xref: /external/swiftshader/third_party/PowerVR_SDK/Examples/Beginner/01_HelloAPI/OGLES2/OGLES2HelloAPI_OSX.mm

/*******************************************************************************************************************************************

 @File         OGLES2HelloAPI_OSX.mm

 @Title        OpenGL ES 2.0 HelloAPI Tutorial

 @Version

 @Copyright    Copyright (c) Imagination Technologies Limited.

 @Platform

 @Description  Basic Tutorial that shows step-by-step how to initialize OpenGL ES 2.0, use it for drawing a triangle and terminate it.
 Entry Point: main

 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
/*******************************************************************************************************************************************
 Include Files
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
#include <EGL/egl.h>
#include <GLES2/gl2.h>
#import <AppKit/NSApplication.h>
#import <AppKit/NSWindow.h>
#import <AppKit/NSScreen.h>
#import <AppKit/NSView.h>

/*******************************************************************************************************************************************
 Defines
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
// Index to bind the attributes to vertex shaders
#define VERTEX_ARRAY	0
#define KFPS			120.0

// Width and height of the window
#define WIDTH  800
#define HEIGHT 600

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 Class AppController
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
@class AppController;

@interface AppController : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
{
@private
	NSTimer*         m_timer;		// timer for rendering our OpenGL content
	NSWindow*        m_window;   	// Our window
	NSView*          m_view;        // Our view

    // Shaders
    GLuint           m_fragShader;
    GLuint           m_vertexShader;
    GLuint           m_program;

    // Vertex buffer objects
    GLuint           m_vertexBuffer;

    // EGL variables
    EGLDisplay       m_Display;
    EGLSurface       m_Surface;
    EGLContext       m_Context;
}
@end

@implementation AppController

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		testGLError
 @Input			functionLastCalled          Function which triggered the error
 @Return		True if no GL error was detected
 @Description	Tests for an GL error and prints it in a message box.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) testGLError:(const char *)functionLastCalled
{
	/*	glGetError returns the last error that occurred using OpenGL ES, not necessarily the status of the last called function. The user
	 has to check after every single OpenGL ES call or at least once every frame. Usually this would be for debugging only, but for this
	 example it is enabled always
	 */
	GLenum lastError = glGetError();
	if (lastError != GL_NO_ERROR)
	{
		NSLog(@"%s failed (%x).\n", functionLastCalled, lastError);
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		testEGLError
 @Input			functionLastCalled          Function which triggered the error
 @Return		True if no EGL error was detected
 @Description	Tests for an EGL error and prints it.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) testEGLError:(const char *)functionLastCalled
{
	/*	eglGetError returns the last error that occurred using EGL, not necessarily the status of the last called function. The user has to
	 check after every single EGL call or at least once every frame. Usually this would be for debugging only, but for this example
	 it is enabled always.
	 */
	EGLint lastError = eglGetError();
	if (lastError != EGL_SUCCESS)
	{
		NSLog(@"%s failed (%x).\n", functionLastCalled, lastError);
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		createEGLDisplay
 @Output		eglDisplay				    EGLDisplay created
 @Return		Whether the function succeeded or not.
 @Description	Creates an EGLDisplay and initialises it.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) createEGLDisplay:(EGLDisplay &)eglDisplay
{
	/*	Get an EGL display.
	 EGL uses the concept of a "display" which in most environments corresponds to a single physical screen. After creating a native
	 display for a given windowing system, EGL can use this handle to get a corresponding EGLDisplay handle to it for use in rendering.
	 Should this fail, EGL is usually able to provide access to a default display. For Null window systems, there is no display so NULL
	 is passed the this function.
	 */
	eglDisplay = eglGetDisplay((EGLNativeDisplayType)0);
	if (eglDisplay == EGL_NO_DISPLAY)
	{
		printf("Failed to get an EGLDisplay");
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Initialize EGL.
	 EGL has to be initialized with the display obtained in the previous step. All EGL functions other than eglGetDisplay
	 and eglGetError need an initialised EGLDisplay.
	 If an application is not interested in the EGL version number it can just pass NULL for the second and third parameters, but they
	 are queried here for illustration purposes.
	 */
	EGLint eglMajorVersion, eglMinorVersion;
	if (!eglInitialize(eglDisplay, &eglMajorVersion, &eglMinorVersion))
	{
		printf("Failed to initialise the EGLDisplay");
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		chooseEGLConfig
 @Output		eglConfig                   The EGLConfig chosen by the function
 @Input			eglDisplay                  The EGLDisplay used by the application
 @Return		Whether the function succeeded or not.
 @Description	Chooses an appropriate EGLConfig and return it.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) chooseEGLConfig:(EGLConfig &)eglConfig fromDisplay:(EGLDisplay)eglDisplay
{
	/*	Specify the required configuration attributes.
	 An EGL "configuration" describes the capabilities an application requires and the type of surfaces that can be used for drawing.
	 Each implementation exposes a number of different configurations, and an application needs to describe to EGL what capabilities it
	 requires so that an appropriate one can be chosen. The first step in doing this is to create an attribute list, which is an array
	 of key/value pairs which describe particular capabilities requested. In this application nothing special is required so we can query
	 the minimum of needing it to render to a window, and being OpenGL ES 2.0 capable.
	 */
	const EGLint configurationAttributes[] =
	{
		EGL_SURFACE_TYPE,		EGL_WINDOW_BIT,
		EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,	EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT,
		EGL_NONE
	};

