 
     24 class LiveIntervals;
     25 class LiveRange;
     26 class RegisterClassInfo;
     27 class MachineInstr;
     28 
     29 /// Base class for register pressure results.
     30 struct RegisterPressure {
     31   /// Map of max reg pressure indexed by pressure set ID, not class ID.
     32   std::vector<unsigned> MaxSetPressure;
     33 
     34   /// List of live in virtual registers or physical register units.
     35   SmallVector<unsigned,8> LiveInRegs;
     36   SmallVector<unsigned,8> LiveOutRegs;
     37 
     38   void dump(const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI) const;
     39 };
     40 
     41 /// RegisterPressure computed within a region of instructions delimited by
     42 /// TopIdx and BottomIdx.  During pressure computation, the maximum pressure per
     43 /// register pressure set is increased. Once pressure within a region is fully
     44 /// computed, the live-in and live-out sets are recorded.
     45 ///
     46 /// This is preferable to RegionPressure when LiveIntervals are available,
     47 /// because delimiting regions by SlotIndex is more robust and convenient than
     48 /// holding block iterators. The block contents can change without invalidating
     49 /// the pressure result.
     50 struct IntervalPressure : RegisterPressure {
     51   /// Record the boundary of the region being tracked.
     52   SlotIndex TopIdx;
     53   SlotIndex BottomIdx;
     54 
     55   void reset();
     56 
     57   void openTop(SlotIndex NextTop);
     58 
     59   void openBottom(SlotIndex PrevBottom);
     60 };
     61 
     62 /// RegisterPressure computed within a region of instructions delimited by
     63 /// TopPos and BottomPos. This is a less precise version of IntervalPressure for
     64 /// use when LiveIntervals are unavailable.
     65 struct RegionPressure : RegisterPressure {
     66   /// Record the boundary of the region being tracked.
     67   MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator TopPos;
     68   MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator BottomPos;
     69 
     70   void reset();
     71 
     72   void openTop(MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator PrevTop);
     73 
     74   void openBottom(MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator PrevBottom);
     75 };
     76 
     77 /// Capture a change in pressure for a single pressure set. UnitInc may be
     78 /// expressed in terms of upward or downward pressure depending on the client
     79 /// and will be dynamically adjusted for current liveness.
     80 ///
     81 /// Pressure increments are tiny, typically 1-2 units, and this is only for
     82 /// heuristics, so we don't check UnitInc overflow. Instead, we may have a
     83 /// higher level assert that pressure is consistent within a region. We also
     84 /// effectively ignore dead defs which don't affect heuristics much.
     85 class PressureChange {
     86   uint16_t PSetID; // ID+1. 0=Invalid.
     87   int16_t  UnitInc;
     88 public:
     89   PressureChange(): PSetID(0), UnitInc(0) {}
     90   PressureChange(unsigned id): PSetID(id+1), UnitInc(0) {
     91     assert(id < UINT16_MAX && "PSetID overflow.");
     92   }
     93 
     94   bool isValid() const { return PSetID > 0; }
     95 
     96   unsigned getPSet() const {
     97     assert(isValid() && "invalid PressureChange");
     98     return PSetID - 1;
     99   }
    100   // If PSetID is invalid, return UINT16_MAX to give it lowest priority.
    101   unsigned getPSetOrMax() const { return (PSetID - 1) & UINT16_MAX; }
    102 
    103   int getUnitInc() const { return UnitInc; }
    104 
    105   void setUnitInc(int Inc) { UnitInc = Inc; }
    106 
    107   bool operator==(const PressureChange &RHS) const {
    108     return PSetID == RHS.PSetID && UnitInc == RHS.UnitInc;
    109   }
    110 };
    111 
    112 template <> struct isPodLike<PressureChange> {
    113    static const bool value = true;
    114 };
    115 
    116 /// List of PressureChanges in order of increasing, unique PSetID.
    117 ///
    118 /// Use a small fixed number, because we can fit more PressureChanges in an
    119 /// empty SmallVector than ever need to be tracked per register class. If more
    120 /// PSets are affected, then we only track the most constrained.
    121 class PressureDiff {
    122   // The initial design was for MaxPSets=4, but that requires PSet partitions,
    123   // which are not yet implemented. (PSet partitions are equivalent PSets given
    124   // the register classes actually in use within the scheduling region.)
    125   enum { MaxPSets = 16 };
    126 
    127   PressureChange PressureChanges[MaxPSets];
    128 
    129   typedef PressureChange* iterator;
    130   iterator nonconst_begin() { return &PressureChanges[0]; }
    131   iterator nonconst_end() { return &PressureChanges[MaxPSets]; }
    132 
    133 public:
    134   typedef const PressureChange* const_iterator;
    135   const_iterator begin() const { return &PressureChanges[0]; }
    136   const_iterator end() const { return &PressureChanges[MaxPSets]; }
    137 
    138   void addPressureChange(unsigned RegUnit, bool IsDec,
    139                          const MachineRegisterInfo *MRI);
    140 
    141   LLVM_DUMP_METHOD void dump(const TargetRegisterInfo &TRI) const;
    142 };
    143 
    144 /// Array of PressureDiffs.
    145 class PressureDiffs {
    146   PressureDiff *PDiffArray;
    147   unsigned Size;
    148   unsigned Max;
    149 public:
    150   PressureDiffs(): PDiffArray(nullptr), Size(0), Max(0) {}
    151   ~PressureDiffs() { free(PDiffArray); }
    152 
    153   void clear() { Size = 0; }
    154 
    155   void init(unsigned N);
    156 
    157   PressureDiff &operator[](unsigned Idx) {
    158     assert(Idx < Size && "PressureDiff index out of bounds");
    159     return PDiffArray[Idx];
    160   }
    161   const PressureDiff &operator[](unsigned Idx) const {
    162     return const_cast<PressureDiffs*>(this)->operator[](Idx);
    163   }
    164 };
    165 
    166 /// Store the effects of a change in pressure on things that MI scheduler cares
    167 /// about.
    168 ///
    169 /// Excess records the value of the largest difference in register units beyond
    170 /// the target's pressure limits across the affected pressure sets, where
    171 /// largest is defined as the absolute value of the difference. Negative
    172 /// ExcessUnits indicates a reduction in pressure that had already exceeded the
    173 /// target's limits.
    174 ///
    175 /// CriticalMax records the largest increase in the tracker's max pressure that
    176 /// exceeds the critical limit for some pressure set determined by the client.
    177 ///
    178 /// CurrentMax records the largest increase in the tracker's max pressure that
    179 /// exceeds the current limit for some pressure set determined by the client.
    180 struct RegPressureDelta {
    181   PressureChange Excess;
    182   PressureChange CriticalMax;
    183   PressureChange CurrentMax;
    184 
    185   RegPressureDelta() {}
    186 
    187   bool operator==(const RegPressureDelta &RHS) const {
    188     return Excess == RHS.Excess && CriticalMax == RHS.CriticalMax
    189       && CurrentMax == RHS.CurrentMax;
    190   }
    191   bool operator!=(const RegPressureDelta &RHS) const {
    192     return !operator==(RHS);
    193   }
    194 };
    195 
    196 /// A set of live virtual registers and physical register units.
    197 ///
    198 /// This is a wrapper around a SparseSet which deals with mapping register unit
    199 /// and virtual register indexes to an index usable by the sparse set.
    200 class LiveRegSet {
    201 private:
    202   SparseSet<unsigned> Regs;
    203   unsigned NumRegUnits;
    204 
    205   unsigned getSparseIndexFromReg(unsigned Reg) const {
    206     if (TargetRegisterInfo::isVirtualRegister(Reg))
    207       return TargetRegisterInfo::virtReg2Index(Reg) + NumRegUnits;
    208     assert(Reg < NumRegUnits);
    209     return Reg;
    210   }
    211   unsigned getRegFromSparseIndex(unsigned SparseIndex) const {
    212     if (SparseIndex >= NumRegUnits)
    213       return TargetRegisterInfo::index2VirtReg(SparseIndex-NumRegUnits);
    214     return SparseIndex;
    215   }
    216 
    217 public:
    218   void clear();
    219   void init(const MachineRegisterInfo &MRI);
    220 
    221   bool contains(unsigned Reg) const {
    222     unsigned SparseIndex = getSparseIndexFromReg(Reg);
    223     return Regs.count(SparseIndex);
    224   }
    225 
    226   bool insert(unsigned Reg) {
    227     unsigned SparseIndex = getSparseIndexFromReg(Reg);
    228     return Regs.insert(SparseIndex).second;
    229   }
    230 
    231   bool erase(unsigned Reg) {
    232     unsigned SparseIndex = getSparseIndexFromReg(Reg);
    233     return Regs.erase(SparseIndex);
    234   }
    235 
    236   size_t size() const {
    237     return Regs.size();
    238   }
    239 
    240   template<typename ContainerT>
    241   void appendTo(ContainerT &To) const {
    242     for (unsigned I : Regs) {
    243       unsigned Reg = getRegFromSparseIndex(I);
    244       To.push_back(Reg);
    245     }
    246   }
    247 };
    248 
    249 /// Track the current register pressure at some position in the instruction
    250 /// stream, and remember the high water mark within the region traversed. This
    251 /// does not automatically consider live-through ranges. The client may
    252 /// independently adjust for global liveness.