	/*	Find a suitable EGLConfig
	 eglChooseConfig is provided by EGL to provide an easy way to select an appropriate configuration. It takes in the capabilities
	 specified in the attribute list, and returns a list of available configurations that match or exceed the capabilities requested.
	 Details of all the possible attributes and how they are selected for by this function are available in the EGL reference pages here:
	 http://www.khronos.org/registry/egl/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/eglChooseConfig.html
	 It is also possible to simply get the entire list of configurations and use a custom algorithm to choose a suitable one, as many
	 advanced applications choose to do. For this application however, taking the first EGLConfig that the function returns suits
	 its needs perfectly, so we limit it to returning a single EGLConfig.
	 */
	EGLint configsReturned;
	if (!eglChooseConfig(eglDisplay, configurationAttributes, &eglConfig, 1, &configsReturned) || (configsReturned != 1))
	{
		printf("Failed to choose a suitable config.");
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		createEGLSurface
 @Output		eglSurface					The EGLSurface created
 @Input			eglDisplay                  The EGLDisplay used by the application
 @Input			eglConfig                   An EGLConfig chosen by the application
 @Input         view                        The NSView to render to
 @Return		Whether the function succeeds or not.
 @Description	Creates an EGLSurface for the screen
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) createEGLSurface:(EGLSurface &)eglSurface fromDisplay:(EGLDisplay)eglDisplay withConfig:(EGLConfig)eglConfig
				 withView:(NSView *)view
{
	/*	Create an EGLSurface for rendering.
	 Using a native window created earlier and a suitable eglConfig, a surface is created that can be used to render OpenGL ES calls to.
	 There are three main surface types in EGL, which can all be used in the same way once created but work slightly differently:
	 - Window Surfaces  - These are created from a native window and are drawn to the screen.
	 - Pixmap Surfaces  - These are created from a native windowing system as well, but are offscreen and are not displayed to the user.
	 - PBuffer Surfaces - These are created directly within EGL, and like Pixmap Surfaces are offscreen and thus not displayed.
	 The offscreen surfaces are useful for non-rendering contexts and in certain other scenarios, but for most applications the main
	 surface used will be a window surface as performed below. For NULL window systems, there are no actual windows, so NULL is passed
	 to this function.
	 */
	eglSurface = eglCreateWindowSurface(eglDisplay, eglConfig, (EGLNativeWindowType)view, NULL);
	if (![self testEGLError:"eglCreateWindowSurface"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		setupEGLContext
 @Output		eglContext                  The EGLContext created by this function
 @Input			eglDisplay                  The EGLDisplay used by the application
 @Input			eglConfig                   An EGLConfig chosen by the application
 @Input			eglSurface					The EGLSurface created by the application
 @Return		Whether the function succeeds or not.
 @Description	Sets up the EGLContext, creating it and then installing it to the current thread.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) setupEGLContext:(EGLContext &)eglContext fromDisplay:(EGLDisplay)eglDisplay withConfig:(EGLConfig)eglConfig
			 withSurface:(EGLSurface)eglSurface
{
	/*	Make OpenGL ES the current API.
	 EGL needs a way to know that any subsequent EGL calls are going to be affecting OpenGL ES,
	 rather than any other API (such as OpenVG).
	 */
	eglBindAPI(EGL_OPENGL_ES_API);
	if (![self testEGLError:"eglBindAPI"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Create a context.
	 EGL has to create what is known as a context for OpenGL ES. The concept of a context is OpenGL ES's way of encapsulating any
	 resources and state. What appear to be "global" functions in OpenGL actually only operate on the current context. A context
	 is required for any operations in OpenGL ES.
	 Similar to an EGLConfig, a context takes in a list of attributes specifying some of its capabilities. However in most cases this
	 is limited to just requiring the version of the OpenGL ES context required - In this case, OpenGL ES 2.0.
	 */
	EGLint contextAttributes[] =
	{
		EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2,
		EGL_NONE
	};

	// Create the context with the context attributes supplied
	eglContext = eglCreateContext(eglDisplay, eglConfig, NULL, contextAttributes);
	if (![self testEGLError:"eglCreateContext"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Bind the context to the current thread.
	 Due to the way OpenGL uses global functions, contexts need to be made current so that any function call can operate on the correct
	 context. Specifically, make current will bind the context to the thread it's called from, and unbind it from any others. To use
	 multiple contexts at the same time, users should use multiple threads and synchronise between them.
	 */
	eglMakeCurrent(eglDisplay, eglSurface, eglSurface, eglContext);
	if (![self testEGLError:"eglMakeCurrent"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		initialiseBuffer
 @Output		vertexBuffer                Handle to a vertex buffer object
 @Return		Whether the function succeeds or not.
 @Description	Initialises shaders, buffers and other state required to begin rendering with OpenGL ES
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) initialiseBuffer:(GLuint &)vertexBuffer
{
	/*	Concept: Vertices
	 When rendering a polygon or model to screen, OpenGL ES has to be told where to draw the object, and more fundamentally what shape
	 it is. The data used to do this is referred to as vertices, points in 3D space which are usually collected into groups of three
	 to render as triangles. Fundamentally, any advanced 3D shape in OpenGL ES is constructed from a series of these vertices - each
	 vertex representing one corner of a polygon.
	 */

	/*	Concept: Buffer Objects
	 To operate on any data, OpenGL first needs to be able to access it. The GPU maintains a separate pool of memory it uses independent
	 of the CPU. Whilst on many embedded systems these are in the same physical memory, the distinction exists so that they can use and
	 allocate memory without having to worry about synchronising with any other processors in the device.
	 To this end, data needs to be uploaded into buffers, which are essentially a reserved bit of memory for the GPU to use. By creating
	 a buffer and giving it some data we can tell the GPU how to render a triangle.
	 */

	// Vertex data containing the positions of each point of the triangle
	GLfloat vertexData[] = {-0.4f,-0.4f, 0.0f,  // Bottom Left
		                     0.4f,-0.4f, 0.0f,  // Bottom Right
		                     0.0f, 0.4f, 0.0f}; // Top Middle

	// Generate a buffer object
	glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer);

	// Bind buffer as an vertex buffer so we can fill it with data
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);

	/*	Set the buffer's size, data and usage
	 Note the last argument - GL_STATIC_DRAW. This tells the driver that we intend to read from the buffer on the GPU, and don't intend
	 to modify the data until we're done with it.
	 */
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertexData), vertexData, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