    253 ///
    254 /// Each RegPressureTracker only works within a MachineBasicBlock. Pressure can
    255 /// be tracked across a larger region by storing a RegisterPressure result at
    256 /// each block boundary and explicitly adjusting pressure to account for block
    257 /// live-in and live-out register sets.
    258 ///
    259 /// RegPressureTracker holds a reference to a RegisterPressure result that it
    260 /// computes incrementally. During downward tracking, P.BottomIdx or P.BottomPos
    261 /// is invalid until it reaches the end of the block or closeRegion() is
    262 /// explicitly called. Similarly, P.TopIdx is invalid during upward
    263 /// tracking. Changing direction has the side effect of closing region, and
    264 /// traversing past TopIdx or BottomIdx reopens it.
    265 class RegPressureTracker {
    266   const MachineFunction     *MF;
    267   const TargetRegisterInfo  *TRI;
    268   const RegisterClassInfo   *RCI;
    269   const MachineRegisterInfo *MRI;
    270   const LiveIntervals       *LIS;
    271 
    272   /// We currently only allow pressure tracking within a block.
    273   const MachineBasicBlock *MBB;
    274 
    275   /// Track the max pressure within the region traversed so far.
    276   RegisterPressure &P;
    277 
    278   /// Run in two modes dependending on whether constructed with IntervalPressure
    279   /// or RegisterPressure. If requireIntervals is false, LIS are ignored.
    280   bool RequireIntervals;
    281 
    282   /// True if UntiedDefs will be populated.
    283   bool TrackUntiedDefs;
    284 
    285   /// Register pressure corresponds to liveness before this instruction
    286   /// iterator. It may point to the end of the block or a DebugValue rather than
    287   /// an instruction.
    288   MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator CurrPos;
    289 
    290   /// Pressure map indexed by pressure set ID, not class ID.
    291   std::vector<unsigned> CurrSetPressure;
    292 
    293   /// Set of live registers.
    294   LiveRegSet LiveRegs;
    295 
    296   /// Set of vreg defs that start a live range.
    297   SparseSet<unsigned, VirtReg2IndexFunctor> UntiedDefs;
    298   /// Live-through pressure.
    299   std::vector<unsigned> LiveThruPressure;
    300 
    301 public:
    302   RegPressureTracker(IntervalPressure &rp) :
    303     MF(nullptr), TRI(nullptr), RCI(nullptr), LIS(nullptr), MBB(nullptr), P(rp),
    304     RequireIntervals(true), TrackUntiedDefs(false) {}
    305 
    306   RegPressureTracker(RegionPressure &rp) :
    307     MF(nullptr), TRI(nullptr), RCI(nullptr), LIS(nullptr), MBB(nullptr), P(rp),
    308     RequireIntervals(false), TrackUntiedDefs(false) {}
    309 
    310   void reset();
    311 
    312   void init(const MachineFunction *mf, const RegisterClassInfo *rci,
    313             const LiveIntervals *lis, const MachineBasicBlock *mbb,
    314             MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator pos,
    315             bool ShouldTrackUntiedDefs = false);
    316 
    317   /// Force liveness of virtual registers or physical register
    318   /// units. Particularly useful to initialize the livein/out state of the
    319   /// tracker before the first call to advance/recede.
    320   void addLiveRegs(ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs);
    321 
    322   /// Get the MI position corresponding to this register pressure.
    323   MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator getPos() const { return CurrPos; }
    324 
    325   // Reset the MI position corresponding to the register pressure. This allows
    326   // schedulers to move instructions above the RegPressureTracker's
    327   // CurrPos. Since the pressure is computed before CurrPos, the iterator
    328   // position changes while pressure does not.
    329   void setPos(MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator Pos) { CurrPos = Pos; }
    330 
    331   /// Recede across the previous instruction.
    332   void recede(SmallVectorImpl<unsigned> *LiveUses = nullptr,
    333               PressureDiff *PDiff = nullptr);
    334 
    335   /// Advance across the current instruction.
    336   void advance();
    337 
    338   /// Finalize the region boundaries and recored live ins and live outs.
    339   void closeRegion();
    340 
    341   /// Initialize the LiveThru pressure set based on the untied defs found in
    342   /// RPTracker.
    343   void initLiveThru(const RegPressureTracker &RPTracker);
    344 
    345   /// Copy an existing live thru pressure result.
    346   void initLiveThru(ArrayRef<unsigned> PressureSet) {
    347     LiveThruPressure.assign(PressureSet.begin(), PressureSet.end());
    348   }
    349 
    350   ArrayRef<unsigned> getLiveThru() const { return LiveThruPressure; }
    351 
    352   /// Get the resulting register pressure over the traversed region.
    353   /// This result is complete if closeRegion() was explicitly invoked.