	if (![self testGLError:"glBufferData"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		initialiseShaders
 @Output		fragmentShader              Handle to a fragment shader
 @Output		vertexShader                Handle to a vertex shader
 @Output		shaderProgram               Handle to a shader program containing the fragment and vertex shader
 @Return		Whether the function succeeds or not.
 @Description	Initialises shaders, buffers and other state required to begin rendering with OpenGL ES
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
-(BOOL) initialiseFragmentShader:(GLuint &)fragmentShader andVertexShader:(GLuint &)vertexShader withProgram:(GLuint &)shaderProgram
{
	/*	Concept: Shaders
	 OpenGL ES 2.0 uses what are known as shaders to determine how to draw objects on the screen. Instead of the fixed function
	 pipeline in early OpenGL or OpenGL ES 1.x, users can now programmatically define how vertices are transformed on screen, what
	 data is used where, and how each pixel on the screen is coloured.
	 These shaders are written in GL Shading Language ES: http://www.khronos.org/registry/gles/specs/2.0/GLSL_ES_Specification_1.0.17.pdf
	 which is usually abbreviated to simply "GLSL ES".
	 Each shader is compiled on-device and then linked into a shader program, which combines a vertex and fragment shader into a form
	 that the OpenGL ES implementation can execute.
	 */

	/*	Concept: Fragment Shaders
	 In a final buffer of image data, each individual point is referred to as a pixel. Fragment shaders are the part of the pipeline
	 which determine how these final pixels are coloured when drawn to the framebuffer. When data is passed through here, the positions
	 of these pixels is already set, all that's left to do is set the final colour based on any defined inputs.
	 The reason these are called "fragment" shaders instead of "pixel" shaders is due to a small technical difference between the two
	 concepts. When you colour a fragment, it may not be the final colour which ends up on screen. This is particularly true when
	 performing blending, where multiple fragments can contribute to the final pixel colour.
	 */
	const char* const fragmentShaderSource = "\
	void main (void)\
	{\
	gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 0.66 ,1.0);\
	}";

	// Create a fragment shader object
	fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);

	// Load the source code into it
	glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, (const char**)&fragmentShaderSource, NULL);

	// Compile the source code
	glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

	// Check that the shader compiled
	GLint isShaderCompiled;
	glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &isShaderCompiled);
	if (!isShaderCompiled)
	{
		// If an error happened, first retrieve the length of the log message
		int infoLogLength, charactersWritten;
		glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLength);

		// Allocate enough space for the message and retrieve it
		char* infoLog = new char[infoLogLength];
		glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, infoLogLength, &charactersWritten, infoLog);

		// Display the error in a dialog box
		infoLogLength>1 ? printf("%s", infoLog) : printf("Failed to compile fragment shader.");

		delete[] infoLog;
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Concept: Vertex Shaders
	 Vertex shaders primarily exist to allow a developer to express how to orient vertices in 3D space, through transformations like
	 Scaling, Translation or Rotation. Using the same basic layout and structure as a fragment shader, these take in vertex data and
	 output a fully transformed set of positions. Other inputs are also able to be used such as normals or texture coordinates, and can
	 also be transformed and output alongside the position data.
	 */
	// Vertex shader code
	const char* const vertexShaderSource = "\
	attribute highp vec4	myVertex;\
	uniform mediump mat4	transformationMatrix;\
	void main(void)\
	{\
	gl_Position = transformationMatrix * myVertex;\
	}";

	// Create a vertex shader object
	vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);

	// Load the source code into the shader
	glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, (const char**)&vertexShaderSource, NULL);

	// Compile the shader
	glCompileShader(vertexShader);

	// Check the shader has compiled
	glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &isShaderCompiled);
	if (!isShaderCompiled)
	{
		// If an error happened, first retrieve the length of the log message
		int infoLogLength, charactersWritten;
		glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLength);

		// Allocate enough space for the message and retrieve it
		char* infoLog = new char[infoLogLength];
		glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, infoLogLength, &charactersWritten, infoLog);

		// Display the error in a dialog box
		infoLogLength>1 ? printf("%s", infoLog) : printf("Failed to compile vertex shader.");

		delete[] infoLog;
		return FALSE;
	}

	// Create the shader program
	shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();

	// Attach the fragment and vertex shaders to it
	glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
	glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);

	// Bind the vertex attribute "myVertex" to location VERTEX_ARRAY (0)
	glBindAttribLocation(shaderProgram, VERTEX_ARRAY, "myVertex");

	// Link the program
	glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

	// Check if linking succeeded in the same way we checked for compilation success
	GLint isLinked;
	glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &isLinked);
	if (!isLinked)
	{
		// If an error happened, first retrieve the length of the log message
		int infoLogLength, charactersWritten;
		glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLength);

		// Allocate enough space for the message and retrieve it
		char* infoLog = new char[infoLogLength];
		glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, infoLogLength, &charactersWritten, infoLog);

		// Display the error in a dialog box
		infoLogLength>1 ? printf("%s", infoLog) : printf("Failed to link shader program.");

		delete[] infoLog;
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Use the Program
	 Calling glUseProgram tells OpenGL ES that the application intends to use this program for rendering. Now that it's installed into
	 the current state, any further glDraw* calls will use the shaders contained within it to process scene data. Only one program can
	 be active at once, so in a multi-program application this function would be called in the render loop. Since this application only
	 uses one program it can be installed in the current state and left there.
	 */
	glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

	if (![self testGLError:"glUseProgram"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		applicationDidFinishLaunching
 @Input 		notification
 @Description	Called when the application has finished launching.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (void) applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)notification
{
    // Create our window
    NSRect frame = NSMakeRect(0,0,WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    m_window = [[NSWindow alloc] initWithContentRect:frame styleMask:NSMiniaturizableWindowMask | NSTitledWindowMask | NSClosableWindowMask
											 backing:NSBackingStoreBuffered defer:NO];

    if(!m_window)
    {
        NSLog(@"Failed to allocated the window.");
        [self terminateApp];
    }

    [m_window setTitle:@"OGLES2HelloAPI"];

    // Create our view
    m_view = [[NSView alloc] initWithFrame:frame];

    // Now we have a view, add it to our window
    [m_window setContentView:m_view];
    [m_window makeKeyAndOrderFront:nil];

    // Add an observer so when our window is closed we terminate the app
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(terminateApp) name:NSWindowWillCloseNotification
											   object:m_window];

    EGLConfig config;

    // Create and Initialise an EGLDisplay
    if(![self createEGLDisplay:m_Display])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

	// Choose an EGLConfig for the application, used when setting up the rendering surface and EGLContext
	if(![self chooseEGLConfig:config fromDisplay:m_Display])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

	// Create an EGLSurface for rendering
	if(![self createEGLSurface:m_Surface fromDisplay:m_Display withConfig:config withView:m_view])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

	// Setup the EGL Context from the other EGL constructs created so far, so that the application is ready to submit OpenGL ES commands
	if(![self setupEGLContext:m_Context fromDisplay:m_Display withConfig:config withSurface:m_Surface])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

	// Initialise the vertex data in the application
	if(![self initialiseBuffer:m_vertexBuffer])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

	// Initialise the fragment and vertex shaders used in the application
	if(![self initialiseFragmentShader:m_fragShader andVertexShader:m_vertexBuffer withProgram:m_program])
	{
		[self terminateApp];
	}

    // Setup a timer to redraw the view at a regular interval
    m_timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:(1.0 / KFPS) target:self selector:@selector(renderScene) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		RenderScene
 @Input			eglDisplay                  The EGLDisplay used by the application
 @Input			eglSurface					The EGLSurface created by the application
 @Return		Whether the function succeeds or not.
 @Description	Renders the scene to the framebuffer. Usually called within a loop.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (BOOL) renderScene
{
	/*	Set the clear color
	 At the start of a frame, generally you clear the image to tell OpenGL ES that you're done with whatever was there before and want to
	 draw a new frame. In order to do that however, OpenGL ES needs to know what colour to set in the image's place. glClearColor
	 sets this value as 4 floating point values between 0.0 and 1.0, as the Red, Green, Blue and Alpha channels. Each value represents
	 the intensity of the particular channel, with all 0.0 being transparent black, and all 1.0 being opaque white. Subsequent calls to
	 glClear with the colour bit will clear the frame buffer to this value.
	 The functions glClearDepth and glClearStencil allow an application to do the same with depth and stencil values respectively.
	 */
	glClearColor(0.6f, 0.8f, 1.0f, 1.0f);