    354   RegisterPressure &getPressure() { return P; }
    355   const RegisterPressure &getPressure() const { return P; }
    356 
    357   /// Get the register set pressure at the current position, which may be less
    358   /// than the pressure across the traversed region.
    359   const std::vector<unsigned> &getRegSetPressureAtPos() const {
    360     return CurrSetPressure;
    361   }
    362 
    363   bool isTopClosed() const;
    364   bool isBottomClosed() const;
    365 
    366   void closeTop();
    367   void closeBottom();
    368 
    369   /// Consider the pressure increase caused by traversing this instruction
    370   /// bottom-up. Find the pressure set with the most change beyond its pressure
    371   /// limit based on the tracker's current pressure, and record the number of
    372   /// excess register units of that pressure set introduced by this instruction.
    373   void getMaxUpwardPressureDelta(const MachineInstr *MI,
    374                                  PressureDiff *PDiff,
    375                                  RegPressureDelta &Delta,
    376                                  ArrayRef<PressureChange> CriticalPSets,
    377                                  ArrayRef<unsigned> MaxPressureLimit);
    378 
    379   void getUpwardPressureDelta(const MachineInstr *MI,
    380                               /*const*/ PressureDiff &PDiff,
    381                               RegPressureDelta &Delta,
    382                               ArrayRef<PressureChange> CriticalPSets,
    383                               ArrayRef<unsigned> MaxPressureLimit) const;
    384 
    385   /// Consider the pressure increase caused by traversing this instruction
    386   /// top-down. Find the pressure set with the most change beyond its pressure
    387   /// limit based on the tracker's current pressure, and record the number of
    388   /// excess register units of that pressure set introduced by this instruction.
    389   void getMaxDownwardPressureDelta(const MachineInstr *MI,
    390                                    RegPressureDelta &Delta,
    391                                    ArrayRef<PressureChange> CriticalPSets,
    392                                    ArrayRef<unsigned> MaxPressureLimit);
    393 
    394   /// Find the pressure set with the most change beyond its pressure limit after
    395   /// traversing this instruction either upward or downward depending on the
    396   /// closed end of the current region.
    397   void getMaxPressureDelta(const MachineInstr *MI,
    398                            RegPressureDelta &Delta,
    399                            ArrayRef<PressureChange> CriticalPSets,
    400                            ArrayRef<unsigned> MaxPressureLimit) {
    401     if (isTopClosed())
    402       return getMaxDownwardPressureDelta(MI, Delta, CriticalPSets,
    403                                          MaxPressureLimit);
    404 
    405     assert(isBottomClosed() && "Uninitialized pressure tracker");
    406     return getMaxUpwardPressureDelta(MI, nullptr, Delta, CriticalPSets,
    407                                      MaxPressureLimit);
    408   }
    409 
    410   /// Get the pressure of each PSet after traversing this instruction bottom-up.
    411   void getUpwardPressure(const MachineInstr *MI,
    412                          std::vector<unsigned> &PressureResult,
    413                          std::vector<unsigned> &MaxPressureResult);
    414 
    415   /// Get the pressure of each PSet after traversing this instruction top-down.
    416   void getDownwardPressure(const MachineInstr *MI,
    417                            std::vector<unsigned> &PressureResult,
    418                            std::vector<unsigned> &MaxPressureResult);
    419 
    420   void getPressureAfterInst(const MachineInstr *MI,
    421                             std::vector<unsigned> &PressureResult,
    422                             std::vector<unsigned> &MaxPressureResult) {
    423     if (isTopClosed())
    424       return getUpwardPressure(MI, PressureResult, MaxPressureResult);
    425 
    426     assert(isBottomClosed() && "Uninitialized pressure tracker");
    427     return getDownwardPressure(MI, PressureResult, MaxPressureResult);
    428   }
    429 
    430   bool hasUntiedDef(unsigned VirtReg) const {
    431     return UntiedDefs.count(VirtReg);
    432   }
    433 
    434   void dump() const;
    435 
    436 protected:
    437   void discoverLiveOut(unsigned Reg);
    438   void discoverLiveIn(unsigned Reg);
    439 
    440   /// \brief Get the SlotIndex for the first nondebug instruction including or
    441   /// after the current position.
    442   SlotIndex getCurrSlot() const;
    443 
    444   void increaseRegPressure(ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs);
    445   void decreaseRegPressure(ArrayRef<unsigned> Regs);
    446 
    447   void bumpUpwardPressure(const MachineInstr *MI);
    448   void bumpDownwardPressure(const MachineInstr *MI);
    449 };
    450 
    451 void dumpRegSetPressure(ArrayRef<unsigned> SetPressure,
    452                         const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI);
    453 } // end namespace llvm
    454 
    455 #endif
    456