	/*	Clears the color buffer.
	 glClear is used here with the Colour Buffer to clear the colour. It can also be used to clear the depth or stencil buffer using
	 GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT or GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT, respectively.
	 */
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

	// Get the location of the transformation matrix in the shader using its name
	int matrixLocation = glGetUniformLocation(m_program, "transformationMatrix");

	// Matrix used to specify the orientation of the triangle on screen.
	const float transformationMatrix[] =
	{
		1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,
		0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,
		0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,
		0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f
	};

	// Pass the transformationMatrix to the shader using its location
	glUniformMatrix4fv( matrixLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, transformationMatrix);
	if (![self testGLError:"glUniformMatrix4fv"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	// Enable the user-defined vertex array
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(VERTEX_ARRAY);

	// Sets the vertex data to this attribute index, with the number of floats in each position
	glVertexAttribPointer(VERTEX_ARRAY, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
	if (![self testGLError:"glVertexAttribPointer"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Draw the triangle
	 glDrawArrays is a draw call, and executes the shader program using the vertices and other state set by the user. Draw calls are the
	 functions which tell OpenGL ES when to actually draw something to the framebuffer given the current state.
	 glDrawArrays causes the vertices to be submitted sequentially from the position given by the "first" argument until it has processed
	 "count" vertices. Other draw calls exist, notably glDrawElements which also accepts index data to allow the user to specify that
	 some vertices are accessed multiple times, without copying the vertex multiple times.
	 Others include versions of the above that allow the user to draw the same object multiple times with slightly different data, and
	 a version of glDrawElements which allows a user to restrict the actual indices accessed.
	 */
	glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
	if (![self testGLError:"glDrawArrays"])
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	/*	Present the display data to the screen.
	 When rendering to a Window surface, OpenGL ES is double buffered. This means that OpenGL ES renders directly to one frame buffer,
	 known as the back buffer, whilst the display reads from another - the front buffer. eglSwapBuffers signals to the windowing system
	 that OpenGL ES 2.0 has finished rendering a scene, and that the display should now draw to the screen from the new data. At the same
	 time, the front buffer is made available for OpenGL ES 2.0 to start rendering to. In effect, this call swaps the front and back
	 buffers.
	 */
	if (!eglSwapBuffers(m_Display, m_Surface) )
	{
		[self testGLError:"eglSwapBuffers"];
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		deInitialiseGLState
 @Description	Releases the resources
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (void) deInitialiseGLState
{
	// Frees the OpenGL handles for the program and the 2 shaders
	glDeleteShader(m_fragShader);
	glDeleteShader(m_vertexShader);
	glDeleteProgram(m_program);

	// Delete the VBO as it is no longer needed
	glDeleteBuffers(1, &m_vertexBuffer);
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		releaseEGLState
 @Input			eglDisplay                   The EGLDisplay used by the application
 @Description	Releases all resources allocated by EGL
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (void) releaseEGLState:(EGLDisplay)eglDisplay
{
	// To release the resources in the context, first the context has to be released from its binding with the current thread.
	eglMakeCurrent(eglDisplay, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_CONTEXT);

	// Terminate the display, and any resources associated with it (including the EGLContext)
	eglTerminate(eglDisplay);
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		applicationWillTerminate
 @Description   Called when the app is about to terminate.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (void) applicationWillTerminate:(NSNotification *)notification
{
    // Release our timer
    [m_timer invalidate];

	[self deInitialiseGLState];
	[self releaseEGLState:m_Display];

    // Release our view and window
    [m_view release];
    m_view = nil;

    [m_window release];
    m_window = nil;
}

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		terminateApp
 @Description   Attempts to immediately terminate the application.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
- (void) terminateApp
{
    [NSApp terminate:nil];
}

@end

/*!*****************************************************************************************************************************************
 @Function		main
 @Input			argc           Number of arguments passed to the application, ignored.
 @Input			argv           Command line strings passed to the application, ignored.
 @Return		Result code to send to the Operating System
 @Description	Main function of the program, executes other functions.
 *******************************************************************************************************************************************/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	return NSApplicationMain(argc, (const char **)argv);
}